黄芪对致敏大鼠气道壁转化生长因子β_1、Ⅲ型胶原和纤维连接蛋白表达的影响

目的探讨黄芪在致敏大鼠气道重塑中的作用。方法Wistar雄性大鼠24只,随机分为对照组、致敏组和黄芪干预组,每组8只。采用卵蛋白腹腔注射致敏动物,2周后用1%卵蛋白雾化吸入激发。黄芪干预组在每日激发前给予黄芪注射液5g/kg腹腔注射。对照组以生理盐水代替卵蛋白雾化吸入和腹腔注射。分别采用免疫组化和原位杂交法测定大鼠气道壁Ⅲ型胶原、纤维连接蛋白(FN)及上皮细胞TGF-β_1蛋白水平和TGF-β_1mRNA表达水平。结果(1)致敏组大鼠气道壁Ⅲ型胶原、FN表达分别为29．49±1．89、25．98±1．53,与对照组(16．53±1．20、9．37±1．11)比较,差异有显著性(P＜0．01)；黄芪干预组(21．24±1．38、19．57±1．36)与致敏组比较,差异有显著性(P＜0．01),但高于对照组(P＜0．01)。(2)致敏组大鼠气道上皮细胞TGF-β_1蛋白和mRNA表达分别为26．99%±2．90%、24．91%±2．88%,与对照组(12．02%±1．52%、5．45%±1．18%)比较,差异有显著性(P＜0．01)；黄芪干预组(19．89%±2．06%、12．33%±1．34%)与致敏组比较,差...     

黄芪刺激体外培养的大鼠肝卵圆细胞生长的作用

目的探讨黄芪对体外培养的大鼠肝卵圆细胞生长的影响。方法从喂饲含0．1%乙硫氨酸的胆碱缺乏性饮食4～6周的大鼠肝脏中分离出肝卵圆细胞,用RT-PCR、免疫组化、Westem blot等方法对培养的细胞进行鉴定。MIT法观察不同浓度黄芪对肝卵圆细胞生长的影响；Giemsa染色法观察细胞表型的改变情况；碘化丙啶染色流式细胞仪测定细胞周期的变化。结果所分出的细胞既表达干细胞标志物c-kit,也表达胚胎肝细胞标志物甲胎蛋白、胆管细胞标志物OV6和CK19,此外还表达成熟肝细胞标志物白蛋白,认为它们是大鼠肝卵圆细胞。从0．125mg/ml～4mg/ml黄芪处理肝卵圆细胞48h后都有促进其生长的作用,其中2mg/ml黄芪刺激生长作用最明显(P＜0．05)。2 mg/ml黄芪处理肝卵圆细胞48h后既出现了一些增殖能力强的细胞,也出现了一些核质比低的细胞,此时细胞周期测定结果显示处G_2-S和M期的细胞比未用黄芪处理的对照细胞增多。结论黄芪具有明显的刺激体外培养的肝卵圆细胞生长的作用。     

黄芪总黄酮抗肝损伤作用初探

目的研究黄芪总黄酮(total navonoids 0f Astragalus,TFA)对扑热息痛所致小鼠肝损伤的预防功效。方法观察不同剂量(0、100、300、400、500 ms/kg)扑热息痛对c57BL/6J小鼠肝脏的损伤作用,比较经1天或5天(每天2次)的TFA预处理后对扑热息痛(400 mg/kg)所致肝损伤的防护作用。结果扑热息痛对小鼠肝损伤作用具有明显的量效关系。不同剂量的TFA对扑热息痛诱导小鼠肝损伤有不同程度的防护作用,其作用强度与药物浓度成正比；TFA可增加血清中SOD活性(P＜0．05)；高剂量的TFA(100mg/kg)具有降低肝组织中脂质过氧化物质的作用；此外,在相同TFA剂量下,5天组对扑热息痛诱导小鼠肝损伤的预防作用优于1天组。结论提示TFA可预防扑热息痛诱导的肝损伤,其预防作用与其使用时间有密切关系。     

动态观察黄芪对人巨细胞病毒感染的粒-单系祖细胞体外增殖的影响

目的:动态研究(CFU-GM)体外增殖的影响.方法:隔日计HCMV AD169体外持续感染后1～19天内黄芪注射液对CFU-GM细胞簇、集落、大集落及细胞总数变化规律.结果:培养后各组CFU-GM增殖均有不同程度的增加,7天达峰后减少.病毒组CFU-GM增殖均较空白组有明显降低(P＜0.05);黄芪组、更昔洛韦组和空白组细胞增殖明显高于病毒组(P＜0.01);更昔洛韦组和黄芪组CFU-GM增殖显著高于病毒组(P＜0.05).结论:黄芪注射液可以促进体外培养HCMV感染CFU-GM的增殖.黄芪注射液;粒--单系祖细胞;人巨细胞病毒;细胞增殖.     

超滤法在海洋真菌多糖分离纯化工艺中的应用

目的用超滤法代替透析法去除海洋真菌多糖提取液中的单糖等小分子杂质。方法采用中空纤维超滤膜 ,对多糖去蛋白质后的提取液通过超滤去除小分子杂质 ,同一批提取液中取出部分用透析法处理 ,作平行对照。结果原液浓度、操作压力等影响参数优化后得到的产品 ,多糖得率和含量都不低于对照组 ,而且洗脱曲线也与对照组相似。结论超滤法适用于海洋真菌多糖的分离纯化 ,可供中试生产使用     

枸杞多糖免疫调节作用机制研究进展

枸杞子是传统的名贵补益中药,具有"滋阴补血、益精明目"之功效.枸杞多糖是其中的主要生物活性成分,具有免疫调节、抗肿瘤、抗衰老等多种生物学作用.近年来,随着植物化学分离纯化技术的不断改进,枸杞多糖得到了进一步的分离和纯化,因此其免疫作用的分子机制如其作用的靶细胞、信号转导途径等研究取得了较明显进展.     

逍遥散方剂中水溶性多糖的研究

目的研究逍遥散方剂中活性成分--水溶性多糖.方法以Sephadex G-150凝胶柱分离粗多糖,凝胶过滤法测定相对分子质量,经红外扫描、酸水解、高碘酸氧化和Smith降解确定组成和初级结构.结果两种水溶性多糖:PXB-1相对分子质量为7.9×103,由葡萄糖(94.7%)和一未知成分(5.3%)组成,PXB-2相对分子质量为2.5×103,由葡萄糖(28.1%)、半乳糖(42.9%)、甘露糖(29.0%)组成.两者均为α(1→2)型糖苷键链接.结论PXB-1和PXB-2首次从逍遥散方剂中分得,并首次报道了其组成及初级结构.     

A Study on the Inhibitory Effect of Polysaccharides from Radix Ranunculus Ternati on Human Breast Cancer MCF-7 Cell Lines

The objective of this paper was to study the in vitro anti-breast cancer activity of polysaccharides from Radix ranunculus ternati. Different concentrations of polysaccharide extracts were selected, and MTT assay and flow cytometry (FCM) were used to investigate their growth-inhibitory and apoptosis-inducing effects on human breast cancer MCF-7 cell lines. Radix ranunculus ternati polysaccharides had varying degrees of effects on the growth of human breast cancer MCF-7 cell lines, and the differences were significant compared with the blank control group. FCM showed that the polysaccharides can induce apoptosis. In addition, it can also enhance NK cell activity. Radix ranunculus ternati polysaccharides have a relatively good in-vitro anti-breast cancer activity.     

Tablet and Capsule Hydrophilic Matrices Based on Heterodisperse Polysaccharides Having Porosity-Independent In Vitro Release Profiles

The purpose of the study was to investigate the release-controlling action of a swellable hydrophilic material based on heterodisperse polysaccharides (HP) in relation to the initial pore structure of the formulations. HP-based granules were produced under carefully controlled conditions and compacted into matrix tablets having equivalent tablet thickness. Quantification of pore structure using mercury porosimetry showed that the tablets had substantially different pore volumes and pore size distributions. Dissolution studies demonstrated that release of a water-soluble model compound, benzamide, from swollen matrices was affected neither by total porosity nor median pore diameter of the initial dry matrix. To extend the concept of porosity-independent release further, HP-based formulations containing either diclofenac sodium or propranolol HCl were contained within hard gelatin capsules in the form of uncompacted granules. This produced a dosage form with a high intraparticulate porosity in the dry state. Equivalent weights of the same formulations were also compacted into tablets. The in vitro release profiles from matrix tablets compacted from any of the formulations did not differ significantly from release profiles obtained when the same materials were contained uncompacted in hard gelatin capsules.     

Drug delivery strategies using polysaccharidic gels

Hydrogels are hydrophilic polymeric networks, with chemical or physical crosslinks, that are capable of swell and can retain a large amount of water. Among the numerous types of macromolecules that can be used for hydrogel formation, polysaccharides show very attractive advantages in comparison to synthetic polymers. They are widely present in living organisms, are usually abundant and show a number of peculiar physicochemical properties; furthermore, these macromolecules are, in most cases, non-toxic, biocompatible and can be obtained from renewable sources. For these reasons, polysaccharides seem to be particularly suitable for different applications in the wide field of pharmaceutics. As examples of the studies that have been carried out on this topic, this review will focus on two polysaccharides, alginate and xyloglucan. Alginate has been, and still is, extensively investigated and has numerous industrial applications, whereas xyloglucan was chosen because, although it has been much less studied, it shows interesting properties that should find important practical uses in the near future. The possible advantages of physical gels over those that are chemically crosslinked are also discussed.