北京市五所高校大学生对艾滋病/性病防治干预需求的定性研究

目的 探讨大学生对AIDS/STD预防教育/干预的看法和需求。方法 应用专题小组讨论(FGDs)方法。结果 14组FGDs结果表明:“恐艾症”和“认为AIDS离大学生很遥远”两种不同方向的认知在大学生中普遍存在;高校开展AIDS/STD防治干预活动是学生的共同愿望和需求;绝大多数学生主张干预内容应与性/生殖健康教育相结合,并强烈呼吁增加安全性行为(尤为避孕套知识和技能)教育的内容。干预活动易采用多种形式并用,以便具有不同特征的对象自主选择他们所喜欢的方式。另外,学生建议利用大众媒体创造良好的社会支持环境。结论 大学生对AIDS/STD预防教育的看法为有效地设计和实施教育项目提供了重要依据。在首都大学生中开展包括性教育在内的综合AIDS/STD防治干预活动势在必行。     

乙型肝炎病毒携带产妇健康教育需求调查与对策

目的 了解住院乙型肝炎病毒携带产妇健康教育需求情况,为采取针对性护理干预措施提供实验依据,以便更好地做好产妇的健康教育.方法 对120例住院乙型肝炎病毒携带产妇进行问卷调查测试,了解产妇对健康教育内容的需求和对健康教育方式的选择.结果 乙型肝炎病毒携带产妇对健康教育内容的需求分别位列第1、2、3位的依次是:预防婴儿感染方法的隔离知识、婴儿喂养知识、婴儿乙肝免疫预防接种知识;对健康教育方式的需求分别位列第1、2、3位的依次是:护理人员与孕产妇个别交谈、热线电话咨询、病区设立宣传栏.结论 通过采取针对性健康教育内容和教育方式,提高了护理服务质量和产妇的满意度.     

首发精神分裂症患者的心理障碍特点及其影响因素——附483例分析

目的:探讨首发精神分裂症患者的心理障碍特点及其影响因素.方法:对483例首发精神分裂症患者(病例组)及100名健康对照者(对照组)进行症状自评量表-90(symptom check list-90,SCL-90)及EPQ评定,比较2组的差异,并以病例组SCL-90的总分以及因子分作为因变量,EPQ各因子分、年龄、性别、文化程度、病程等作为自变量,进行逐步多元回归分析.结果:病例组SCL-90总分及各因子分均高于对照组(均为P＜0.01).病例组EPQ的情绪稳定性、精神质和掩饰性因子分均显著高于对照组(P＜0.05～P＜0.01),内外向分值则低于对照组(P＜0.05).EPQ的各因子以及年龄、性别、文化程度分别与SCL-90总分或部分因子分相关(均为P＜0.05).结论:首发精神分裂症患者心理障碍较明显;个性特征、年龄、性别、文化程度等多种因素对患者心理状况有影响.     

中国与日本护理本科生评判性思维能力的比较

目的对中国与日本护理本科生的评判性思维能力进行比较性研究.方法采用加利佛尼亚评判性思维倾向量表为研究工具.应用方便抽样法共抽取465名护理本科生为研究对象.结果中国及日本护理本科生的总得分平均为275.62 (s=22.70), 从总体上来说这两个国家护理本科生的评判性思维能力为中等水平,中国学生的评判性思维能力略高于日本学生,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05 ).结论评判性思维能力与教育体制及文化背景有一定的关系.     

Interprofessional education in an enrichment programme for prospective health sciences students

Effective and meaningful interprofessional education opportunities for prospective health sciences students are important to prepare students for the work environment they will encounter after training. This article briefly describes the Summer Academic Enrichment Program, a programme for students pursuing entry to dentistry, medicine, pharmacy, and physical therapy schools. The programme evaluation includes investigation of the programme’s effectiveness to impact attitudes towards interprofessional teams and collaboration. The Attitudes Toward Health Care Teams Scale and the Revised Readiness for Interprofessional Learning Scale were administered at the beginning and the end of the programme. Statistical analysis of pre-assessment subscale scores indicated that pre-pharmacy students reported significantly more positive attitudes towards team value than pre-dental students at the beginning of the programme, with post-assessment results indicating that these differences had been eliminated. Additionally, all students demonstrated significantly more positive attitudes towards interprofessional teams during the post-assessment.     

临床路径在腰椎间盘摘除术患者健康教育中应用的效果观察

目的：探讨应用临床路径对腰椎间盘摘除术患者实施健康教育的效果。方法：将70例患者随机分为实验组和对照组各35例,对照组接受常规健康教育,实验组按照临床路径方法进行健康教育,比较两组患者健康教育的效果。结果：实验组患者在掌握相关知识、技能、认知和行为改变的程度均高于对照组（P〈0.05）;患者满意度提高了17.1%;平均住院日及平均住院费用均低于对照组（P〈0.01）。结论：应用临床路径对椎间盘摘除术患者实施健康教育可改善健康教育的效果,提高患者满意度、降低医疗费用和缩短住院日。     

Treatment of corneal chemical alkali burns with a crosslinked thiolated hyaluronic acid film

Purpose

The study objective was to test the utilization of a crosslinked, thiolated hyaluronic acid (CMHA-S) film for treating corneal chemical burns.

护理本科生创新能力培养的实践教学改革探索

在对基础护理实践教学的各个环节进行分析的基础上，针对护理本科生创新能力培养的要求，从实践教学的各个层面，包括教学观念、培养模式、教学内容、教学方法，以及教学效果的考核评价等，提出改革思路和方法，以使高等护理教学改革广泛开展，从而促进创新型高素质护理人才培养目标的实现。     

Curriculum Model, Course Development, and Evaluation of Substance Misuse Education for Health Care Professionals

Several national and international reports and positional papers from professional organizations worldwide have highlighted the urgent need to develop education and training courses for nurses and other health care professionals in substance misuse and addictive behavior at undergraduate and postgraduate levels. In addition, the development of courses, both in quantity and quality, in selected centers has not matched the corresponding growth of drug and alcohol related problems. This paper describes the development of a multi-professional course for non-addictions specialists leading to a Certificate in Substance Misuse in England. It aims to examine the value of the Beattie Curriculum Model in the development of an educational program in the management of substance misusers. Two evaluative instruments were tested for their psychometric properties and used to evaluate the efficacy and success of the program. Preliminary evaluations of the course suggest that aims of the course were met and that there was among participants an increase in confidence in working with substance misusers.