Moment-Based Multi-Resolution HWENO Scheme for Hyperbolic Conservation Laws

In this paper, a high-order moment-based multi-resolution Hermite weighted essentially non-oscillatory (HWENO) scheme is designed for hyperbolic conservation laws. The main idea of this scheme is derived from our previous work [J. Comput. Phys., 446 (2021) 110653], in which the integral averages of the function and its first order derivative are used to reconstruct both the function and its first order derivative values at the boundaries. However, in this paper, only the function values at the Gauss-Lobatto points in the one or two dimensional case need to be reconstructed by using the information of the zeroth and first order moments. In addition, an extra modification procedure is used to modify those first order moments in the troubled-cells, which leads to an improvement of stability and an enhancement of resolution near discontinuities. To obtain the same order of accuracy, the size of the stencil required by this moment-based multi-resolution HWENO scheme is still the same as the general HWENO scheme and is more compact than the general WENO scheme. Moreover, the linear weights are not unique and are independent of the node position, and the CFL number can still be 0.6 whether for the one or two dimensional case, which has to be 0.2 in the two dimensional case for other HWENO schemes. Extensive numerical examples are given to demonstrate the stability and resolution of such moment-based multi-resolution HWENO scheme.     

Relationship between retail food outlets near public schools and adolescent obesity in New York City

Using objectively-measured height and weight data from academic years 2009–2013 (n = 1,114,010 student-year observations), we estimated the association between the food outlet in closest proximity to schools and the likelihood of obesity among New York City public high school students. Obesity risk was higher for students with a corner store as the nearest option to schools, regardless of whether other food outlet types were located within a quarter mile or a half mile of schools (i.e., benchmarks for zoning policies). Policymakers may want to consider introducing healthier food options near schools, in conjunction with programs to support changes within corner stores.     

希腊医疗现状与中医药发展前景分析＊

希腊历史悠久，是现代西方医学的发祥地。希腊位于陆上和海上丝绸之路的交汇点，一直是我国“一带一路”建设的重要合作伙伴。对中医药海外发展而言，希腊已成为中医药进入欧洲市场的重要门户。本文通过综合多方资料，阐明希腊医疗现状，并对中医药的发展前景进行分析，为中医药在希腊的进一步发展提供参考。     

The Legal Challenge of Abortion Stigma—and Government Restrictions on the Practice of Medicine

During the 2016 election, Donald Trump won conservative support by promising that he would, if elected, nominate “pro-life” justices to the U.S. Supreme Court. Whether President Trump makes good on his campaign promise to restrict abortion rights may come down to competing impulses of the chief justice, John Roberts. These dueling dispositions—from the man whom many see as the new “swing justice”—hold the key to a blockbuster new case that legal historians call “the most unpredictable the Supreme Court has been on abortion in decades.” The case, June Medical Services v. Russo, turns on arduous new requirements that Louisiana has imposed on facilities and clinicians that provide abortion. But the case is not just about abortion access. The Court will have to decide whether a clinic has a right to challenge the law in the first place.     

Cumyl-CBMICA: A new synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonist containing a cyclobutyl methyl side chain

Since the beginning of the phenomenon of new psychoactive substances (NPS), synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonists (SCRAs) have been the largest and most prevalent subclass of these drugs in Europe. Many countries implemented specific legislation scheduling classes of substances defined on the basis of their chemical structure to reduce supply. We describe the identification and analytical characterization within the EU project ADEBAR plus of 1-(cyclobutylmethyl)-N-(2-phenylpropan-2-yl)-1H-indole-3-carboxamide which resulted in the formal notification through the Early Warning System of the European Monitoring Centre for Drug and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA). This is the first identification of this new SCRA worldwide and the analytical data was distributed (inter-)nationally right after identification in 2019. First, the substance was isolated from the herbal material using preparative high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Structure elucidation and analytical characterization were performed using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS), gas chromatography-solid state infrared spectroscopy (GC-sIR), liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-quadrupole time of flight-mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-qToF-MS), Raman spectroscopy, and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The new compound contains a cyclobutyl methyl group as a side chain and has not been described in any patent to our knowledge. Based on the semisystematic nomenclature of SCRAs, we propose Cumyl-CBMICA as a short name for the compound.     

基于数据挖掘分析改善睡眠中药保健食品用药规律

目的:分析改善睡眠中药保健食品的用药规律,为相关产品研发提供参考。方法:在国家食品药品监督管理总局(CDFA)官网中检索1997年12月12日以后审批的中药保健食品,运用Excel 2010建立保健食品中药原料总数据库1个,子数据库7个(中药子数据库、药性子数据库、药味子数据库、归经子数据库、功效子数据库、药对子数据库、角药子数据库),然后对7个子数据库的数据进行频数分析,并将用药频率在1%以上的中药导入SPSS 24软件,按中药性味、归经、功效主治以分层聚类法进行聚类分析。结果:共检索出539种改善睡眠中药保健食品,经纳入、排除筛选,最终纳入354种。使用频率最高的前3味中药为酸枣仁、五味子、茯苓;按功效分类,使用频率最高的前3种中药为补虚药、安神药、平肝息风药;高频药对或角药包括酸枣仁+五味子、酸枣仁+茯苓、酸枣仁+五味子+茯苓等;中药药性以平性最多,药味以甘、苦、酸、辛为主,归经以肝、心、脾、肾为主;核心药物经聚类分析形成5个类群。结论:改善睡眠的中药保健食品所用中药性味以甘平、甘温(热)、甘寒(凉)为主,多归肝、心、脾、肾经;经数据分析得出的21味高频中药可作为改善睡眠保健食品的核心药物,尤其前6味高频中药应加大研发力度;药物配伍方面,养血安神药可与补虚药和收涩药配伍,也可与平肝息风药和利水渗湿药配伍;治疗原则为:有虚证者治以补气、补血、补阴,有血瘀、湿浊、阳亢、心肝火实证者治以活血、利湿、平肝潜阳、清泻心肝实火,在以上治疗的基础上,再配合养血安神药或镇心安神药。     

Energy of Tycho's supernova remnant is increasing with time

It is shown, using the Zeldovich integral relations, that the energy of Tycho's Supernova Remnant is strongly growing with time, approximately as t(1/3). This growth can be attributed to the exothermic reactions going inside the remnant. The use of the assumption of the adiabaticity of the motion inside of the shock front, and no losses or gain of energy at the front, seems therefore unjustified.     

杨子谦治疗月经病用药规律

目的：采用中医传承辅助平台系统软件,分析杨子谦治疗月经病的用药规律。方法收集杨子谦治疗月经病的病案,运用数据挖掘技术对杨子谦治疗月经病的处方进行数据挖掘。1）处方数据库的建立：以Epidata数据库平台为基础,建立名老中医经验总结录入模板,将29张处方89诊次录入到Epidata数据库平台,形成病历数据库。2）数据挖掘方法：单味药采用频次统计法,药对之间的关联使用无尺度网络分析方法,确定处方中各种药物的使用频次及药物之间的关联规则,分析杨子谦治疗月经病的用药规律。结果杨子谦共用中药130味,其中以当归、白芍为核心药物,且配伍频次最高。结论杨子谦治疗月经病经验丰富,具有益气、活血、补血、理气的辨证用药特点,中医传承辅助系统对于挖掘名老中医临床经验具有重要实用价值。     

Prevalence of marijuana use does not differentially increase among youth after states pass medical marijuana laws: Commentary on and reanalysis of US National Survey on Drug Use in Households data 2002–2011

There is considerable interest in the effects of medical marijuana laws (MML) on marijuana use in the USA, particularly among youth. The article by Stolzenberg et al. (2015) “The effect of medical cannabis laws on juvenile cannabis use” concludes that “implementation of medical cannabis laws increase juvenile cannabis use”. This result is opposite to the findings of other studies that analysed the same US National Survey on Drug Use in Households data as well as opposite to studies analysing other national data which show no increase or even a decrease in youth marijuana use after the passage of MML. We provide a replication of the Stolzenberg et al. results and demonstrate how the comparison they are making is actually driven by differences between states with and without MML rather than being driven by pre and post-MML changes within states. We show that Stolzenberg et al. do not properly control for the fact that states that pass MML during 2002–2011 tend to already have higher past-month marijuana use before passing the MML in the first place. We further show that when within-state changes are properly considered and pre-MML prevalence is properly controlled, there is no evidence of a differential increase in past-month marijuana use in youth that can be attributed to state MML.     

基于《中医方剂大辞典》挖掘古代治疗偏头痛的用药和时代规律

目的：通过收集整理《中医方剂大辞典》中治疗偏头痛的古代方剂,挖掘其用药和时代规律,为临床治疗偏头痛提供参考。方法：从《中医方剂大辞典》中筛选出符合标准的方剂,导入古今医案云平台,统计不同时代药物种类、四气、五味、归经和功效频率,运用复杂网络分析和关联分析挖掘治疗偏头痛的核心中药和药物关联情况。结果：共筛选出266首方剂,涉及337种中药,各年代方药不全相同,但均喜用温性、苦味或辛味,归肺、肝或脾的中药。其中,最核心的中药为川芎、防风和当归,并常用甘草、细辛、防风和川芎相配伍。结论：各年代医家辨治偏头痛用药不尽相同,但其用药思想包括性味归经等基本相同,从汉唐至清代整体一脉相承,总不离祛风、活血、止痛和从肝论治,可为现代临床治疗偏头痛提供重要参考。