雷公藤双层栓的研制

介绍了雷公藤双层栓的制备和质量检查。雷公藤双层栓的上层为空白层,下层为含药层。空白层可有效地阻止后端所释药物向上扩散,从而避免相当部分药物经门肝系统吸收,因此可明显提高其生物利用度。     

Nordic contributions to disability policies

The most spectacular contribution from the nordic countries to intellectual disability policy is probably the idea of normalization, but it is not the simplistic notion that can be inferred from international debate. Its major significance may have been to act as an inspiring catchword for the important trend away from institutions Into integrated living. However, it is more fully understood when seen in the concrete context where It has successively developed, and been critically analysed and tested in operation. Scandinavian sociologists and psychologists—as well as politicians—were also among the first to use the concept of quality of life for analysis of social policy, including intellectual disability. The primary medium for implementation has been legislation, where the dominant difficulty is to find a balance between security and freedom, protection and self-determination. Through this process, the role of social engineering in the welfare state, based on humanistic ideas of solidarity, can be followed into today's emphasis on individual influence and participation.     

Acute cardiac and pulmonary arrest after infusion of vancomycin with subsequent desensitization

J Allergy Clin Immunol 1997;100:853-4.     

56眼饮用天然矿泉水水质分析

本文对我省５６眼矿泉水的地理分布符合国家标准的情况及矿泉水水化学类型进行了统计分析，结果表明：５６眼矿泉水基本遍布全省；其感官指标、污染物指标及微生物指标均符合国家标准；通过对限量指标分析，我省矿泉水属念锶或含偏硅酸或二者兼含；水化学分类以ＨＣＯ３·Ｃａ型居多，其次为ＨＣＯ３－Ｃａ·Ｎａ型。对影响卫生化学性能的决定因子进行相关分析表明：除Ｃａ２＋与Ｍｇ２＋呈正相关外，Ｋ＋与Ｎａ＋及Ｓｒ与Ｈ２ＳｉＯ３之间无相关性     

饮用淦河温泉下游河水对儿童健康的影响

长期饮用淦河温泉下游河水可使儿童头发中硒与硫的含量高出正常（指饮用自来水的）儿童约４倍，呈现高硫高硒体征，此体征儿童心率较慢，窦性心率不齐者增多，心房去极电位升高，心室去极和复极电位下降，Ｓ－Ｔ段移位例数和移位幅度均增加，心电图中的这些变化均在允许范围之内，但有些已接近病理边缘。红细胞数和血红蛋白量均略低于正常儿童。     

Vacuolar cytoplasmic phase separation in cultured mammalian cells involves the microfilament network and reduces motional properties of intracellular water

Hep-2, human epithelial carcinoma cells, and human foreskin fibroblasts (FF9 and FF13) were exposed to either an ultrafiltrate (< 50 kD) of human sera or the weak base, procaine hydrochloride, to induce reversible cytoplasmic vacuolization. The formation of vacuoles was shown not to be due to imbibition of medium. Ultrastructural details obtained from various stages of vacuole formation were compared. In both cases of induction vacuoles were irregular and often appeared membraneless, with little in the way of electron-dense content. They started to form in the perinuclear cytoplasm and progressed towards the periphery. Osmotic stress was not involved since mitochondria remained normal throughout a vacuolization episode.
Vacuoles were often seen in close contact with filamentous structures, and this association remained detectable at late stages of the phenomenon. Fluorescent visualization of F-actin confirmed that the vacuoles were frequently bordered by microfilaments. No major metabolic impairment was apparent in vacuolized cells as judged by protein synthesis measurements, but nuclear fluorescence (DNA content) and forward light scatter (nuclear volume) by flow cytometric analysis suggested late S phase and G2 retardation. ¹H-nmr relaxation measurements indicated intracellular water restricted in motional characteristics in vacuolized cells. The possibility of a restricted cytoplasmic phase separation as part of a transient adaptation response is raised, and a hypothesis to explain the findings is discussed.     

运用人力资源管理策略 改革病房护理管理

从发展成功管理的共同文化,创建优质服务病房;建立有效的护理人力资源管理支持系统,创建适合于专业护理的工作环境,确保护理质量;以病人为中心,以病人满意度作为衡量护理工作优劣的标准三个方面介绍了乐山市人民医院运用护理人力资源管理策略,改革病房护理管理,创建优质服务病房的实践经验及其效果。     

Comparison of the efficacy and safety of ciclesonide 160 μg once daily vs. budesonide 400 μg once daily in children with asthma

Ciclesonide is an onsite-activated inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) for the treatment of asthma. This study compared the efficacy, safety and effect on quality of life (QOL) of ciclesonide 160 microg (ex-actuator; nominal dose 200 microg) vs. budesonide 400 microg (nominal dose) in children with asthma. Six hundred and twenty-one children (aged 6-11 yr) with asthma were randomized to receive ciclesonide 160 microg (ex-actuator) once daily (via hydrofluoroalkane metered-dose inhaler and AeroChamber Plus spacer) or budesonide 400 microg once daily (via Turbohaler) both given in the evening for 12 wk. The primary efficacy end-point was change in forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1). Additional measurements included change in daily peak expiratory flow (PEF), change in asthma symptom score sum, change in use of rescue medication, paediatric and caregiver asthma QOL questionnaire [PAQLQ(S) and PACQLQ, respectively] scores, change in body height assessed by stadiometry, change in 24-h urinary cortisol adjusted for creatinine and adverse events. Both ciclesonide and budesonide increased FEV1, morning PEF and PAQLQ(S) and PACQLQ scores, and improved asthma symptom score sums and the need for rescue medication after 12 wk vs. baseline. The non-inferiority of ciclesonide vs. budesonide was demonstrated for the change in FEV1 (95% confidence interval: -75, 10 ml, p = 0.0009, one-sided non-inferiority, per-protocol). In addition, ciclesonide and budesonide showed similar efficacy in improving asthma symptoms, morning PEF, use of rescue medication and QOL. Ciclesonide was superior to budesonide with regard to increases in body height (p = 0.003, two-sided). The effect on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis was significantly different in favor of ciclesonide treatment (p < 0.001, one-sided). Both ciclesonide and budesonide were well tolerated. Ciclesonide 160 microg once daily and budesonide 400 microg once daily were effective in children with asthma. In addition, in children treated with ciclesonide there was significantly less reduction in body height and suppression of 24-h urinary cortisol excretion compared with children treated with budesonide after 12 wk.