低蛋白饮食对环孢素A肾病大鼠肾间质纤维化的作用

Objective To investigate whether low-protein diet has protective effect on the progression of renal interstitial fibrosis in rats with cyclosporine A (CsA)-induced nephropathy. Methods Eighteen male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups (6 rats in each group). The rats in control group (C group) received common diet; in model group (M group) low-salt diet; in intervention group (Ⅰ group) low-salt and low-protein diet. After diet adaptation period of one week, the rats in C group received subcutaneous injection of olive oil 1 mg/kg daily for 5 weeks, while M group and Ⅰ group subcutaneous injection of CsA (diluted into 25 g/L with olive oil) 1 ml/kg for 5 weeks. All the rats were sacrificed at the end of the 5th week. The food-intake and body weight were measured daily. The creatinine clearance (Ccr) was examined before rats were sacrificed. The semi-quantitative pathological analysis on kidney sections was performed. The mRNA and protein expression of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-βI) and type Ⅰ collagen (Col Ⅰ) in kidney tissue was determined with real time PCR and immunohistochemical staining, respectively. Results The food-intake and body weight of rats in M and I groups were significantly lower than those in C group (P<0.05). Compared with C group, the Ccr levels in M and Ⅰ groups were significantly reduced [(0.65±0.15) ml/min, (0.40+0.13) ml/min vs (1.55±0.29) ml/min, P<0.05], the relative fibrosis areas of kidney interstitium in M and I groups were significantly increased (3.60%±0.46%, 3.26%±0.75% vs 0.44%±0.24%, P<0.05), the mRNA and protein expression of TGF-β1 in M and I group was significantly up-regulated (by 2.6 and 3.1 times in mRNA and by 1.5 and 1.6 times in protein, respectively, P<0.05), and the mRNA and protein expression of Col Ⅰ in M and I groups was also significantly up-regulated (by 3.0 and 3.5 times in mRNA and by 2.3 and 2.1 times in protein, respectively, P<0.05). There were no significant differences between M and I groups in every parameters above-mentioned except the rat body weight and Ccr. Both the body weight and Ccr in Ⅰ group were significantly lower than those in M group (P<0.05). Compared with C group, the urine osmotic pressure in M group and in I group were deceased (for M group, P>0.05; for I group, P<0.05). Compared with C group, the serum cholesterol levels in M and I groups were significantly increased (P<0.05), and the serum phosphorus level in I group was significantly decreased (P<0.05). The levels of serum albumin and serum calcium of all three groups had no statistical differences (P>0.05). Conclusion Low-protein diet has no renoprutective effects on the rat model of cyclosporin A nephropathy, on the contrary, may induce body weight loss.     

复发脑膜瘤血管内皮生长因子及增殖细胞核抗原的表达

目的探讨脑膜瘤细胞增殖能力、肿瘤复发与血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）蛋白表达之间的关系。方法应用免疫组织化学方法检测36例复发脑膜瘤及30例原发脑膜瘤标本的VEGF和增殖细胞核抗原（PCNA）表达。结果复发脑膜瘤VEGF蛋白阳性表达率89％（32／36）明显高于原发脑膜瘤43％（13／30）（X2=25．59，P〈0．01）。复发脑膜瘤PCNA指数（65．72±9．22）高于原发脑膜瘤（20．81±7．43，P〈0．05）。VEGF蛋白表达强阳性、弱阳性及阴性者的PCNA指数分别为78．64±10．02、49．45±8．31、6．23±1．45，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。结论VEGF蛋白的表达水平与脑膜瘤的复发和增殖能力有关，VEGF蛋白表达水平可能是脑膜瘤复发的预测指标之一。     

IFN-γ在肺损伤纤维化中的研究进展

肺损伤纤维化是一个复杂的病理生理过程，近年来研究表明许多细胞因子参与了其反应，其中γ-干扰素(IFN-γ)是一类由活化的淋巴细胞分泌的在宿主防御系统中起重要作用的细胞因子。IFN-γ在肺损伤纤维化的病理过程中表达增加，并和白细胞介素-12、肿瘤坏死因子-α、白细胞介素-13、转化生长因子-β、结缔组织生长因子有相互调节作用。IFN-γ通过与细胞因子的相互作用抑制促纤维化细胞因子(转化生长因子-β及结缔组织生长因子)的表达、抑制细胞外基质的沉积而在肺及肺外器官中发挥其抗纤维化作用，本文就这方面的研究进展作一概述。     

肝细胞生长因子在肾移植中的应用

肝细胞生长因子是一种多效性因子,对多种器官的不同类型细胞均有生物学作用。本文对其近年来在肾移植中的广泛应用及意义作一综述。     

维吾尔族TLBW胎盘组织中EGFR异常表达的研究

目的探讨表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)在维吾尔族足月低出生体重儿(TLBW)的胎盘组织中表达的分子病理学意义,为维吾尔族TLBW的发病学及优生优育提供重要的分子生物学指标,为预防和治疗TLBW提供有意义的科学依据.方法应用免疫组化法检测40例维吾尔族TLBW的胎盘组织,各20例维吾尔族正常儿及巨大儿胎盘组织中的EGFR的表达强度及变化规律,并对比其差异.结果①三组中孕妇年龄及孕周无显著差异,胎盘重量TLBW组显著低于正常组和巨大儿组(P<0.01),而正常组又低于巨大儿组,差异有显著性(P<0.01).②EGFR在TLBW组中表达密度较正常组与巨大儿组增强,差异有显著性(P<0.01),而正常组与巨大儿组间差异无显著性(P>0.05).③EGFR与体重显著相关(P<0.01).结论①维吾尔族新生儿体重与胎盘重量呈显著正相关,而与年龄、孕周无密切关系.②EGFR与胎盘发育及胎儿生长发育密切相关,它们的异常表达可能是导致胎盘功能不良,造成足月低出生体重儿发生的重要原因之一.     

Eltrombopag积极的试验结果

GlaxoSmithKline公司的eltrombopag（过去称SB-497115）（Ⅰ）可能是首个治疗血小板减少症的口服血小板生长因子。     

碱性成纤维细胞生长因子mRNA表达与微血管密度和胃癌的发展及预后

我们应用原位分子杂交和免疫组织化学技术检测人胃癌组织中碱性成纤维细胞生长因子 (ｂＦＧＦ)表达和微血管密度 (ＭＶＤ) ,分析ｂＦＧＦ与ＭＶＤ及其与胃癌各临床病理指标和预后的关系。一、材料与方法1.组织材料 :1986～ 1996年本院外科切除胃癌标本 12 4例 ,所有标本均经常规甲醛固定 ,石蜡包埋 ,连续切片 ,分别供ＨＥ、原位分子杂交检测和免疫组织化学染色 ,选择正常胃黏膜 2 0例作为对照。2 .临床资料 :本组 12 4例胃癌标本 ,手术前均未行放化疗。按ＷＨＯ 1997年胃癌分类标准 :乳头状腺癌 2 2例 ,管状腺癌 5 5例 ,黏液腺癌 6例 ,印戒…     

血管内皮生长因子与妊娠高血压综合征发病的关系

目的　探讨血管内皮生长因子 (VEGF)在妊娠高血压综合征发病中的作用。方法　分别采用酶联免疫吸附试验检测 40例妊高征孕妇的血清VEGF水平 ,免疫组化检测胎盘及蜕膜组织VEGF及CD3 4表达情况 ,35例正常孕妇作对照。结果　①妊高征组孕妇的外周血VEGF水平及胎盘组织MVD明显低于正常妊娠组 (P <0 0 5 ) ;②两组胎盘绒毛滋养叶细胞和蜕膜组织中均有VEGF阳性表达 ,胎盘组织强阳性表达高于蜕膜。与对照组比较 ,其胎盘组织VEGF强阳性表达的轻度妊高征无显著性差异 ;而中度和重度妊高征与对照组相比 ,则明显降低 ,差异显著 (P <0 0 5 )。各组孕妇蜕膜组织中VEGF的表达强度和差异无显著性。③孕妇外周血VEGF水平与新生儿出生体重 (r =0 2 9,P <0 0 5 )和胎盘重量 (r =0 34,P <0 0 1)均存在直线正相关关系。结论　妊高征患者血清VEGF水平和胎盘组织MVD降低 ,胎盘组织VEGF表达明显下降 ,都可能在妊高征的发病中起一定的作用。     

酪氨酸激酶抑制剂对气管上皮细胞生长的影响

目的探讨酪氨酸激酶抑制剂(Tyrosine kinase inhibitor,TKI)对培养气管上皮细胞生长的影响.方法通过MMT法、3H-胸腺嘧啶(3H-TdR)掺入法及流式细胞计数,观察3种TKIs:Tyrphostin AG1478、Genistein(Sigma)及金转停对原代培养的大鼠气管上皮细胞增殖、周期及凋亡的影响,以及TKIs对表皮生长因子(EGF)的阻断作用.结果MTT法显示3种TKI均对气管上皮细胞的生长具有时间和剂量依赖性抑制作用,同时,TKI阻断EGF对气管上皮细胞生长的刺激作用,3种TKIs的作用无明显差异;1μmol/L的Tyrphostin AG1478、Genistein及金转停分别使气管上皮细胞的TdR掺入率降低18.3%、20.9%及19.7%,与MTT比色法结果一致.同时,Tyrphostin AG1478不仅加速气管上皮细胞的凋亡而且阻止细胞有丝分裂.TKIs可阻断表皮生长因子(EGF)对气管上皮细胞生长的刺激作用.结论TKIs不仅抑制对原代培养的大鼠气管上皮细胞的生长,加速其凋亡,而且可阻断EGF对气管上皮细胞生长的刺激作用,3种抑制剂的作用无明显差异.