药用丁基胶塞中抗氧剂BHT的UPLC法测定

摘 要 目的：建立超高效液相色谱法（UPLC）测定药用丁基胶塞中的2,6 二叔丁基对甲基苯酚（BHT）的含量。方法: 采用二氯甲烷 甲醇（1 ∶〖KG-*4〗1）为提取溶剂,利用超高效液相色谱法对BHT含量进行测定。色谱柱：资生堂CAPCELLPAK C18 （200 mm×50 mm ,2 μm）;流动相：乙腈 水 异丙醇（55 ∶〖KG-*4〗35 ∶〖KG-*4〗10）;流速：0.4 ml ·min-1;检测波长：280 nm;柱温：40℃;进样量：3 μl。结果: 抗氧剂BHT在0.2 50.0 μg ·ml-1浓度范围内线性关系良好（r=0.999 9）,平均回收率97.3%（RSD=1.4%,n=9）。结论: 该方法灵敏快速、结果准确,可用于测定药用丁基胶塞中BHT的含量。     

Effects of copper-phenanthroline on pentachlorophenol-induced adaptation and cell death of Escherichia coli

Objective To evaluate the effects of copper-phenanthroline(CuOP) on pentachlorophenol(PCP)-induced adaptation and cell death of Escherichia coli. Methods Bacterial growth and adaptation to PCP were monitored spectrophotometrically at 600 nm. Inactivation of bacterial cells was determined from colony count on agar dishes. Cellular ATP content and accumulation of PCP were assessed by chemiluminescence and HPLC analysis respectively. The formation of PCP-Cu-OP complex was shown by UV-visible spectra. Results Escherichia coli(E. coli) could adapt to PCP,a wood preservative and insecticide used in agriculture. The adaptation of E. coli to PCP prevented its death to the synergistic cytotoxicity of CuOP plus PCP and declined cellular accumulation and uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation of PCP. Furthermore,CuOP and PCP neither produced reactive oxygen species(ROS) nor had a synergistic effect on uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation in E. coli. The synergistic cytotoxicity of CuOP and PCP in E. coli might be due to the formation of lipophilic PCP-Cu-OP complex. Conclusion Our data suggested that adaptation of E. coli to PCP decreased the synergistic effects of CuOP and PCP on prokaryotic cell death due to the formation of lipophilic PCP-Cu-OP complex,but it had no effect on the uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation and production of reactive oxygen species in E. coli.     

Reductive dechlorination of p-chlorophenol by nanoscale iron

Objective To investigate reductive dechlorination of 4-chlorophenol (4-CP) by nanoscale Fe0 under different conditions. Methods Nanoscale Fe0 was synthesized by using reductive method. 4-CP and its intermediate products were analyzed by HPLC. Chlorine ion was quantified with DX-100 ion chromatograph. Nano-iron particles were observed under a FEI Quanta 200 FEG environmental scanning electron microscope (ESEM). Results The size of the particles was in the range of 10-100 nm. The nano-iron particles could reduce 4-CP effectively. The initial concentration of 4-CP increased with the decrease of the relative degradation rate, whereas the reduced amount of 4-CP increased. Temperature could influence both the dechlorination rate and the reaction pathway. Moreover, the stability and durability of nanoscale Fe0 was evaluated through batch studies over extended periods of time. Conclusion The nanoscale Fe0 can be used for sustainable treatment of contaminants in groundwater.     

自制海棉消毒液垫在手术中的应用

消毒隔离灭菌是手术室工作的基础，是预防院内交叉感染的中心环节，手术室制定了严格的规章制度，并在手术室人口设过渡清洁区，放置海绵消毒液垫，目的使进人手术室人口处拖鞋及手术推车（轮）进行一过性化学消毒剂浸润，以达到清洁消毒的目的，过去我科一直采用布类消毒液垫，在实践中存在许多弊端，如布类消毒液含量少，经多次探索和改革，我们自制海绵消毒液垫，经过临实践应用收到良好效果。     

不同消毒与固定方法在静脉留置针应用中的比较

目的观察采用不同皮肤消毒液及不同输液贴固定在静脉留置针应用中的效果.方法将268例患者随机分为4组,即A、B、C、D 4组,每组均为67例患者,4组患者各采用不同的消毒与固定方法,对比观察第2日、第4日输液贴脱落情况.结果A组与B组、C组与D组、A组与C组、B组与D组的脱落例次数之间差异有统计学意义（p〈0.05）.结论A组即采用2%碘酊和75%酒精消毒皮肤后用3M无菌透明输液贴固定静脉留置针的方法为最佳方法.     

对医院感染监测结果的分析与探讨

随着医学科学技术的进步和发展，各种诊疗措施的建立，特别是介入诊断和治疗手段的采用以及抗菌药物的广泛应用，大量耐药菌株的出现等，尤其是今年的SARS流行期间，使医院感染日益成为一个严峻的问题。有关统计资料表明，医院感染的发生率在10％左右，据推算每年用于医院感染的额外支出为40亿人民币。医院感染管理是医院管理工作的重要内容，对医     

C型高效净在移植病房空气消毒中的对比研究

器官移植术后早期，病人住在无菌隔离病房，需严格隔离2—3周，以避免应用免疫抑制剂后免疫功能低下引发感染。以往隔离病室在病人手术入住前，采用甲醛空气熏蒸消毒。但是甲醛刺激性大、毒副作用强，本文采用C型高效净消毒液空气消毒，并将消毒效果与甲醛做比较研究。     

吸痰器与吸痰管接管2种处理方法的比较

吸痰操作规程中要求，暂停吸痰时，连接吸引器与吸痰导管的玻璃接管应用无菌生理盐水清洗后置于消毒液瓶或试管内备用。但在如何放置接管方面，实际操作中发现，接管放置在消毒液瓶中不够稳定，经常脱出掉在地上而造成污染，影响正常使用及造成浪费。为解决这一问题，我们用一次性1ml注射器代替玻璃接管，用一次性头皮针做成针座来放置和保护吸引器与吸痰管间的接管，并与将接管放于消毒液的方法来比较，现报道如下。     

84消毒液备皮临床观察

随机抽取骨科手术患者３０例，采用８４消毒液备皮，备皮前、后进行细菌学监测，并与１９９５年用肥皂水备皮病例的切口愈合情况进行比较。结果显示：用８４消毒液备皮，术后切口感染率低。     

北苍术多糖的酶法辅助超声提取工艺的优化及其体外抗肿瘤活性研究

目的通过生物酶解技术优化北苍术多糖的酶辅助超声提取方法,并考察其体外抗肿瘤活性。方法选用纤维素酶和果胶酶水解北苍术药材,酶解后采用超声法提取北苍术药材中多糖。以多糖得率为指标,在单因素试验的基础上采用4个因素(酶用量、酶解时间、酶解pH值、酶解温度)3个水平L9(34)正交设计法对酶解条件进行优选,并选用苯酚–浓硫酸法测定多糖,采用MTS、台盼蓝法对北苍术粗多糖体外抗肿瘤活性进行初探。结果最佳酶解条件为酶用量为药材1.2%、在60℃、pH 5条件下酶解50 min,再以超声提取40 min,北苍术多糖的得率为32.29%,所提粗多糖对HeLa细胞增殖的抑制率为64.42%。结论酶解辅助超声提取北苍术中多糖简便易行,可以提高多糖得率,多糖活性较好。