不同采血针对新生儿足跟采血成功率的影响

目的：探讨不同采血针在新生儿疾病筛查采血中的采血效果。方法：采用三种采血针分别对2126例（A组）、1786例（B组）、1471例（C组）新生儿进行足跟采血，比较其采血成功率。结果：A、B、C三组之间差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。结论：采用7号一次性注射针头采血（C组）可明显提高采血成功率。     

初次献血对红细胞膜Na+-K+-ATP酶活性的影响

目的探讨初次献血对红细胞膜Na+-K+-ATP酶活性的影响.方法应用比色法分别检测50例符合献血条件的健康初次献血者献血前后的红细胞膜Na+-K+-ATP酶活性,并对结果进行分析.结果初次献血者献血前后红细胞膜Na+-K+-ATP酶活性分别为3.121±0.441和2.907±0.397 μmol.Pi/107 RBC.h,两者比较无明显差异(P＞0.05).结论初次献血对红细胞膜Na+-K+-ATP酶活性无影响,献血不会造成红细胞功能损伤.     

经尿道电气化手术治疗112例膀胱肿瘤的临床分析

目的 :探讨经尿道电气化手术治疗病变局限于膀胱壁内肿瘤的治疗方法。方法:综合采用套切、勾切、气化、凝切及电凝、封闭闭孔神经等技术 ,经尿道根治性电气化手术切除膀胱肿瘤 112例。结果:2例因膀胱穿孔改行开放手术 ,7例需 2次手术完全切除肿瘤 ,全部病例均达到根治性切除目的 ,术后平均留置尿管 3～ 7d。结论 :经尿道电气化切除手术适宜病变局限于膀胱壁内肿瘤的根治性治疗。     

复方角菜酸酯栓在痔上黏膜环形切除钉合术后的临床应用评价

目的评价复方角菜酸酯栓对缓解痔上黏膜环形切除钉合术(PPH)后患者早期不适症状方面的疗效。方法选取2002年11月至2003年7月行PPH的80例患者,随机分为治疗组(复方角菜酸酯栓组,42例)和对照组(常规处理组,38例),分别记录两组患者术后24h和第6及第12天时的症状改善情况、术后24h有无尿潴留情况、术后首次排便时间、试验结束时伤口愈合情况、住院时间和换药次数、停药及停药的原因以及伴随用药情况。结果术后24h治疗组患者症状总得分(4.4)较对照组(6.1)低,P<0.05。但至术后第6和第12天时,两组症状得分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗组患者在各时间点的症状得分减少值均高于对照组(P<0.05)。两组患者在术后24h出现尿潴留的比率和住院天数方面比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论复方角菜酸酯栓对于缓解PPH术后早期的不适症状效果良好。     

Association between cord blood IgE and genetic polymorphisms of interleukin-4, the β-subunit of the high-affinity receptor for IgE, lymphotoxin-α, and tumor Necrosis factor-α

High cord blood immunoglobulin E (cbIgE) is known to be associated with increased risks of atopic diseases in childhood. The relationship between genetic polymorphisms and high cbIgE has not been well documented. A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the association between cbIgE and genetic polymorphisms of interleukin (IL)-4 -590C/T, the beta-subunit of the high-affinity receptor for IgE (FcepsilonRI-beta) E237G, lymphotoxin (LT)-alphaNcoI alleles, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha -308G/A. A total of 320 mother-neonate pairs were recruited from four maternity hospitals from different locations of Taiwan. Cord blood was obtained and assayed for cbIgE. Polymerase chain reaction followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism was used to assess the genotypes. Three hundred pairs of mothers and neonates were included in the final analysis. Infants with IL-4 -590 C allele were found to have higher risk of elevated cbIgE (> or =0.35 IU/ml, 24.3%) (p = 0.004). After adjusting for gender, birth order, maternal age, and history of allergic disease in maternal and paternal families, odds ratios for CC and CT genotypes were 4.41 and 3.16 (95% confidence interval 0.78-22.67, and 1.66-6.13), respectively, using TT genotype as reference. The genotypes of FcepsilonRI-beta, LT-alpha, and TNF-alpha were not associated with cbIgE before or after the adjustment. Our finding suggested a significant association of cbIgE with genetic polymorphism of IL-4 -590C/T, but not with the genotypes of FcepsilonRI-beta, LT-alpha, and TNF-alpha.     

Autotransfusion after open heart surgery: the oxygen delivery capacity of shed mediastinal blood is maintained

Autotransfusion of mediastinal shed blood after open heart surgery has become a common and accepted procedure in reducing the need for homologous transfusion during the last 15 years. The objectives of the present study were to investigate the oxygen delivery capacity of autotransfused shed mediastinal blood, compared to patient-blood, during cardiopulmonary bypass and in the postoperative period.
Ten consecutive patients undergoing elective cardiac surgery were studied. Mediastinal shed blood was collected in the cardiotomy reservoir and retransfused during the first 18 postoperative hours. The oxygen delivery capacity of the blood to the tissues was calculated by use of the oxygen status algorithm (OSA 2.0) programme and measurement of the 2,3-diphosphoglycerate (2,3-DPG) concentration.
Autotransfusion volume ranged from 450–1530 ml per patient (median 824 ml). Shed blood had a mean haemoglobin level of 8.8 g/dl and 7.4 g/dl at 1 h and 6 h of autotransfusion, respectively. There were no significant changes of 2,3-DPG concentration in the patient-blood during cardiopulmonary bypass or after autotransfusion compared to preoperative values. P50 for oxygen (3.6 and 3.6 kPa) and 2,3-DPG concentrations (5.3 and 5.1 mikromol/ml erythrocyte) in shed mediastinal blood (1h and 6h postoperatively) were not significantly different compared to patient-blood.
The results demonstrate that the oxygen delivery capacity of shed mediastinal blood is maintained and that the oxygen affinity of patient-blood is not influenced by autotransfusion.     

Blood pressure lowering effect of the aqueous extract of the stem of Ipomoea acanthocarpa (convolvulaceae) in spontaneously and salt-loaded hypertensive rats

Spontaneously hypertensive (SHR) and salt-loaded hypertensive rats (SLHR) were submitted to a daily treatment by gavage of 2 mL/100 g body weight of the aqueous extract of the stem of Ipomoea acanthocarpa (30 mg/mL stock solution). A fall in blood pressure of nearly 13% was observed after two successive administrations of the aqueous extract. After 14 days of treatment, the blood pressure fell by more than 30±8%. The hypotensive effect might be due to a direct vascular smooth muscle effect or to its already observed high diuretic effects or might be acting by some other mechanism.     

A study of the value of electrophoretic and other techniques for typing Acinetobacter calcoaceticus

Forty-four isolates of Acinetobacter calcoaceticus var anitratus collected during hospital outbreaks were studied using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE), plasmid analysis, antibiograms and biochemical tests to determine their degree of similarity. Reproducibility tests were also carried out on the PAGE and biochemical techniques to determine their validity when used to compare bacteria of the same type isolated intermittently. PAGE data was analysed densitometrically and isolates compared using a similarity matrix. All methods were able to subdivide the isolates, but results did not always correlate well between methods. Reproducibility data indicated that careful attention to technique is required when organisms are examined by PAGE sequentially. Results suggest that no single biotyping technique is likely to be adequate and that electrophoretic, biochemical and antibiogram data may complement one another and other epidemiological data in the typing of these organisms.