广州市越秀区儿童体格发育及健康影响因素调查分析

目的了解广州市越秀区7岁以下儿童体格发育现状及其健康影响因素,为进一步改善7岁以下儿童生长发育水平提供科学依据。方法根据中国妇幼保健中心2005年全国第四次儿童体格发育调查制定的要求,对越秀区4097名儿童进行体格发育检查及广州市制定的儿童健康影响因素流行病学问卷调查。评价儿童生长发育状况及采用非条件Logistic逐步回归分析的方法对儿童健康影响因素进行多因素分析。结果儿童低体重率、生长发育迟缓率、消瘦率、肥胖率分别为1.98%、1.03%、1.93%、3.69%;男童低体重率、消瘦率、肥胖率与女童无显著性差异（P〉0.05）;0～2岁儿童低体重率、生长发育迟缓率、消瘦率、3～6岁儿童肥胖率随年龄增加呈上升趋势（P〈0.01）;非条件Logistic回归分析发现,出生体重（P=0.001）、母亲文化（P=0.008）、辅食添加（P=0.002）、月收入（P=0.002）、追着喂食（P=0.001）、进食玩玩具（P=0.022）、经常感冒（P=0.045）等7个因素与儿童营养不良发生相关。讨论广州市越秀区儿童营养状况良好,但仍需加强对0～2岁儿童营养不良及3～6岁儿童肥胖抚养人的健康宣教和健康行为形成的早期干预。     

Effect of rectal administration of rebamipide on dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis: Role of hepatocyte growth factor

Objective and design: Since rebamipide is effective for the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC), we examined the involvement of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) in the action of rebamipide. Materials: Fifty-five and forty female Balb/c mice, respectively, were used in Exp. 1 and 2. Treatment: 50 mg/kg/day rebamipide (Exp. 1) and 1 × 10⁷ pfu pAxCAHGF (the CAG promoter-driving HGF gene in adenovirus vector) (Exp. 2) were intrarectally introduced after induction of colitis by 4 % dextran sulfate sodium (DSS). Methods: Therapeutic effects were assessed by cell proliferation and apoptosis. Results: Rebamipide caused proliferation of epithelial cells at 10 days after treatment, and decreased apoptosis at 10, 14 and 21 days, compared with controls. Expression of HGF was greatly increased in rebamipide-treated mice. pAxCAHGF caused cell proliferation and apoptosis, which showed the same pattern as with rebamipide treatment. Conclusions: Rectal administration of rebamipide is effective for DSS-induced colitis in association with induction of HGF. Received 17 June 2006; returned for revision 23 August 2006; returned for final revision 29 October 2006; accepted by I. Ahnfelt-R?nne 14 December 2006     

Similarities and differences of human and experimental mouse lymphangiomas.

Lymphangioma is a disfiguring malformation of early childhood. A mouse lymphangioma model has been established by injecting Freund's incomplete adjuvant (FIA) intraperitoneally, but has not been compared with the human disease. We show that, in accordance with studies from the 1960s, the mouse model represents an oil-granuloma, made up of CD45-positive leukocytes and invaded by blood and lymph vessels. Several markers of lymphatic endothelial cells are expressed in both mouse and human, like CD31, Prox1, podoplanin, and Lyve-1. However, the human disease affects all parts of the lymphovascular tree. We observed convolutes of lymphatic capillaries, irregularly formed collectors with signs of disintegration, and large lymph cysts. We observed VEGFR-2 and -3 expression in both blood vessels and lymphatics of the patients, whereas in mouse VEGFR-2 was confined to activated blood vessels. The experimental mouse FIA model represents a vascularized oil-granuloma rather than a lymphangioma and reflects the complexity of human lymphangioma only partially.     

The relationship of VEGF and PGE2 expression to extracellular matrix remodelling of the tenosynovium in the carpal tunnel syndrome

Tenosynovial thickening within the confined space of the carpal tunnel is thought to be the cause of the carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). However, little is known about the pathological mechanism of tenosynovial thickening. In this study, the role of prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) (two representative molecules that can induce oedema by increasing vascular permeability) was analysed in CTS by using immunohistochemistry and enzyme-linked immunosorptive assay (ELISA). Expression of these molecules was compared with the patients' clinical histories and a temporary increase in production of these molecules was found in cells within the vessels and synovial lining during the intermediate phase of the syndrome when the histology of the tenosynovium changes from oedematous to fibrotic. Statistical analysis clearly demonstrated that there is a close correlation between the expression of PGE(2) and VEGF. Furthermore, immunohistochemical analysis with anti-proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) revealed that the area with distinct VEGF expression closely matched the area where endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells, and synovial lining cells proliferate. In contrast, despite marked alteration in the extracellular matrix (ECM) component of the tenosynovium, the fibroblasts responsible for most ECM framework production do not proliferate during any phase of CTS. Histological analysis demonstrated that angiogenesis takes place only during the intermediate phase. Since clusters of capillaries and arterioles are often surrounded by type III collagen-rich, disorganized, degenerate connective tissue, which contains fewer fibroblasts than normal, angiogenesis appears to take place as a part of a regenerative reaction that results in fibrosis. These findings strongly indicate that both PGE(2) and VEGF are expressed in the tenosynovium in CTS during the intermediate phase and induce the histological changes seen in the tenosynovium.     

湖南某镇农村居民自杀意念影响因素

目的:探讨农村居民自杀意念的影响因素,为自杀干预提供依据。方法:对湖南浏阳市永安镇常住农村居民,采用分层随机整群抽样法确定样本人群,使用自行设计的调查表,采取入户、单独面谈的方式进行调查。结果:共851名调查对象接受了面谈并完成调查问卷。终生自杀意念发生率为23．6％,经多因素logistic嘲归分析,自评心理健康状况、自评经济水平、性别、自评躯体健康状况为自杀意念的影响因素(OR值分别为2．107、1．910、1．630、1．596)。结论:农村常住居民自杀意念发生率处于较高水平。自评心理健康状况差、自评经济水平低、女性、自评躯体健康状况差是产生自杀意念的危险因素。应针对危险因素予以积极的干预。     

Adenosine A2A Receptor Agonists Promote More Rapid Wound Healing Than Recombinant Human Platelet–Derived Growth Factor (Becaplermin Gel)

Animal studies of the topical application of adenosine A _2A receptor agonists show that it promotes wound closure. To further confirm the efficacy of adenosine A _2A receptor agonists as promoters of wound healing, we compared the effect of MRE0094, a novel selective adenosine A _2A receptor agonist, to CGS-21680, a reference selective adenosine A _2A receptor agonist, as well as to recombinant human platelet–derived growth factor (0.01% Becaplermin gel), an agent currently used to promote healing of diabetic ulcers, on wound closure in healthy BALB/C mice. Wounds (12 mm diameter) were created on the dorsum of mice (two per mouse) and then treated daily with vehicle, 0.01% Becaplermin gel, or different doses of the adenosine A _2A receptor agonists. The wound margins were traced onto plastic sheets, and the wound areas were digitized, quantitated, and compared. We found that application of MRE0094 (1 g/wound and 10 g/wound) and CGS-21680 (1 g/wound and 5 g/wound) achieved 50% wound closure significantly more rapidly than control application (day 1.9, 1.9, 3.5, 3.2, respectively, versus control day 4, p < 0.05 ANOVA). Surprisingly, neither higher nor lower concentrations of CGS-21680 affected the rate of wound closure, as compared to control. In contrast, Becaplermin gel did not increase the rate at which wounds closed (50% closure by day 7.2, p = NS versus control). These data confirm our prior observations that adenosine A _2A receptor agonists promote wound closure, and they suggest that these agents may be as effective if not more effective than Becaplermin gel for the treatment of poorly healing wounds.     

Voltage-gated Ca entry in isolated bovine capillary endothelial cells: evidence of a new type of BAY K 8644-sensitive channel

Isolated bovine capillary endothelial cells have been examined for voltage-dependent Ca entry. All cells displayed a low threshold activity, with the main characteristics of a T-type transient current, when examined using whole-cell recording for activation and inactivation and cell-attached conditions or inside-out patches for the elementary conductance (8 pS). 25% of the cells displayed an additional sustained current in 5 mM CaCl₂ above –40 mV, which was enhanced by application of BAY K 8644, but almost insensitive to superfusion with nicardipine. Two types of channels (2.8 and 21 pS, in 110 mM BaCl₂) were shown to have a BAY K 8644 sensitivity. The large conductance channels were L-type channels. The smaller events were elicited at more hyperpolarized potentials (by some 30 mV). Their mean open time was 16 ms in control conditions. In presence of BAY K 8644, additional long open times were observed (up to 100 ms as compared to 7.8 ms for the time constants of the slow mode of the L-type channel). We refer to these channels as SB channels: of small conductance and sensitive to BAY K 8644. In the presence of nicardipine, SB channels are not noticeably modified, in contrast to the L-type openings which are abolished. Also, SB open times are close to control values when nicardipine is added after a BAY K 8644 application. We suggest that, at physiological concentrations of divalent ions, an SB-type activity is elicited above –40 mV which generates the low threshold sustained current.     

Antinuclear Antibodies and Anti-DNA Antibodies in Scleroderma

Antinuclear antibodies (ANA), including anti-DNA antibodies, and rheumatoid factors (RAT, Waaler-Rose) were determined prospectively during a 3-year period in 40 patients with localized scleroderma (LS) compared with 77 patients with generalized scleroderma (GS). ANA were increased in 26% of patients with LS, and in 47% with GS, anti-DNA antibodies in 23% of patients with LS, and in 34% with GS. Thus, the anti-DNA antibody level was lower compared with the known level in systemic lupus erythematosus. Rheumatoid factors were present in 6-7% of patients with LS, and in 14-15% of patients with GS. Increased antinuclear antibodies were not associated with any specific type of localized scleroderma, nor with internal disorders, and no case of clinical overlap to discoid or systemic lupus erythematosus was observed. However, six patients with localized scleroderma and complaints of arthralgia all presented increased antibodies, and one patient showed overlap to rheumatoid arthritis. It is suggested that increased ANA and anti-DNA antibodies in localized scleroderma, associated with joint manifestations, represents a systemic component in this type of scleroderma, with activation of the immune system and similarities with generalized collagen diseases.     

pp~(60c-src(+))在神经生长端的表达及其意义

目的　探索 pp60c-src( + ) 在神经生长端的表达特征及其生理意义。方法　用免疫细胞化学方法检测 pp60c-src( + ) 在初代培养鸡胚脊神经节细胞内的分布特征。结果　pp60c -src( + ) 的免疫活性分布在神经细胞的细胞膜下、核周体、神经突起 ;在生长端体部和丝状伪足 ,pp60c -src( + ) 的免疫活性较强 ,少数免疫活性较弱。在伸长的突起上有时可见 pp60c-src( + ) 免疫活性分布在串珠样膨体上。结论　pp60c-src( + ) 参与生长端的运动和生长 ;在生长端分化、神经生长过程中 ,pp60c-src( + ) 的调控作用具有时空特异性     

行为问题儿童的生活质量及其影响因素调查

目的:探讨行为问题儿童的生活质量及影响因素.方法:采用Conners量表和儿少主观生活质量问卷调查2087例少年儿童的行为问题和生活质量,然后将问题儿童与正常儿童的结果做比较.结果:行为问题儿童的生活质量明显低于正常儿童,相关分析显示儿少主观生活质量问卷与Conners量表父母问卷和教师评定量表的部分因子存在不同程度的相关.逐步回归显示儿童的学业、行为问题、家庭经济、父亲性格、年龄、父母对不良行为的处理方式、独生共7个变量影响着儿童的生活质量.结论:行为问题儿童生活质量下降,需要得到学校、家庭、同伴、社会等多方面的关怀帮助.