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91.
Activation of mast cells through either Fc603;RI or FcγRI leads to release of mediators contributing to the inflammatory response.
One of the biologic characteristics of mast cells in allergic pathology is that these cells have the capacity to recover and
regranulate after aggregation of Fc603;RI. We have previously demonstrated that the pro-survival protein A1/Bfl-1 is required
for mast cells to survive IgE-mediated activation. In the present study, we have investigated whether human mast cells show
similar induction of bfl-1 and activation-induced survival after aggregation of FcγRI. Human cord blood-derived mast cells were activated by aggregation
of either Fc603;RI or FcγRI, and activation-induced survival and induction of bfl-1 was measured. We found that aggregation of FcγRI-induced expression of bf-1 and caused a comparable activation-induced mast cell survival as Fc603;RI does. These data suggests that activation through
Fc-receptors contribute to mast cell survival during antibody-dependent mast cell mediated inflammatory responses. 相似文献
92.
Human sera contain anti-IgE autoantibodies. Using a human B lymphoblastoid cell line (Wil-2WT cells) and monoclonal murine anti-IgE antibodies (BSW17 and Le27) we investigated a possible role of such anti-IgE antibodies. A 100-fold excess of monoclonal anti-IgE antibodies inhibited binding of 125I labeled IgE to Fc epsilon RII on Wil-2WT cells. Further, both monoclonal anti-IgE antibodies dissociated surface bound IgE from Fc epsilon RII on Wil-2WT cells. However, BSW17 which does not trigger histamine release from human leucocytes, was much more effective in dissociating Fc epsilon RII bound IgE than Le27 which triggers histamine release. These results may suggest that naturally occurring IgG anti-IgE antibodies are able to inhibit binding of IgE to its receptor. 相似文献
93.
Leon F. Tseng Becky Henneberry Keith A. Collins 《Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology》1995,351(5):464-468
The antinociception induced by -endorphin given supraspinally has been previously demonstrated to be mediated by the stimulation of 603.gif" alt="epsiv" align="BASELINE" BORDER="0">-, but not -, - or -opioid receptors in rats and mice. The present study was designed to determine what types of opioid receptors in the spinal cord are involved in the antinociception induced by intrathecally (i.t.) administered -endorphin. Antinociception was assessed by the tailflick test in male Sprague-Dawley rats. CTOP (0.9–6.6 nmol), a selective -opioid receptor antagonist, or nor-BNI(13.6–95.3 nmol), a selective -opioid receptor antagonist, given i.t. dose-dependently reversed i.t. administered -endorphin-induced inhibition of the tail-flick response. On the other hand, naltrindole (6.6–44.4 nmol), a selective -opioid receptor antagonist, or -endorphin (1–27) (1–6.7 nmol), a selective 603.gif" alt="epsiv" align="BASELINE" BORDER="0">-opioid receptor antagonist given i.t., did not antagonize the inhibition of the tail-flick response induced by i.t. administered -endorphin. The results are consistent with the previous study in mice [Tseng LF and Collins KA (1992) Eur J Pharmacol 214: 59–65] that the antinociception induced by -endorphin given i.t. is mediated by the stimulation of - and -, but not - and 603.gif" alt="epsiv" align="BASELINE" BORDER="0">-opioid receptors.Abbreviations i.t.
Intrathecal
- CTOP
D-Phe-Cys-Tyr-D-Try-Orn-Thr-Pen-Thr-NH2
- nor-BNI
Norbinaltorphimine 相似文献
94.
《British journal of haematology》2017,177(2):243-253
This phase 1/2 study evaluated the safety, pharmacokinetic behavior and anti‐tumour activity of ublituximab, a unique type I, chimeric, glycoengineered anti‐CD 20 monoclonal antibody, in rituximab‐relapsed or ‐refractory patients with B‐cell non‐Hodgkin lymphoma (B‐NHL ) or chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL ). Induction therapy (doses of 450–1200 mg) consisted of 4 weekly infusions in cycle 1 for NHL and 3 weekly infusions in cycles 1 and 2 for CLL . Patients received ublituximab maintenance monthly during cycles 3–5, then once every 3 months for up to 2 years. Enrolled patients with B‐NHL (n = 27) and CLL (n = 8) had a median of 3 prior therapies. No dose‐limiting toxicities or unexpected adverse events (AE s) occurred. The most common AE s were infusion‐related reactions (40%; grade 3/4, 0%); fatigue (37%; grade 3/4, 3%); pyrexia (29%; grade 3/4, 0%); and diarrhoea (26%; grade 3/4, 0%). Common haematological AE s were neutropenia (14%; grade 3/4, 14%) and anaemia (11%; grade 3/4, 6%). The overall response rate for evaluable patients (n = 31) was 45% (13% complete responses, 32% partial responses). Median duration of response and progression‐free survival were 9·2 months and 7·7 months, respectively. Ublituximab was well‐tolerated and efficacious in a heterogeneous and highly rituximab‐pre‐treated patient population. 相似文献
95.
D. Kaur P. Berger S. M. Duffy C. E. Brightling P. Bradding 《Clinical and experimental allergy》2005,35(2):226-233
BACKGROUND: Mast cells contribute to the pathogenesis of asthma and allergy through the release of a plethora of pro-inflammatory mediators and cytokines. Their study is hampered by the difficult access to human tissue samples. Human mast cells have been cultured from CD34+ progenitors in the bone marrow of normal volunteers following iliac crest bone marrow biopsy but this is invasive. Hip bone marrow could provide a more convenient less invasive source of mast cell progenitors. OBJECTIVE: To characterize mast cells cultured from human bone marrow obtained at routine hip surgery. METHODS: Mononuclear cells were isolated from the bone marrow reamings of patients undergoing routine hip replacement surgery and were cultured with recombinant stem cell factor (SCF), IL-6 and IL-10. Cell surface markers were examined using flow cytometry, protease expression monitored using immunohistochemistry, histamine measured by radioenzymic assay, Ca2+ responses analysed using ratiometric Ca2+ imaging, and ion currents recorded via the patch-clamp technique. RESULTS: Mast cells were absent at baseline, but accounted for 65 +/- 7% of cells after 8-12 weeks of culture, equating to a mean 0.6 +/- 0.14 x 10(6) mast cells per culture. Fifty-three percent of tryptase+ cells also contained chymase. The remaining cells comprised a population of large CD1a+ HLA-DR+ and Fc epsilon RI alpha+ cells, most likely dendritic cells. All mast cells expressed CD117 and the high-affinity IgE receptor alpha-chain (Fc epsilon RI alpha) constitutively, and developed a Ca2+ response following IgE-dependent activation. These cells exhibited 7.8 +/- 2.9% net IgE-dependent histamine release, and demonstrated a similar ion channel profile to human lung mast cells. In particular, the intermediate conductance Ca(2+)-activated K+ channel opened following IgE-dependent activation. CONCLUSIONS: Mast cells grown from human hip marrow provide a rich non-invasive source of functionally mature mast cells. In addition, this culture system may be useful for the generation of Fc epsilon RI alpha+ dendritic cells. 相似文献
96.
Results of Transplantation of Kidneys Procured From Donors After Brain Death Aged 60 Years and Older
S. Franczyk D. Skrabaka E. Jędrusik J. Ziaja A. Kolonko R. Świder S. Sekta J. Czerwiński A.J. Owczarek M. Durlik A. Więcek L. Cierpka R. Król 《Transplantation proceedings》2018,50(6):1674-1679
Objective
To analyze results of transplantation of kidneys procured from donors after brain death aged 60 years and older (hereafter denoted by “≥60”) compared to kidneys procured from donors after brain death aged 40–59 years (hereafter denoted by “40–59”) in medium-term follow-up period, and to assess factors that affect recipient and kidney graft survival.Material and methods
92 transplant recipients of kidneys procured from donors after brain death ≥60 were enrolled into the study. The control group were 363 recipients of kidneys procured from donors after brain death 40–59.Results
Mean values of serum creatinine were higher in recipients of kidneys procured from donors after brain death ≥60 compared to control after 3 years: 168.2 ± 57.5 (n = 59) vs 147.9 ± 65.7 (n = 294), P < .05; and after 5 years: 196.2 ± 95.3 (n = 38) vs 157.3 ± 80.0 μmol/L (n = 211), P < .01. Restricted mean recipient survival time was 56.4 (95% confidence interval: 55.0–57.8) and 52.0 (48.0–56.1) months, P < .05; and kidney graft survival time was 51.6 (49.6–53.5) and 43.9 (39.0–48.9) months, P < .01 in recipients who received kidneys from donors after brain death 40–59 and from donors after brain death ≥60 respectively. In Cox regression, donor death due to cardiovascular disease proved to be the factor increasing risk of kidney graft loss (hazard ratio 1.553, P < .001).Conclusions
The survival and function of kidneys procured from donors after brain death ≥60 at medium-term follow-up remain worse compared to kidneys procured from donors after brain death 40–59, and the donor dependent risk factor of kidney graft loss is cardiovascular disease, which caused donor death. 相似文献97.
Dhamodharan Umapathy Sireesh Dornadula Arvind Rajagopalan Narayana Murthy Vairamani Mariappanadar Rajesh Kesavan Ramkumar Kunka Mohanram 《Journal of vascular surgery》2018,67(4):1283-1291.e2
Objective
Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU), the major complication associated with diabetes mellitus, has been shown to precede amputation in up to 90% of cases. Recent data reveal that procalcitonin (PCT) is a valid marker for the diagnosis of bacterial infections compared with traditional markers like white blood cell count, C-reactive protein levels, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate in DFU patients. Furthermore, cytokines are proposed to act as modulators and mediators for the expression and release of PCT into the circulation. Hence, this preliminary study was conducted to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of PCT compared with other traditional markers and to predict the association of PCT plasma levels with inflammatory cytokines and clinical parameters of incident diabetes among South Indian DFU subjects.Methods
There were 185 subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) selected in this cross-sectional study, subdivided into three groups: group I, control/T2DM subjects free from DFU (n = 75; male, 43; female, 32); group II, T2DM subjects with noninfected DFU (n = 34; male, 19; female, 15); and group III, T2DM subjects with infected DFU (IDFU; n = 76; male, 46; female, 30). Patients with IDFU were further divided into three subgroups as per the Infectious Diseases Society of America-International Working Group on the Diabetic Foot classification criteria: grade 2 (n = 27), grade 3 (n = 38), and grade 4 (n = 11). Subjects with type 1 diabetes, gestational diabetes, pneumonia, sepsis, inflammatory bowel disease, meningitis, or hematologic diseases and those who underwent surgery in the past 2 to 3 weeks were excluded from this study. For investigation of clinical parameters, blood samples were drawn from all the study subjects; plasma samples were used for estimating PCT by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. The profiling of plasma cytokines was carried out using a multiplex bead-based assay. Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation for clinical and biochemical variables and as geometric mean with 95% confidence interval (CI) for cytokines. All analysis was done using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (version 20.0; IBM Corp, Armonk, NY); P < .05 was considered to be statistically significant.Results
We found PCT to be a valid diagnostic marker for IDFU with higher sensitivity and specificity than other traditional markers. For PCT, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was found to be high (0.99; 95% CI, 0.96-1.0), followed by C-reactive protein levels (0.78; 95% CI, 0.65-0.81), white blood cell count (0.76; 95% CI, 0.67-0.86), and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (0.74; 95% CI, 0.68-0.80) in IDFU subjects. We found the cutoff value of ≥0.5 ng/mL to have 54% sensitivity and 100% specificity for PCT with a positive predictive value of 100% and a negative predictive value of 12% for IDFU diagnosis. Moreover, PCT circulatory levels showed a positive correlation with helper T-cell subtype 1 cytokines, such as interferon γ (r = 0.21; P = .03) and interleukin 28A (r = 0.31; P = .003), and subtype 17 cytokines, such as interleukin 29/interferon λ1 (r = 0.20; P = .037).Conclusions
PCT could be a valuable marker for diagnosis of T2DM patients with IDFU. 相似文献98.
Participant modeling, symbolic modeling, and graduated exposure were compared with each other and with two control treatments for effectiveness in reducing fear of dentistry in 33 adults who had avoided dental treatment for from 1 to 10 yr. Assessment of in-chair psychological responsiveness and overt behavior showed no significant pre-post change for any group although all of them reported significant reduction in state anxiety and expected pain. During the 24 months following treatment, from 50 to 87.5% of the subjects were able to return to regular dental care with the highest “return” rate appearing in the participant modeling condition. 相似文献
99.
100.
T. Hultsch P. Brand S. Lohmann J. Saloga R. L. Kincaid J. Knop 《Archives of dermatological research》1998,290(5):258-263
Abstract Fc εRI-mediated exocytosis of preformed mediators from mast cells and basophils (e.g. histamine, serotonin, beta-hexosaminidase)
is sensitive to the immunosuppressants cyclosporin A and FK506 (IC
50
200 and 4 n
M
, respectively) but not rapamycin. The mechanism of inhibition does not appear to involve tyrosine phosphorylation, hydrolysis
of inositol phosphates or calcium flux. Here we report experiments using a molecular approach to assess the role of calcineurin,
a serine/threonine phosphatase thought to be the primary pharmacological target of these drugs. Calcineurin’s activity requires
association of its catalytic (A) subunit with an intrinsic regulatory (B) subunit. We hypothesized that calcineurin-sensitive
signalling events should be affected by the depletion of calcineurin B subunits, thereby reducing the number of active A:B
complexes. We therefore transfected rat basophilic leukemia (RBL) cells with an inhibitory (dominant negative) form of the
calcineurin A subunit, which binds the calcineurin B subunit with high affinity but does not possess catalytic activity (B
subunit knock-out, BKO). In these transfected cells, the dose-response curve for the inhibition of FcεRI-mediated exocytosis
by FK506 was shifted to the left, indicating an increased drug sensitivity of BKO-transfected cells. We conclude that FK506
inhibition of FcεRI-mediated exocytosis in mast cells specifically targets calcineurin activity.
Received: 3 September 1997 相似文献