冠心病患者血清脂质过氧化水溶性荧光物质含量的变化及临床意义

检测２８例心绞痛、２８例急性心梗、１６例急性心梗恢复期患者及３８例健康人血清脂质过氧化水溶性荧光物质（ＷＳＦＳ）、血清脂质过氧化产物丙二醛（ＭＤＡ）和红细胞超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）的水平。结果表明，冠心病各组ＷＳＦＳ显著高于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０５），而冠心病各组间ＷＳＦＳ无明显差异。冠心病患者ＷＳＦＳ与ＭＤＡ呈明显正相关（ｒ＝０．６０２，Ｐ＜０．０１），与ＳＯＤ呈明显负相关（ｒ＝－０．４２１，Ｐ＜０．０１）。血清ＷＳＦＳ可反映体内脂质过氧化水平，可作为临床诊断冠心病的参考指标。     

Recognition and sequestration of ω-fatty acids by a cavitand receptor

One of the largest driving forces for molecular association in aqueous solution is the hydrophobic effect, and many synthetic receptors with hydrophobic interiors have been devised for molecular recognition studies in water. Attempts to create the longer, narrower cavities appropriate for long-chain fatty acids have been thwarted by solvophobic collapse of the synthetic receptors, giving structures that have no internal spaces. The collapse generally involves the stacking of aromatic panels onto themselves. We describe here the synthesis and application of a deep cavitand receptor featuring “prestacked” aromatic panels at the upper rim of the binding pocket. The cavitand remains open and readily sequesters biologically relevant long-chain molecules—unsaturated ω-3, -6, and -9 fatty acids and derivatives such as anandamide—from aqueous media. The cavitand exists in isomeric forms with different stacking geometries and n-alkanes were used to characterize the binding modes and conformational properties. Long alkyl chains are accommodated in inverted J-shaped conformations. An analogous cavitand with electron-rich aromatic walls was prepared and comparative binding experiments indicated the role of intramolecular stacking in the binding properties of these deep container molecules.Molecular recognition of long-chain fatty acids, lipids, membrane components, and hydrocarbons in water poses the general problems of size, shape, and surface complementarity and the special problem of solubility. What types of structures offer large lipophilic surfaces but still dissolve in water? Natural receptors such as the fatty acid-binding proteins (FABPs) incorporate hydrophobic cavities within superstructures with hydrophilic surfaces. The protein backbone and dense packing of side chains prevent collapse of the cavities. Synthetic receptors of the appropriate recognition features comprise deep cavitands (1) and other open-ended host structures (2, 3) that more or less fold around their guest targets. As initially encountered by Cram et al. (4), deep cavitands are dynamic and interconvert between two conformations in organic media: a receptive “vase” form and the unreceptive “kite” form as its dimeric “velcrand” (Fig. 1) (4–8). Stacking of aromatic surfaces in the velcrand buries one face of each kite and is driven by a generalized solvophobic effect. The vase can be rigidified by covalent bonds (9–13) but in water the dynamic cavitands collapse into velcrands through the more specific hydrophobic effect. The presence of appropriate guests shifts the equilibrium to the vase conformation: The guest must fit into, fill, and solvate the cavitand host’s hydrophobic interior. Binding of guest molecules by container compounds is often dependent on the volume of the host. Recognition of long-chain, linear hydrocarbons by biological receptors and synthetic supramolecular hosts generally involves ∼55% volume occupancy and relatively low surface complementarity (14–16). Cavitands with a depth of 1 nm are readily prepared and bind medium-chain n-alkanes, from octane (C₈) to decane (C₁₀). Longer alkanes such as tetradecane (C₁₄) often induce the formation of dimeric, capsule-like assemblies in which the alkyls assume compressed conformations involving folding and coiling (17, 18). Common, long-chain fatty acids bearing saturated or unsaturated alkyl chains are not readily accommodated in dimeric capsules (19, 20) or in the vase forms of typical cavitands. Here, we report a deeper cavitand with a longer, narrower cavity that readily sequesters physiologically relevant fatty acids and derivatives from aqueous media.Open in a separate windowFig. 1.Modeled depictions of cavitand conformations. Cavitands interconvert between a vase shape (Left) and a flattened kite shape (Center). The kite can dimerize to a velcrand (Right) through solvophobic interactions, whereas the vase is favored by the presence of guests that can solvate the cavity.     

茅苍术水溶性成分的HPLC指纹图谱分析

目的:建立茅苍术水溶性成分的HPLC指纹图谱并测定苍术苷A含量,为该药材的质量控制与资源开发提供参考。方法:利用HPLC建立茅苍术的指纹图谱并测定苍术苷A含量,流动相乙腈(A)-0.25%甲酸水溶液(B)梯度洗脱(0~17min,2%~5%A;17~25 min,5%~12%A;25~35 min,12%A;35~50 min,12%~17%A;50~70 min,17%~34%A;70~80min,34%~40%A),检测波长221 nm,流速0.6 m L·min-1。采用外标法测定苍术苷A在10批茅苍术药材中含量。结果:建立了茅苍术水溶性成分的HPLC指纹图谱,检出共有峰18个,精密度、稳定性、重复性试验中各共有峰相对保留时间和相对峰面积的RSD均<3%。10批茅苍术水提物中苍术苷A含量较稳定,平均质量分数2.775 mg·g-1。结论:HPLC指纹图谱方法与苍术苷A的含量测定方法准确、稳定、简便,可有效控制茅苍术药材的内在质量。     

UFLC-UV法同时测定黔产丹参中4个水溶性成分的含量

目的：建立超快速液相色谱（UFLC）的方法同时测定丹参成分丹参素、迷迭香酸、丹酚酸B、丹酚酸A.方法：采用Diamonsil C18色谱柱（4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm）,以乙腈-0.05％磷酸为流动相进行梯度洗脱,流速1 mL/min,检测波长220 nm,柱温40℃,检测贵州4个不同产地的8批丹参成分丹参素、迷迭香酸、丹酚酸B、丹酚酸A.结果：4种被测成分的线性关系良好（r ＞0.999）,精密度RSD 0.49％ ～ 1.67％,重复性RSD1.27％ ～2.17％,稳定性RSD 1.53％～2.85％,平均加样回收率在96.80％～103.08％,RSD 1.88％ ～2.79％ （n=6）,8批黔产丹参药材中丹参素、迷迭香酸、丹酚酸B、丹酚酸A的平均含量分别为2.061、3.559、44.223及1.426 mg/g.结论：UFLC法用于检测丹参药材中丹参素、迷迭香酸、丹酚酸B、丹酚酸A,具有简便、快速、准确的优点,能有效控制丹参药材的质量.     

A water-soluble form of estradiol with estrogenic and cardiotropic activity

It is demonstrated that a water-soluble form of estradiol (disodium salt of estradiol diphosphate), apart from having an estrogenic influence on the uterus, is effective against severe blood loss and has a cardiotropic actiity. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 119, N ^o 1, pp. 51–53, January, 1995 Presented by P. V. Sergeev, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences     

A temporal and spatial study of the synthesis and degradation of water-soluble and insoluble proteins in galactosemic rat lenses

Events of synthesis and degradation of water-soluble and -insoluble rat lens proteins were examined during a 21-day period of galactose-induced cataractogenesis. Epithelial cells continued to synthesize both fractions of proteins throughout the duration of the experiment. There were few qualitative changes in the pattern of proteins expressed and the rate of synthesis did not decrease. In contrast, synthesis of both water-soluble and -insoluble proteins by the cortical cells decreased and then became totally inhibited indicating no selective or differential inhibition of synthesis of one protein fraction, but that both water-soluble and -insoluble proteins in the cortical cells are equally affected by the metabolic changes associated with galactose-induced cataractogenesis. The cells within the nuclear region of control lenses were capable of incorporating [35S]-methionine into protein. This synthesis was completely abolished in 7- and 14-day nuclear cells. Labeled proteins were found to be present in the 21-day nuclear preparation to a level almost three times greater than that observed in the control nucleus. Degradation was minimal in both fractions of epithelial proteins, whereas selective degradation of proteins from both fractions was apparent in 14- and 21-day cortical cells. At day 14, the water-soluble protein profile from nuclear cells became less complex with the loss of several major bands, but these bands as well as some unique bands appeared at day 21. The profile of water-insoluble nuclear proteins remained unchanged over 21 days.     

The evaluation of imperforate anus utilizing percutaneous injection of water-soluble iodide contrast meterial

The utilization of percutaneous injection of water-soluble iodide contrast media in evaluation of the position of the atretic rectal pouch in cases of imperforate anus is presented. This method demonstrates the exact site of atresia and often the origin of rectal fistulae. This method presents a more exact demonstration of an anatomic defect preparatory to surgery.Presented at the First Annual Meeting of the Society of Gastrointestinal Radiologists, Chicago, Illinois, November 29, 1971.     

Trans-reservoiral ventriculography (TRV)

Summary We report here the usefulness of ventriculography by means of percutaneous injection of a recently developed water-soluble contrast medium of great safety through a shunt flushing reservoir; the method is called trans-reservoiral ventriculography (TRV), and is presented here in twelve clinical cases.The TRV is especially useful in observing the course of brain tumour after either surgical or non-surgical treatment.