3D打印椎间融合器在37例单节段腰椎手术中的应用

目的 探讨3D打印椎间融合器应用于单节段腰椎后路减压植骨融合内固定术后的优势和早期临床疗效。方法 回顾性分析2021年5月至2022年1月于山东第一医科大学附属省立医院脊柱外科行单节段腰椎后路减压植骨融合内固定术患者73例,分为3D打印钛合金椎间融合器(3D cage)组(n=37)和聚醚醚酮椎间融合器(PEEK cage)组(n=36)。分别观察两组患者术前及术后随访的疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS评分)和Oswestry功能障碍指数(ODI评分),评估腰椎功能及术后改善程度,比较两组患者骨密度(BMD)、手术时间、术中出血量、术中同种异体骨植入量、术后引流量、短期并发症发生情况、腰椎前凸角(LL)、椎间隙高度(DH)、LL丢失值、DH丢失值及椎间融合情况等数据。结果 所有患者均顺利完成手术,术后随访3个月。两组患者手术时间、术中出血量、术后引流量及术后3个月VAS评分和ODI评分比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);3D cage组同种异体骨植入量少于PEEK cage组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);术后两组患者的LL和DH均较术前增大,差异有统计学意义(P<...     

带翼型髋臼加强杯在重建髋臼肿瘤切除后骨缺损中的应用

目的探讨带翼型髋臼加强杯在重建髋臼肿瘤切除后骨缺损中的应用。方法 2003年6月-2009年12月,对25例髋臼肿瘤切除后HarringtonⅢ型骨缺损患者行带翼型髋臼加强杯联合人工全髋关节置换重建术。男13例,女12例;年龄13～73岁,平均51.2岁。患者主要临床症状为患侧髋部及臀部疼痛;病程1～96个月,中位病程6个月。转移瘤18例,多发性骨髓瘤3例,非何杰金淋巴瘤、Ⅰ级软骨肉瘤、骨巨细胞瘤、软骨母细胞瘤各1例。1例软骨母细胞瘤患者联合应用RIBBED人工全髋关节(LINK公司,德国),6例应用国产春利正达骨水泥型人工全髋关节,其余患者均应用SPⅡ人工全髋关节(LINK公司,德国)。结果围手术期无死亡患者,发生深部感染1例、髋关节假体脱位2例。转移瘤患者中,8例死于肿瘤进展,平均生存11个月;10例患者生存,平均随访时间15个月。1例多发性骨髓瘤患者术后21个月死于肺部感染;其余多发性骨髓瘤及非何杰金淋巴瘤患者均生存,平均随访时间17个月。软骨母细胞瘤与软骨肉瘤患者分别随访58个月及12个月,无肿瘤局部复发。骨巨细胞瘤患者术后19个月肿瘤复发。3例患者因肿瘤复发导致髋臼内植物松动,其余患者均未出现内植物失败。23例患者术后6个月关节功能行美国骨与软组织肿瘤协会(MSTS 93)功能评分系统评分,为57%～93%,平均81%。结论采用带翼型髋臼加强杯重建HarringtonⅢ型髋臼骨缺损,联合人工全髋关节置换,术后并发症发生率低,重建关节功能较好。     

皮质骨圈在椎弓根钉固定系统中支撑作用的生物力学评价

目的：了解脊椎椎弓根钉固定系统在人体皮质骨圈（allograft fusion cage,AFC)植入椎间隙前后对脊柱稳定性的影响。方法：在8具新鲜成年猪离体腰椎标上，以L2－3，L3－R，L4－5节段为实验对象，测试各节段在正常状态下（正常组）、椎间盘切除并Steffee钢板固定（内固定组）、椎间盘切除AFC植入Steffee钢板固定（AFC组）等三种种状态下的轴向压缩刚度。结果：（1）内固定组节段轴向压缩刚度为正常组的14．0％；（2）AFC组节段的轴向压缩刚度明显增加，达到了正常椎间的轴向压缩刚度；（3）在相同轴向压缩载荷作用下，AFC给椎弓根钉受力移位较内固定组明显减小。结论：脊椎椎弓根钉固定系统在AFC椎间植入后，对脊椎稳定性较无AFC植入显著增强，其受力移位明显减小，即可显著减少临床断钉。钢板折弯的机会。     

冷冻/冷冻干燥处理对犬下颌骨生物力学性能的影响

目的:探讨深低温冷冻/冷冻干燥处理对下颌骨生物力学性能的影响。方法:将12具新鲜比格犬下颌骨随机分成2组,第1组分为新鲜组和冷冻组、第2组分为新鲜组和冷冻干燥组,分别进行抗压和抗弯曲实验。结果:抗弯曲实验中冷冻骨和冻干骨的最大载荷与新鲜骨没有显著差别,抗弯曲实验中冷冻骨和冻干骨的最大载荷显著低于新鲜骨,分别降低了24%和30%,刚度显著高于新鲜骨。结论:经过冷冻或者冷冻干燥处理的同种异体下颌骨保持着较好的抗压能力,尽管抗弯曲能力下降较多,仍可以在移植后提供足够的支持力。     

钛网结合钛钢板在多节段颈椎前柱结构重建中的作用

目的:探讨钛网钛钢板内固定在多节段颈椎间盘突出症中的应用价值.方法:采用钛网钛板内固定的方法治疗颈椎间盘突出18例,平均随访时间为18个月,观察病人的植骨融合率、椎间高度、颈椎生理曲度、内植物的并发症及进行功能评定.结果:18例均获得骨性愈合,术后椎间高度和生理曲度维持满意,未发生内植物并发症.功能评定优14例,良3例,可1例.优良率为94%.结论:采用钛板钛网内固定可使脊柱立即获得稳定,植骨愈合率高,有效地维持椎间高度和生理曲度,早期下床活动.     

Parainfluenza Virus Infection in Adult Lung Transplant Recipients: An Emergent Clinical Syndrome with Implications on Allograft Function

Parainfluenza virus is a common cause of seasonal upper respiratory tract infections in children and adults. Studies indicate that parainfluenza virus may play an important role in the etiology of respiratory tract infections in lung transplant recipients with an estimated incidence of 5.3 per 100 patients. Parainfluenza virus type 3 is the most frequent serotype in lung transplant patients. The rate of lower respiratory tract infections with parainfluenza virus among lung transplant recipients is between 10 and 66% of cases. In addition, trans-bronchial biopsy at the time of parainfluenza infection shows signs of acute allograft rejection. Subsequently, 32% of patients have been found to have active bronchiolitis obliterans at a median time of 6 months (range 1-14) postviral infection. These findings indicate that parainfluenza virus infections may have long-term implications for lung transplant recipients. Further studies are required to identify the mechanisms of immunomodulation of parainfluenza virus among these patients. In addition, controlled studies are needed to evaluate the efficacy of aerosolized ribavarin in the treatment of parainfluenza virus infection and to determine whether vaccines may be effective in these high-risk patients.     

颈椎损伤伴颈椎间盘突出的疗效观察

目的 观察前路减压钢板内固定及solis颈椎cage融合治疗颈椎损伤伴颈椎间盘突出的疗效。方法 对25例颈椎损伤患者进行前路椎间盘摘除、脊髓减压、solis颈椎cage融合、前路钢板内固定治疗。有脱位者行牵引复位。结果 25例患者术后症状明显改善，未发生手术并发症．均获得骨性融合。术后影像学资料显示无植入物脱出或塌陷．无椎间高度明显丢失，无钢板螺钉断裂或脱落等。结论 前路钢板及solis颈椎cage融合有较高的强度和坚固能力，能提供较好的生物力学稳定作用，可以满足颈椎前路手术的需要。     

异体皮质骨支撑植骨在髋关节股骨翻修术中的应用

目的探讨异体皮质骨支撑植骨在髋关节股骨翻修术中应用的适应证及临床效果。方法从2001年10月至2007年12月，笔者对41例股骨严重骨缺损的患者在髋关节翻修术中应用了同种异体皮质骨支撑植骨。主要在以下三种情况下使用，一是采用延长股骨粗隆截骨（ETO）取股骨假体，而患者近端骨质疏松或原有严重的骨缺损，采用远端固定假体翻修，为增加股骨近端的强度或增加ETO后股骨近端的稳定性而采用，这类患者共20例；二是在采用打压植骨进行股骨重建时，因为股骨存在有节段性缺损，或因取股骨远端骨水泥而进行股骨开窗造成股骨节段性缺损时，为了封闭骨缺损，使其成为包容性缺损而采用，这类患者共6例；三是在有严重股骨骨质疏松的患者出现股骨骨折时采用，这类患者共15例。笔者进行了平均37个月（6～72个月）的随访。结果所有同种异体皮质骨在术后12个月可以看出有与宿主骨结合的征象，假体固定稳定。未发生感染、排异反应或假体松动征象，髋关节Harris评分从术前平均38分增加到术后的88．1分。结论异体皮质骨支撑植骨在某些股骨翻修情况下有其特殊的需要，能够作为生物接骨板提供机械稳定性和生物稳定性，目前有不可替代的作用。     

Allosensitization in bridge to transplant Novacor left ventricular assist device patients: analysis of long-term outcomes with regard to acute rejection and chronic allograft vasculopathy

BACKGROUND: The true relevance of allosensitization in patients benefiting from left ventricular assist device (LVAD) as bridge to transplant (BTT) is still debated. Available registry data referred to numerous devices precluding LVAD-specific analysis. Therefore, we studied all patients with Novacor LVAD prior to transplantation. METHODS: From 1985 to 2006, 37 Novacor LVADs were implanted as BTT, with 30 patients surviving to transplantation (81%). Post-LVAD sensitization was determined for anti-HLA-class I and class II IgGs. Study endpoints were overall survival and/or graft loss, > or =3A cellular rejection and chronic allograft vasculopathy (CAV). The results from LVAD patients were compared to non-LVAD primary heart transplant recipients (n=318). RESULTS: After LVAD insertion, 5 out of 27 patients available for analysis developed anti-HLA antibodies (18.5%). The mean anti-HLA titer after Novacor LVAD implantation was 14% [SD 31]. Actuarial 5- and 10-year patient/graft survival for LVAD and non-LVAD transplant recipients were 73% and 55%, and 70% and 55%, respectively (p=NS). Overall prevalence of rejection > or =3A was 23.3 % (LVAD group) and 18.9% (non-LVAD group) (p=NS). At follow-up, the respective incidence of CAV was 8% (LVAD group) and 32.4% (non-LVAD group) (p<0.01). However, mean follow-up was significantly different for LVAD and non-LVAD patients, 46 vs 90 months (p<0.001). CONCLUSION: In this study, allosensitization occurred infrequently after Novacor LVAD implantation. Secondly, analysis of outcome variables shows that Novacor-LVAD BTT patients can anticipate similar survival to non-LVAD patients, thus minimizing the impact of allosensitization after LVAD implantation.