256名大学生运动员心电图检查结果分析

目的通过分析大学生运动员心电图的特点,提高对这一群体出现心电异常的认识,减少被检者不必要的心理负担和避免心源性运动意外的发生。方法对256名大学生运动员心电图检查结果进行回顾性分析。结果大学生运动员心电图异常检出率为50.39%,其中大多属于运动训练诱导的生理性改变,但是个别异常结果需要与能引发运动猝死的病理改变鉴别。结论 (1)对大学生运动员心电图异常应慎重鉴别、区别对待。(2)为了避免出现心源性运动意外,在参与训练前就进行筛选比在赛前筛选更加有效。     

南京体育学院运动员门诊处方用药现状分析

目的分析我院运动员患者的用药状况及需求,为今后保障运动员合理、有效、安全地应用药物提供参考依据。方法采用回顾性分析2007—2009年运动员门诊处方。结果 2007—2009年运动员患者每次门诊处方联合用药平均品种分别为2.7、3.4、3.2种;运动员用药主要以感染性疾病用药为主。结论运动员用药品种选择、给药途径符合《运动员治疗药物使用指南》,没发生1起药源性兴奋剂事件。     

青少年男子体操运动员主要关节的等速肌力特征

BACKGROUND: The gymnastic skill training of juveniles tends to be scientific and systematic, such as confirming the strength characteristics of joints and muscles and implementing training program pertinently based on the scientific diagnostic method. OBJECTIVE: To explore the isokinetic muscle strength characteristics of the trunk, hips and knees in juvenile male gymnasts. METHODS: Sixteen juvenile male gymnasts who were active athletes in Liaoning province were enrolled. ISOMED2000 isokinetic muscle strength test system was used to detect the muscle strength, and the test speed of trunk set as 30, 60 and 180 (°)/s, while 60, 180 and 300 (°)/s for the hips and knees. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: At 30, 60 and 180 (°)/s, the hamstring/quadriceps ratio of trunk were 91.36±1.25, 87.77±3.74 and 78.20±4.70, respectively. At 60, 180 and 300 (°)/s, the hamstring/quadriceps ratio of the left hip was 65.55±4.38, 66.92±3.22 and 68.18±2.82, while that of the right hip were 57.40±4.43, 65.73±1.07 and 64.15±5.55. Additionally, the left flexor strength was significantly higher than that of the right, while the right extensor strength was significantly higher than that of the left at 60 (°)/s (P < 0.05). At 60, 180 and 300 (°)/s, the hamstring/quadriceps ratio was 50.88±4.98, 54.75±4.51 and 58.80±7.93 for the left knee, and 51.55±4.30, 55.20±5.08 and 58.43±5.93 for the right knee. In three test speeds there were no significant differences in flexor and extensor strength between two sides (P > 0.05). These results indicate that the rapid strength of the back especially of the flexor is insufficient markedly, and the basic strength of the extensor is weak. The basic strength of the left flexor in the hip is large, the same as the right extensor; the rapid strength of flexor is weak, and imbalance in the muscle strength between two sides appears. Fortunately, the muscle strength of the knee between two sides achieves balance, but there is still a certain deficiency in the rapid strength of the left flexor and the basic strength of the extensor on both sides. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程     

Resting plasma and salivary IL-6 concentrations are not correlated in distance runners

Measurement of IL-6 has been widely undertaken to examine inflammatory and immune responses to exercise. Use of salivary IL-6 offers an alternative to the invasive collection procedures required for IL-6 measurement in plasma samples. Rarely, however, has the degree of association between plasma and salivary IL-6 been reported. The aim of the current study was to investigate the relationship between resting salivary and plasma IL-6 concentrations in 45 trained distance runners (36 males, 9 females; age: 35.1 ± 8.0 y, mean ± SD). Plasma and saliva samples were collected from athletes under resting conditions. Plasma IL-6 concentrations were determined using a Bioplex suspension array system and commercially available reagents. Salivary IL-6 concentrations were determined using a commercially available high-sensitivity ELISA kit. At rest, the mean (± SD) plasma IL-6 concentration was 3.43 ± 3.75 pg mL⁻¹ compared to a mean salivary IL-6 concentration of 1.80 ± 4.25 pg mL⁻¹. IL-6 concentrations in plasma and saliva samples were not correlated (r = −0.031, p = 0.85). At rest, salivary IL-6 concentrations do not reflect plasma IL-6 concentrations. The potential for salivary IL-6 to act as a surrogate marker for plasma IL-6 responses when examining inflammatory and immune responses to exercise, therefore, appears unlikely.     

Influence of sympatho-vagal balance on airway responsiveness in athletes

The increased prevalence of airway hyper-responsiveness (AHR) observed among athletes suggests that high-level training may contribute to the development of AHR. We investigated the possible influence of the sympatho-vagal balance on this phenomenon in 40 athletes and 10 sedentary controls. Each subject filled out a respiratory questionnaire, had a methacholine challenge, and measurements were made of their baseline plasma catecholamines [epinephrine (E), norepinephrine (NE) and dopamine (DA)] as a reflection of sympathetic tone, and their heart rate variability (SDNN: standard deviation of all normal-to-normal intervals) as an indicator of parasympathetic tone. The athletes had a 45% prevalence of AHR (defined as PC₂₀ < 16 mg/ml, where PC₂₀ is the concentration of methacholine inducing a 20% fall in the forced expiratory volume in 1 s, FEV₁) with a mean PC₂₀ of 21.2 mg/ml compared with 10% prevalence (mean PC₂₀: 74.4 mg/ml) in sedentary subjects (P < 0.01). Plasma catecholamine values were not significantly different between the two groups (all P > 0.05), but the estimated parasympathetic tone was higher in athletes (P=0.01). When data from all subjects were analyzed together, plasma E and NE correlated with PC₂₀ (r=0.39, P=0.005 and r=0.29, P < 0.005) but DA and SDNN did not (both P > 0.05). However, the ratios E/SDNN, NE/SDNN and DA/SDNN showed significant correlations with PC₂₀ (r=0.42, P < 0.01; r=0.33, P < 0.005 and r=0.31, P < 0.05, respectively). This study suggests that the sympatho-vagal balance may contribute to the increased AHR in the population studied but this influence alone cannot explain the higher prevalence of AHR in athletes. Accepted: 26 July 2000     

运动员中药临床合理应用与药物警戒探赜

中药在运动医学领域应用日渐广泛,然而由于运动员的职业特殊性,其身体机能可影响药物体内吸收、分布、代谢与排泄过程,进而影响中药的疗效和安全性,并且药物使用有严格的限制,用药过程中存在安全隐患或违规使用兴奋剂等问题.运动员作为特殊的用药人群,需密切关注其用药的有效性与安全性及违禁药物的相关规定.文章采用文献资料挖掘法梳理并...     

Special issue on exercise immunology: Current perspectives on aging,health and extreme performance

The aim of this special issue is to highlight outstanding exemplars of empirical research and review papers that reflect the breadth of current developments in exercise immunology. The contributions to this issue are categorized according to four major themes: (1) exercise and immune-aging; (2) the effects of acute exercise on cellular shifts and gene expression; (3) the effects of exercise on immune regulation during stress and disease; and (4) extreme performance and the impact of dietary counter measures on immunity. We discuss the papers appearing in this issue, in accordance with these major themes, and summarize their important contributions to this exciting and expanding field.