自然组织谐波成像临床应用的研究

目的：研究自然组织谐波对心内膜显示能力和心内结构清晰度的影响。方法： 采用自然组织谐波成像对６７ 例不同患者经胸二维成像进行对比分析。结果：成像理想的２０ 例患者在自然组织谐波和基波成像条件下其心内膜清晰度和心脏结构显示能力无明显差别。４７例成像困难的患者,自然组织谐波成像能明显提高心内膜显示能力,改善心脏结构清晰度,以心尖切面左室外侧壁和前壁心内膜显示能力提高较明显,尤其心尖四腔心切面图像质量改善最佳。结论： 自然组织谐波成像可提高心内膜显示能力和心脏组织结构清晰度, 但并非适用于任何人。     

应用自然组织谐波和彩色多普勒血流显像技术评价集束电极射频治疗肝癌的早期效果

目的 ＮＴＨＩ及ＣＤＦＩ评价肝部射频治疗术早期效果。方法 应用ＮＴＨＩ和ＣＤＦＩ对行集束电极射频治疗肝癌的３５例患者４７个肿块治疗前后１周瘤体的形态学及血供进行观察。结果 射频术后１周,３５例患者４７个肿块中３１个体积缩小,９个 块大小变化不明显,７个肿块较术前增大。低回声肿块变成等回声或强问声肿块,强回声肿块无变化或变化不均质强回声。术前４２个肿块可测及血流信号,术后１９个血流减少,１４个完全消     

介入手术联合口服培哚普利治疗血液透析患者动静脉瘘功能不良的疗效

目的 探讨经皮血管成形术(percutaneous transluminal angioplasty,PTA)治疗血液透析动静脉内瘘狭窄的有效性,比较介入手术后联合培哚普利对再次狭窄率的影响.方法 对17例自体血管动静脉内瘘狭窄患者行血管造影,其中15例行PTA.7例患者PTA术后每日口服培哚普利8 mg,7例患者未服用任何血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂(angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor,ACEI)和血管紧张素Ⅱ受体拮抗剂(angiotensin receptor blocker,ARB).术后对患者进行随访,观察球囊扩张术的并发症、技术成功率、临床成功率和半年通畅率.结果 17例患者均在动静脉内瘘成熟并使用3个月以上发生功能不良,造影见狭窄多位于动静脉吻合口附近及头静脉透析用穿刺段.经PTA治疗后,造影显示狭窄段血管扩张、再通,治疗技术成功率达86.7％ (13/15),临床成功率达93.3％(14/15).2例患者因为导丝无法通过近乎闭塞段血管而选择其他手术方式.穿刺部位血肿2例,无医源性血管破裂,无继发血栓形成.随访6个月,14例获得临床成功的患者内瘘半年通畅率为64.3％,其中培哚普利组发生再次狭窄1例,对照组发生再次狭窄4例.结论 PTA是治疗动静脉内瘘狭窄安全、有效及微创的方法,联合口服培哚普利可能有助于降低术后再次狭窄率.     

高效天然分子疫苗免疫猪血清筛选尾蚴抗原的结果分析

采用日本血吸虫天然分子(Schistosoma japonicum immature egg ws-vaccine,SjiEw)免疫猪血清识别日本血吸虫可溶性尾蚴抗原(Soluble cercariae antigen,SCA),以筛选新的具有保护性免疫潜在价值的抗原分子。按常规方法制备日本血吸虫尾蚴抗原。家猪随机分组并分次免疫日本血吸虫天然分子疫苗,制备SjiEw疫苗免疫猪血清,通过蛋白免疫印迹技术分析其与SCA的免疫反应性。结果显示SDS-PAGE中SCA有16条主带。SjiEw疫苗免疫猪血清共筛选6种具免疫学活性的抗原分子,分子量分别为:50、56、66、68、70、85kDa。这些抗原分子的获得为以后的天然分子编码基因工程疫苗的制备奠定基础。     

Improvement in the endothelium-dependent relaxation in hypercholesterolemic rabbits treated with vitamin E

The authors studied the time course of the vitamin E mediated improvement in endothelium-dependent relaxation in hypercholesterolemic rabbits. A total of 40 male New Zealand white rabbits were randomly assigned to hypercholesterolemic (control) and vitamin E treated groups. The latter group was further divided in three subgroups in accordance with the duration of the vitamin E treatment (2, 4 or 6 days) at the end of the experiment. The dose of vitamin E utilized was 50 IU/day administered once a day by gavage. All the rabbits were fed a diet supplemented with cholesterol (0.5%) and coconut oil (2%) for 4 weeks. At the end of this period, the animals were sacrificed and the aorta removed for determination of the cholesterol and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents. The relaxation of the aortic strips in response to acetylcholine was also studied. In addition, the cholesterol and MDA contents of native and oxidized LDL were measured. At the end of the 4th week, the MDA level was significantly reduced in native and oxidized LDL in the rabbits treated with vitamin E for 2 days, while in aortic tissue a reduction was seen after 4 days of treatment. Endothelium-dependent relaxation improved significantly after 6 days of vitamin E administration, and there was a reduction in the total plasma and aortic cholesterol levels during this same period. We conclude that vitamin E at a dose of 50 IU/day for 6 days improves the endothelium-dependent relaxation seen in hypercholesterolemic rabbits. This effect may be mediated through an antioxidant action on LDL particles and on the aortic arterial wall.     

左心室心肌致密化不全患者致密层心肌Native T1值与基质金属蛋白酶-9的相关性研究

目的:应用心脏核磁共振(CMR)Native T1 mapping定量检测左心室心肌致密化不全(LVNC)患者致密层心肌纤维化程度,并探索该指标与心肌重构指标血清基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)之间的关系.方法:研究纳入2008年12月至2014年6月期间在北京协和医院就诊,经两名资深的心内科医师通过超声心动图检查确诊...     

Research Partnerships between Academic Institutions and American Indian and Alaska Native Tribes and Organizations: Effective Strategies and Lessons Learned in a Multisite CTN Study

Background: Community Based and Tribally Based Participatory Research (CBPR/TPR) are approaches that can be successful for developing ethical and effective research partnerships between academic institutions and Tribes and Native organizations. Objectives: The NIDA Clinical Trials Network funded a multi-site, exploratory study using CBPR/TPR to begin to better understand substance abuse issues of concern to some Tribes and Native organizations as well as strengths and resources that exist in these communities to address these concerns. Attention was paid to the development and maintenance of research partnerships in each of the sites. Methods: Each of the five partnerships is briefly described and common as well as unique challenges and successes are identified. Results: A summary of the common themes for developing these collaborative research efforts is provided. Conclusion: True, collaborative research partnerships require a great deal of time and effort in order to develop mutual trust, understanding, knowledge, and collaboration that will guide research that is rigorous as well as ethical, effective, and culturally appropriate. Scientific Significance: As AIAN communities become increasingly sophisticated partners in, and consumers of, research, CBPR and TPR are emerging as effective, ethical, culturally appropriate, and acceptable approaches. This can serve to improve the science we engage in with AIAN communities, add to the scarce literature regarding AIAN communities, and better serve AIAN communities in addressing health disparities and improving health.     

血铅对细胞免疫黏附功能影响的研究

目的评估血铅对儿童细胞免疫黏附(TRR、TLR、TGR)的影响,探讨血铅对细胞免疫黏附的影响程度以及血铅临界值与细胞免疫黏附的关系。方法根据血铅值将儿童分为3组:≥0.48μmol/L组26例,0.24~0.48μmol/L组40例,<0.24μmol/L组54例。①采用石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定血铅水平。细胞免疫黏附测定采用新鲜血免疫黏附肿瘤细胞花环实验。②血铅与细胞免疫黏附肿瘤细胞的关系采用直线相关分析。结果高铅组与低铅组比较细胞免疫黏附率差异显著。铅分界值越高免疫黏附率改变越明显。①≥0.48μmol/L组儿童TRR和TLR表达明显低于<0.24μmol/L组(t=3.48,2.32,P<0.01)。②血铅值≥0.48μmol/L时血铅水平与TRR、TLR表达呈显著负相关(r=-0.703,-0.606,P<0.01)。结论铅对小儿细胞免疫黏附功能有不良影响,两者存在相关关系。