基于脑功能网络的抑郁症识别研究

传统基于脑电(EEG)的抑郁症研究将电极视为孤立节点,忽略了它们之间的关联性,难以发掘抑郁症患者异常大脑拓扑改变。为此,本文提出一种基于脑功能网络(BFN)的抑郁症识别框架,为避免容积导体效应,相位延迟指数用于构建BFN;以加权与二值化BFN信息互补为基础,选取"小世界"特性密切相关及最小生成树特定脑区BFN指标,采用递进式指标分析策略寻找抑郁症识别潜在标识物。本文以48名受试者静息态EEG数据用于验证方案,结果表明组间同步性在左颞、右顶枕、右额脑区明显改变;加权BFN最短路径长度和聚类系数,二值化BFN左颞和右额的叶子分数及右顶枕的直径与患者健康问卷9项(PHQ-9)之间具有相关性,且获得最高94.11%的识别率。此外,研究发现相对于健康对照者,抑郁症患者的信息处理能力明显下降。通过上述结论,期望本研究结果可为BFN构建与分析提供新的思路,为抑郁症识别潜在标识物的发掘提供新的方法。     

Klassevirus Infection in Children, South Korea

To investigate prevalence and clinical characteristics of klassevirus in South Korea, we performed molecular screening in fecal and nasopharyngeal samples from hospitalized children with gastroenteritis. A total of 26 (8.8%) of 294 fecal samples were positive for klassevirus. Klassevirus may be a possible cause of gastroenteritis.     

Coccidioidomycosis among Scholarship Athletes and Other College Students, Arizona, USA

To compare coccidioidomycosis case rates among groups of young adults in a disease-endemic region, we reviewed medical charts for serologic testing and coding. Case rates were higher for scholarship athletes than for other students and paralleled 5× more serologic testing. Our findings underscore the need to routinely test patients for coccidioidomycosis.     

Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus Meningitis, New York, NY, USA, 2009

We describe a case of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) meningitis in a New York, NY, resident who had no apparent risk factors. Clues leading to the diagnosis included aseptic meningitis during winter and the finding of hypoglycorrachia and lymphocytosis in the cerebrospinal fluid. LCMV continues to be an underdiagnosed zoonotic disease.     

Extensive Mammalian Ancestry of Pandemic (H1N1) 2009 Virus

We demonstrate that the novel pandemic influenza (H1N1) viruses have human virus–like receptor specificity and can no longer replicate in aquatic waterfowl, their historic natural reservoir. The biological properties of these viruses are consistent with those of their phylogenetic progenitors, indicating longstanding adaptation to mammals.     

Quarantine Methods and Prevention of Secondary Outbreak of Pandemic (H1N1) 2009

During the 2009 influenza (H1N1) pandemic, some countries used quarantine for containment or mitigation. Of 152 quarantined university students we studied, risk for illness was higher for students quarantined in a room with a person with a confirmed case; we found no difference between students quarantined in double or single rooms.     

Rhinovirus C and Respiratory Exacerbations in Children with Cystic Fibrosis

To investigate a possible role for human rhinovirus C in respiratory exacerbations of children with cystic fibrosis, we conducted microbiologic testing on respiratory specimens from 103 such patients in São Paulo, Brazil, during 2006–2007. A significant association was found between the presence of human rhinovirus C and respiratory exacerbations.     

Accumulation of L-type Bovine Prions in Peripheral Nerve Tissues

We recently reported the intraspecies transmission of L-type atypical bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE). To clarify the peripheral pathogenesis of L-type BSE, we studied prion distribution in nerve and lymphoid tissues obtained from experimentally challenged cattle. As with classical BSE prions, L-type BSE prions accumulated in central and peripheral nerve tissues.     

南充市自发性脑出血发病与气温的相关性及滞后效应

目的分析南充市自发性脑出血（sICH）发病与气温的相关性及滞后关系。 方法收集南充市全市范围内二级以上医院2014年1月至2018年12月收治的sICH患者病例资料及同期气温数据,利用Spearman等级相关法确定最佳温度指标,将其组建分布滞后非线性模型,评估其与sICH日发病风险的暴露-剂量反应关系,分层分析各温度节点在性别及年龄组别的滞后-剂量反应关系。 结果共收集sICH患者资料13 952例。Spearman相关性分析揭示sICH日发病人数与日均气温呈非线性负相关（r=-0.324,P<0.05）。分布滞后非线性模型分析结果表明极低温和低温当天sICH的相对危险度为1.68（1.35~2.08）及1.47（1.24~1.72）,危害效应最大,其随着滞后天数增加而减弱,极低温滞后1~2 d,低温持续滞后1~10 d。低龄组（18~60岁）在极低温、低温下滞后2 d,高龄组（>60岁）在极低温下滞后10 d,低温下滞后24 d。不同性别组在极低温、低温下滞后效应趋势一致,随滞后天数增加风险下降。 结论低温增加sICH发病风险,早期呈明显急性影响,且具有滞后效应,老年人对低温反应更加滞后。