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1.
20世纪后半叶美国高等医学教育改革历程 总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12
张艳荣 《Zhonghua yi shi za zhi (Beijing, China : 1980)》2006,36(1):33-37
美国现代高等医学教育模式的确立是以20世纪初Flexner报告发表为开端的。第二次世界大战前,现代高等医学教育体系已基本完善,并经历了二战的考验。二战后,随着社会和医学发展,美国高等医学教育一直在进行着改革。按照时间顺序在50年代、60年代以及70、80年代进行了改革。分析历次改革的背景、主要内容及改革的特点特别对指导20世纪80年代后医学教育改革的纲领性文件——GPEP报告进行详细阐述,包括GPEP报告的内容、作用以及与Flexner报告的对比分析。通过回顾与分析,对美国医学教育改革历程中的成功经验和不足之处进行梳理,为我国正在进行的高等医学教育改革提供借鉴与参考。 相似文献
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Many epidemiological studies have shown the magnitude and seriousness of mental disorders in developing countries. However, mental health care remains unsatisfactory owing to lack of skilled manpower and many other social and medical priorities. General practitioners and other health personnel can significantly help in extending mental health care provided they receive adequate training during their medical curriculum. With this aim, the Department of Psychiatry at Addis Ababa University runs a 6-week full-time course for undergraduate medical students. Its chief objectives, teaching methods, achievements and shortcomings are discussed in the paper. 相似文献
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The purpose of this study was to compare the attitudes toward basic sciences of students in a preclinical problem-based curriculum and a conventional lecture-based curriculum at the end of their second year of medical school. The results showed that the PBL class had more positive attitudes toward basic sciences than students in the conventional class. These results may reflect a learning environment where students meet many scientist role models as teachers and where basic science is learnt in the context of clinical problems. 相似文献
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O.J. Dyar B. Beović C. Pulcini E. Tacconelli M. Hulscher B. Cookson 《Clinical microbiology and infection》2019,25(1):13-19
Objective
To develop a consensus-based set of generic competencies in antimicrobial prescribing and stewardship for European prescribers through a structured consensus procedure.Methods
The RAND-modified Delphi procedure comprised two online questionnaire rounds, a face-to-face meeting between rounds, and a final review. Our departure point was a set of competencies agreed previously by consensus among a UK multi-disciplinary panel, and which had been subsequently revised through consultation with ESCMID Study Group representatives. The 46 draft competency points were reviewed by an expert panel consisting of specialists in infectious diseases and clinical microbiology, and pharmacists. Each proposed competency was assessed using a nine-point Likert scale, for relevance as a minimum standard for all independent prescribers in all European countries.Results
A total of 65 expert panel members participated, from 24 European countries (one to six experts per country). There was very high satisfaction (98%) with the final competencies set, which included 35 competency points, in three sections: core concepts in microbiology, pathogenesis and diagnosing infections (11 points); antimicrobial prescribing (20 points); and antimicrobial stewardship (4 points).Conclusions
The consensus achieved enabled the production of generic antimicrobial prescribing and stewardship competencies for all European independent prescribers, and of possible global utility. These can be used for training and can be further adapted to the needs of specific professional groups. 相似文献6.
The core curriculum in the education of medical informaticians remains a topic of concern and discussion. This paper reports on a survey of medical informaticians with Master's level credentials that asked about computer science (CS) topics or skills that they need in their employment. All subjects were graduates or "near-graduates" of a single medical informatics Master's program that they entered with widely varying educational backgrounds. The survey instrument was validated for face and content validity prior to use. All survey items were rated as having some degree of importance in the work of these professionals, with retrieval and analysis of data from databases, database design and web technologies deemed most important. Least important were networking skills and object-oriented design and concepts. These results are consistent with other work done in the field and suggest that strong emphasis on technical skills, particularly databases, data analysis, web technologies, computer programming and general computer science are part of the core curriculum for medical informatics. 相似文献
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This paper describes a methodology to assess health/medical informatics graduate-level education curricula. The authors used the Certified Professional in Healthcare Information Management Systems (CPHIMS) exam objectives published by the Healthcare Information and Management Systems Society (HIMSS) as the basis for their assessment. The authors compared the 69 CPHIMS exam objectives against four health/medical informatics program course objectives as stated in the selected program's online graduate catalog. Results showed that the two programs with management as a focus addressed the majority (67 and 59%) of the CPHIMS objectives within core and elective courses combined. Overall, the other two programs addressed closer to a third of the CPHIMS objectives (36 and 32%). This methodology could prove to be useful in assisting students interested in graduate-level training programs with a tool by which to measure the congruence of the curricula of different programs with the mission of the programs and with their own professional interests. 相似文献
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《Surgery (Oxford)》2021,39(12):778-784
The Intercollegiate Surgical Curriculum Programme (ISCP) provides the Curriculum with the specialty syllabus, trainee’s portfolio of activity, and the process and recording of assessment. It is an excellent resource and in order to gain the optimal benefit trainees and trainers are recommended to invest some time in navigating through the site and understand its functionality. The launch of the 2021 Surgical Curricula is an important change with the new assessment tool of the Multiple Consultant Report (MCR) and the trainee input with their self-assessment. The ISCP has incorporated the MCR assessment process (Generic Professional Capabilities and Capabilities in Practice) into the learning agreement structure such that the progression through to the higher-level outcome of the curriculum, defined as a day 1 consultant in a specialty, is enhanced by frequent and focussed feedback specific to the trainee. To achieve the optimal outcomes, it is important to have strong engagement with the ISCP and the useability has been enhanced to facilitate this. 相似文献
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我国医学影像技术专业开设时间短,办学依托模式在各高校间存在较大差异,其中基于大学附属医院培养医学影像技术专业的模式存在课程体系逻辑不合理、教研机构设置不健全、学生创新研究引导不足等弊端,同时本文提出缓解上述不利教育因素的方案,旨在进一步完善高校附属医院主导医学影像技术专业建设的模式,输出更优质的人才。 相似文献