Alimentation, activité physique et surpoids chez des enfants de l’est Algérien

The prevalence of overweight and obesity were measured in a sample of 251 children aged 8 to 12 year in an urban area of the Eastern part of Algeria. IOTF references are used in order to define overweight and obesity.The overall prevalence of overweight and obesity is 21.5 %. 15.9 %. Overweight alone is found in 15.9% and obesity in 5,6 % of the children. Obese children consume less often a breakfast and less milk than that normal weight children and eat more often high fat, high carbohydrates foods. Mean caloric intakes are similar. Meals and snacking take often place while watching television. Energy percent derived from proteins but not their absolute amount and fat intakes are higher in overweight children. Most of the overweight children (78 %) do not practice any sport activity. Fat intake adjusted on energy intake is positively correlated with sport duration.This preliminary study suggest that childhood obesity is now a public health threat in Algeria.     

急性有机磷中毒患者血清蛋白改变的意义

目的探讨急性有机磷中毒（AOPP）患者血清蛋白改变的临床意义。方法根据患者入院时中毒程度的不同分为轻、中、重度中毒三组，在患者入院3d内采集静脉血3mL做血清总蛋白（TP）、白蛋白（ALB）、球蛋白（GLD）、白球比（A／G）和C-应蛋白（CRP）等项目的检测，并选30例健康查体者作对照（排除一切与蛋白质浓度改变有关的疾病），门诊采血一次，检测项目与方法同疾病组。结果疾病组与健康对照组比较，除轻度中毒组TP、GLD和中度中毒组GLD浓度改变无统计学意义外，其余各项改变均有统计学意义（均P＜0．01）。蛋白质浓度改变与中毒程度有关，不同程度中毒组间检测结果的异常程度比较，各项均呈重度中毒组＞度中毒组＞度中毒组。结论观察蛋白浓度的改变对判断中毒程度、了解机体的损害状况、指导临床治疗有重要帮助。     

严重烧伤患者的营养支持护理

严重烧伤后，机体处于产超高代谢状态，极易引起热能及自身蛋白大量消耗和分解，导致机体负氮平衡。充分有效的营养支持疗法能为机体提供创伤修复所需要的热能和各种营养物质，并可阻止或减少自身蛋白的分解，增强机体免疫力和创面再生修复能力。自2001年来，对68例严重烧伤患者加强了肠内、肠外综合营养支持治疗护理，取得满意效果。现总结如下。     

Liquid food and tongue activity during sleep and waking in C57Br mice

C57Br/co-Orl mice raised from weaning with a liquid food, were evaluated in terms of the quantitative and qualitative aspects of their vigilance states. The circadian amounts and rhythms of slow wave sleep and paradoxical sleep were not significantly different. The rhythmical activity of the tongue was not found to be modified by the type of food.     

Prévention et prise en charge de la dénutrition dans les EHPAD

In order to identify best practices for undernutrition prevention and management in the 597 institutions for the dependent elderly in Pays de la Loire, two questionnaires were sent in early 2009. Three-quarters had a nutritional axis in their care project, 25% worked with a Diet and Nutrition Liaison Committee (CLAN), and 67% with dieticians; 70% had less than 25% of their staff recently trained to food-nutrition for the elderly. Two thirds were conducting detection of malnutrition at admission and during follow-up. There was enough time for meals in 60% cases, and 48% had all their residents who underwent a long overnight fast. Among beneficial environmental factors identified, the nutritional axis in the care project seemed to be a major determinant of food-nutrition practices. In conclusion, these results show the real structures involvement in this field in the region, but some practices must be further improved. Nutritional policies seem to be a major way to achieve.     

神经外科昏迷患者早期胃肠内营养支持

目的：总结神经外科昏迷患早期胃肠内营养支持的疗效。方法：对58例重度脑挫裂伤和42例高血压脑出血术后患，于术后（伤后）48h留置胃管开始肠内营养，结果：各项监测指标均在正常范围，且各种并发症明显降低，结论：对昏迷患行早期胃肠营养可提高免疫力，减少并发症，利于创伤愈合及康复。     

中心静脉导管插管在普外科静脉输液和营养支持患者中的应用管理

目的探讨中心静脉导管插管在普外科创伤、恶性肿瘤晚期和慢性消耗性疾病中的应用价值及其管理。方法132例病人因补充有效循环血容量或长时间肠外营养支持的需要而接受了中心静脉置管,用心电图方法监测导管尖端位置,插八深度参考Madan M方法计算,严格插管过程中的规范操作,插管后进行严格的导管无菌管理。结果所有病人均顺利置管,插入深度及导管尖端位置适宜。128例病人于完成输液后拔除导管,其中2例怀疑导管败血症(catheter related sepsis,CRS)的发热病人,经用0．1moL／L的NaOH冲洗腔及罗氏芬封管2天后,病人体温恢复正常后继续使用中心静脉导管;另外4例中,1例因使用不慎致导管破损而中途拔除,3例因发热怀疑CRS而中途拔除,其中2例诊断为临床CRS。结论正确的插管及管理方法有利于中心静脉导管的使用。