川芎、高良姜等挥发油的水蒸汽蒸馏法和超临界流体萃取法比较研究

目的:确定川芎、高良姜、片姜黄和羌活的挥发油提取最佳条件.方法:用水蒸汽蒸馏法和超临界流体萃取的方法提取挥发油.结果:(1)水蒸汽蒸馏法提取挥发油的最佳条件确定为:川芎:浸泡时间12h,粉末粒度细,提取时间3h,加水比1:10;高良姜:浸泡时间0h,粉末粒度粗,提取时间3h,加水比1:10;片姜黄:浸泡时间24h,粉末粒度中,提取时间1.5h,加水比1:5;羌活:浸泡时间0h,粉末粒度粗,提取时间3h,加水比1:10.(2)超临界流体萃取法提取挥发油的最佳条件确定为:川芎:温度为60℃,粉末粒度细,压力25MPa,提取时间1.5h;高良姜:温度为60℃,粉末粒度中,压力25MPa,提取时间0.5h;片姜黄:温度为60℃,粉末粒度细,压力20MPa,时间1h;羌活:温度为60℃,粉末粒度细,压力25MPa,提取时间1h.结论:超临界流体萃取法要优于水蒸汽蒸馏法.     

Exploring the anticancer activities of novel bioactive compounds derived from endophytic fungi: mechanisms of action,current challenges and future perspectives

Cancer is the second leading cause of death all around the world. The natural compounds derived from the endophytic flora of fungi are possible solutions to cancer treatment because they are safe for health, cost-effective, biocompatible and have fewer toxicity issues. The active ingredients in endophytic fungi that are responsible for anti-cancer activities are alkaloids, terpenoids, glycosides, saponin, peptides, steroids, phenols, quinones, and flavonoids. This review highlights the anti-cancer activities of entophytic fungus against human papillary thyroid carcinoma (IHH4), human pancreatic (PANC-1), ovarian (OVCAR-3), hepatic (HepG2), lung (A-549), human lymphoma (U937), human skin carcinoma (A431), breast (MCF-7), and Kaposi’s sarcoma. The emerging evidence suggested that bioactive compounds isolated from endophytic fungi showed their anti-cancer activities by revealing the disturbance of the microtubule network caused by increased levels of Bax and Bcl-2 proteins that triggers cell cycle arrest at the G2-M phase, by inhibiting the DNA replication via binding with topoisomerase II, by regulating the activity of extracellular signal-regulated kinase and NF-kB, by evaluating the levels of p21, p27, and cyclins B/D1/E that led to cell death by apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. This review will assist readers in better comprehending bioactive chemicals and the beneficial interaction between the fungal endophytes and medicinal plants.     

Rabex-5基因RNAi慢病毒表达载体的构建及其在MCF-7中对Rabex-5表达的影响

以聚苯胺（PANI）和γ(甲基丙烯酰氧)丙基三甲氧基硅烷（MATMS）为反应物,采用溶胶凝胶法制备了杂化透明导电薄膜。由红外光谱和X射线光电子能谱的结果可知：PANI和MATMS形成杂化结构。TGDTA分析表明： PANIMATMS杂化薄膜的热稳定性比PANI好。研究了不同的PANI质量分数对薄膜透过率和方块电阻的影响。随着PANI质量分数的增加,薄膜的可见光透过率逐渐下降,方块电阻也降低。当PANI质量分数为30%时,所得到的杂化薄膜的综合性能较佳,可见光透过率可达87%,薄膜的方块电阻为436 kΩ/□。     

切除修复交叉互补基因1与铂类药物耐药

铂类药物耐药是多种复杂机制共同作用的结果.其中,肿瘤细胞切除修复交叉互补基因1(ERCC1)表达及其多态性是肿瘤细胞产生铂类药物耐药的重要机制之一.抑制ERCC1的表达可逆转铂类药物耐药性.     

Shikonin from Chinese herbal medicine induces GSDME-controlled pyroptosis in tumor cellsOA

Objective:To investigate the potential anti-tumor mechanisms of naphthoquinone compound shikonin(SKN) extracted from the root of Chinese herbal medicine plant lithospermum(Lithospermum erythrorhizon Sieb. & Zucc.).Methods:We first observed that SKN treatment led to swelling and bubbles in HeLa cells that were similar to the phenotype of cell pyroptosis.Subsequently,the HeLa cells experienced a pyroptotic process with SKN,and this was then assessed using lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) release and...     

Effect of Paternal Diet on Spermatogenesis and Offspring Health: Focus on Epigenetics and Interventions with Food Bioactive Compounds

Infertility is a growing public health problem. Consumption of antioxidant bioactive food compounds (BFCs) that include micronutrients and non-nutrients has been highlighted as a potential strategy to protect against oxidative and inflammatory damage in the male reproductive system induced by obesity, alcohol, and toxicants and, thus, improve spermatogenesis and the fertility parameters. Paternal consumption of such dietary compounds could not only benefit the fathers but their offspring as well. Studies in the new field of paternal origins of health and disease show that paternal malnutrition can alter sperm epigenome, and this can alter fetal development and program an increased risk of metabolic diseases and breast cancer in adulthood. BFCs, such as ascorbic acid, α-tocopherol, polyunsaturated fatty acids, trace elements, carnitines, N-acetylcysteine, and coenzyme Q10, have been shown to improve male gametogenesis, modulate epigenetics of germ cells, and the epigenetic signature of the offspring, restoring offspring metabolic health induced by stressors during early life. This indicates that, from a father’s perspective, preconception is a valuable window of opportunity to start potential nutritional interventions with these BFCs to maximize sperm epigenetic integrity and promote adequate fetal growth and development, thus preventing chronic disease in adulthood.     

Marine and Agro-Industrial By-Products Valorization Intended for Topical Formulations in Wound Healing Applications

Over the past years, research attention has been focusing more on waste-derived, naturally derived, and renewable materials, in the view of a more sustainable economy. In this work, different topical formulations were obtained from the valorization of marine and agro-industrial by-products and the use of Carbopol 940 as gelling agent. In particular, the combination of extracts obtained from the marine snail, Rapanosa venosa, with Cladophora vagabunda and grape pomace extracts, was investigated for wound healing purposes. Rapana venosa has demonstrated wound healing properties and antioxidant activity. Similarly, grape pomace extracts have been shown to accelerate the healing process. However, their synergic use has not been explored yet. To this aim, four different formulations were produced. Three formulations differed for the presence of a different extract of Rapana venosa: marine collagen, marine gelatin, and collagen hydrolysate, while another formulation used mammalian gelatin as further control. Physico-chemical properties of the extracts as well as of the formulations were analyzed. Furthermore, thermal stability was evaluated by thermogravimetric analysis. Antioxidant capacity and biological behavior, in terms of cytocompatibility, wound healing, and antimicrobial potential, were assessed. The results highlighted for all the formulations (i) a good conservation and thermal stability in time, (ii) a neutralizing activity against free radicals, (iii) and high degree of cytocompatibility and tissue regeneration potential. In particular, collagen, gelatin, and collagen hydrolysate obtained from the Rapana venosa marine snail represent an important, valuable alternative to mammalian products.     

核因子红细胞2相关因子2在毒死蜱毒性机制中的作用

毒死蜱(chlorpyrifos,CPF)是一种广泛使用的有机磷农药,其对人类健康和生态系统的潜在风险已引起广泛关注。CPF主要通过抑制乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)发挥杀虫作用,但越来越多的研究表明,CPF的毒性作用远不止于此,也与氧化应激、炎症反应、 细胞死亡等多种生物学过程密切相关,因而可能导致神经退行性疾病、生殖发育障碍以及其他慢性健康问题。核因子红细胞2相关因子2(Nrf2)作为一种关键的抗氧化应激调节因子,具有显著的保护作用。本文旨在综述Nrf2在调节CPF诱导的氧化应激、神经毒性、细胞死亡和炎症反应中的作用机制,探讨其作为潜在治疗靶点的前景,以为开发新的CPF中毒治疗策略提供理论基础。     

气相色谱法测定黑水缬草挥发油中乙酸龙脑酯的含量

目的建立黑水缬草挥发油中乙酸龙脑酯的含量测定方法。方法采用气相色谱法,萘为内标物,DB-l7毛细管柱,载气为氦气,电子轰击(EI)离子源检测器。结果在该色谱条件下,乙酸龙脑酯在进样量0.109 6~1.753 6μg范围内呈良好线性关系,r=0.999 6;乙酸龙脑酯的加样回收率为101.33%,RSD=1.79%。结论该法能准确测定黑水缬草挥发油中乙酸龙脑酯的含量。     

白木香肉桂酸-4-羟基化酶(C4H)基因的克隆及表达分析

对国产沉香的基原植物白木香Aquilaria sinensis肉桂酸-4-羟基化酶基因 C4H 编码区进行克隆,并对其进行生物信息学分析和表达分析。根据已报道的白木香伤害转录组高通量测序结果分析获得1条具有肉桂酸羟化酶酶保守结构域的 C4H 基因序列,采用RT-PCR技术克隆得到白木香 C4H 基因编码区序列,并对C4H蛋白进行生物信息学分析。另外,采用qRT-PCR方法对 C4H 基因在伤害胁迫下的表达模式进行分析。序列分析表明,所克隆的 C4H 基因编码区开放阅读框（opening reading frame,ORF）长为1 515 bp,编码514个氨基酸,GenBank登录号为KF134783。qRT-PCR实验证明 C4H 基因受不同伤害处理的诱导,分别在8,20 h达到最高表达水平。白木香 C4H 基因的编码区序列的分离克隆为进一步研究C4H蛋白在白木香中黄酮及芳香族类化合物合成途径中的功能及表达调控奠定基础。