致癌物诱导恶变细胞中线粒体高变区序列分析

目的检测苯并（a）芘代谢产物反式二羟环氧苯并芘（反式-BPDE）及结晶型硫化镍（NiS）诱发永生化人支气管上皮细胞系（16HBE）恶性转化过程中线粒体DNA控制区序列变化。探讨线粒体DNA控制区在环境致癌物苯并（a）芘及硫化镍致癌作用中是否存在靶分子序列。方法 应用银染PCR-单链构向多态性（SSCP）方法及测序方法分析恶变细胞中线粒体DNA高变区的序列变化。结果 经反式-BPDE和NiS诱导恶变的人支气管上皮细胞系线粒体高变区均未发现异常改变。结论 线粒体基因控制区可能并非是化学致癌物诱发肺癌的靶序列。     

Temporal and spatial distributions of aerial contaminants in an enclosed pig building in winter

Optimal management of indoor air quality in an enclosed swine house, especially in winter, is indispensable for preventing the transmission of infectious respiratory disease to workers and animals. Studies are needed to elucidate the correlation of aerial contaminants and climate factors. It was observed that indoor air contamination in an enclosed pig building was the highest at 2:00--5:00 PM, followed by 8:00--11:00 PM and 8:00--11:00 AM. It was assumed that this was attributed to the increase of swine activities in the afternoon. In general, the concentration of total dust and total airborne bacteria in an enclosed pig building was found to have a significant correlation with temperature and relative humidity (P<0.05). There were significant correlations between total dust and total airborne bacteria, between total dust and ammonia, and between total dust and odor at the 95% confidence level. In conclusion, temperature and total dust concentration correlated significantly with all parameters except hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S). This could have been due to the drying of swine feces due to the increase in interior temperature and the resuspension of feed deposited on the floor of the pig building by the swines' activity, resulting in a high generation of dust that adsorbed and carried the airborne bacteria and odorous compounds in the enclosed pig building. It was proved that an adsorptive capacity of dust for ammonia was higher than for hydrogen sulfide.     

氧疗对急性硫化氢中毒大鼠的心肌和肺及肝组织形态学的影响

目的 评价不同氧疗技术(常压下不同浓度吸氧及高压氧)对急性硫化氢(H2S)中毒大鼠的心肌、肺、肝组织形态学的影响.方法 雄性健康Wistar大鼠100只随机分为5组:正常对照组(吸入空气)、染毒组(H2S静式染毒60 min)、33%氧疗组及50%氧疗组(染毒结束后20 min内,将大鼠移置常压下含氧浓度为33%、50...     

Toxic trace elements at gastrointestinal level

Many trace elements are considered essential [iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu)], whereas others may be harmful [lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), arsenic (As)], depending on their concentration and chemical form. In most cases, the diet is the main pathway by which they enter our organism. The presence of toxic trace elements in food has been known for a long time, and many of the food matrices that carry them have been identified. This has led to the appearance of legislation and recommendations concerning consumption. Given that the main route of exposure is oral, passage through the gastrointestinal tract plays a fundamental role in their entry into the organism, where they exert their toxic effect. Although the digestive system can be considered to be of crucial importance in their toxicity, in most cases we do not know the events that occur during the passage of these elements through the gastrointestinal tract and of ascertaining whether they may have some kind of toxic effect on it. The aim of this review is to summarize available information on this subject, concentrating on the toxic trace elements that are of greatest interest for organizations concerned with food safety and health: Pb, Cd, Hg and As.     

Postranslational Modification of Ion Channels in Colonic Inflammation

Voltage-gated ion channels are key regulators of cell excitability. There is significant evidence that these channels are subject to modulation by redox status of the cells. Here we review the post-translational modifications of ion channels that occur in colonic inflammation. The redox mechanisms involve tyrosine nitration, covalent modification of cysteine residues and sulfhydration by hydrogen sulfide in experimental colitis. In the setting of colonic inflammation, modifications of cysteine and tyrosine are likely to occur at several sites within the same channel complex. In this review we describe alterations in channel function due to specific modifications of tyrosine and cysteine residues by reactive nitrogen, oxygen and hydrogen-sulfide resulting in altered motility.     

豆腐制硫黄过程中所产生的黑色物质成因初探

探讨了硫黄炮制过程中豆腐显黑绿色的原因,还对炮制过程中产生的使豆腐显黑绿色的物质进行了X衍射物相分析和化学定性分析,在此基础上对硫黄的炮制工艺、炮制容器等问题进行了讨论。     

A High‐Sensitivity Coumarin‐Based Fluorescent Probe for Monitoring Hydrogen Sulfide in Living Cells

A novel coumarin‐based fluorescence probe has been constructed for the selective and sensitive detection of hydrogen sulfide (H₂S). This probe displays high sensitivity and linearity to H₂S in degassed PBS buffers and fetal bovine serum. It reacts with H₂S with high selectivity over Cys, GSH, and other anions. Meanwhile, successful detection of H₂S in living cells was also demonstrated.     

川芎嗪注射液对生理状态下大鼠心室组织中硫化氢分泌的影响

目的:探讨川芎嗪注射液对大鼠生理状态下心室组织中硫化氢(H2S)分泌的影响。方法:将8只Wistar大鼠左、右心室剪碎后分为4组;正常对照组和川芎嗪低剂量组(1.5μg/ml)、川芎嗪中剂量组(15μg/ml)、川芎嗪高剂量组(150μg/ml),每组n=8。用Krebs液作为孵育液,放入37℃恒温水浴箱中振荡孵育4h后,用放射免疫法测定孵育液中H2S的含量。结果:左心室组织,川芎嗪低剂量组H2S含量(0.17±0.03)和川芎嗪中剂量组H2S含量(0.17±0.03)与对照组H2S含量(0.19±0.03)相比,无统计学意义,川芎嗪高剂量组H2S含量(0.14±0.02)明显低于对照组H2S含量(0.19±0.03)(P<0.01)。右心室组织,川芎嗪低剂量组H2S含量(0.60±0.11)和川芎嗪中剂量组H2S含量(0.53±0.11)与对照组H2S含量(0.64±0.13)相比,无统计学意义,川芎嗪高剂量组H2S含量(0.46±0.09)明显低于对照组H2S含量(0.64±0.13)(P<0.01)。结论:在生理状态下,大剂量川芎嗪具有抑制心室组织释放H2S的作用。     

2-Chloroethyl ethyl sulfide causes microvesication and inflammation-related histopathological changes in male hairless mouse skin

Sulfur mustard (HD) is a vesicating agent that has been used as a chemical warfare agent in a number of conflicts, posing a major threat in both military conflict and chemical terrorism situations. Currently, we lack effective therapies to rescue skin injuries by HD, in part, due to the lack of appropriate animal models, which are required for conducting laboratory studies to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of promising agents that could potentially be translated in to real HD-caused skin injury. To address this challenge, the present study was designed to assess whether microvesication could be achieved in mouse skin by an HD analog 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide (CEES) exposure; notably, microvesication is a key component of HD skin injury in humans. We found that skin exposure of male SKH-1 hairless mice to CEES caused epidermal-dermal separation indicating microvesication. In other studies, CEES exposure also caused an increase in skin bi-fold thickness, wet/dry weight ratio, epidermal thickness, apoptotic cell death, cell proliferation, and infiltration of macrophages, mast cells and neutrophils in male SKH-1 hairless mouse skin. Taken together, these results establish CEES-induced microvesication and inflammation-related histopathological changes in mouse skin, providing a potentially relevant laboratory model for developing effective countermeasures against HD skin injury in humans.     

氨酪酸在反复热性惊厥脑损伤中的作用

热性惊厥是小儿时期最常见的惊厥性疾病,儿童期患病率3%～4%,约50%的患儿会在今后发热时再次或多次发生热性惊厥。反复热性惊厥过程中,氨酪酸(GABA)作为中枢神经系统重要的抑制性神经递质在海马区有显著改变,并且GABA与气体信号分子一氧化氮、一氧化碳及硫化氢相互调节,平衡兴奋/抑制状态。了解GABA在反复热性惊厥中的变化,能更好地理解其在脑损伤中的作用。