Plantar pressure and surgical indication of toe arthroplasty for rheumatoid forefoot deformity

Objectives: The objective of this study is to clarify the surgical indication for rheumatoid forefoot deformity according to background characteristics and plantar pressure.

Methods: Patients with rheumatoid arthritis were divided into a non-surgical group (group N) and a surgical group (group S). The former consisted of 225?ft, and the latter consisted of 88?ft. DAS28, Japanese Society for Surgery of the Foot rheumatoid arthritis foot and ankle scale (JSSF scale) and hallux valgus angle (HVA) were evaluated as background characteristics. Distribution of peak pressure as plantar pressure was measured in nine sections.

Results: In groups N and S, the mean DAS28 was 3.6 and 3.0, the mean JSSF scale was 81.1 and 63.0, and the mean HVA was 19.9° and 35.3°, respectively. The mean peak pressure of group S at the first and third metatarsophalangeal joints was significantly higher compared with group N. Significant differences between the two groups were also seen in Δ pressure (the difference between the maximum and minimum peak pressure values). The cut-off values were 75.0 for JSSF scale, 24.9° for HVA and 3.94?kg/cm² for Δ pressure.

Conclusions: The combined assessment of HVA and Δ pressure was found to be useful as an indication for surgical treatment of the forefoot.     

3D打印导板辅助髁突骨软骨瘤及继发复杂牙颌面畸形的手术治疗

目的:研究3D打印手术导板辅助髁突骨软骨瘤及继发牙颌面畸形同期矫治的临床可行性。方法:根据影像学资料,运用Dolphin Imaging 11.7 Premium 和Mimics软件进行虚拟外科手术设计并制作3D打印手术导板,指导髁突骨软骨瘤及继发牙颌面畸形的手术矫治。通过对比模拟头颅模型与实际术后CT重建模型评估此方法的临床价值。结果:所有患者患侧关节功能、咬合关系以及颜面对称性都得到了良好的恢复。模拟术后模型与术后扫描重建模型对比中,中切牙与第一磨牙的误差均保持在1.4 mm以下,最大误差出现在颏部,约2.4 mm,显示了新方法的准确性。结论:结果显示虚拟外科手术设计和手术导板有助于髁突骨软骨瘤继发牙颌面畸形的准确诊断、治疗方案设计、准确截骨以及重置骨块。     

Retrograde intrarenal surgery for a staghorn renal calculus in a patient with solitary kidney and urinary tract deformity: a case report

Staghorn renal calculi are large, branched stones in the kidney that partially or completely fill the renal pelvis and renal calyces. Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is the gold standard treatment for staghorn calculi. However, we report a retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) performed to treat a staghorn calculus in a patient with a solitary kidney and a deformed urinary tract. The 37-year-old male patient presented with right-sided lumbar pain. The computed tomography (CT) scan found a solitary kidney on the right side with an opaque 4.5 cm × 2.4 cm renal stone and grade I hydronephrosis. Additionally, a urinary tract deformity was observed, and it was secondary to the deformity of the pelvis caused by a previous pubis fracture, which significantly increased the risk and the difficulty of intrarenal surgery. A total number of 3 sessions of RIRS were conducted, and the patient was discharged 3 days after each session on average. The postoperative X-ray exam of the third session revealed that the renal stone was completely removed. The patient recovered well without any complications. This case demonstrates that RIRS is a safe and effective treatment of staghorn calculi with the presence of urinary tract deformation. This suggests RIRS may be of particular interest in minimizing the procedure-related damage of a solitary kidney.     

肋骨畸形对中度先天性脊柱侧凸患者肺功能的影响

目的:探讨不同程度肋骨畸形对中度先天性脊柱侧凸(CS)患者肺功能的影响。方法:回顾性分析我院2008年1月～2016年12月收治的108例中度CS(胸弯Cobb角40°～70°)患者的临床资料,其中男性49例,女性59例,年龄10～18岁,平均13.5±2.1岁。根据患者肋骨畸形的形态特征及范围将患者分为三组。无畸形组,无肋骨畸形;简单畸形组,有1～2根肋骨数目改变或2～3根肋骨局部融合或分叉;复杂畸形组,3根以上肋骨融合或分叉,或出现胸壁缺损。测量三组患者的影像学及肺功能参数。影像学参数包括:侧凸Cobb角、胸椎后凸角、胸弯累及椎体数、胸廓高度、胸廓横径;肺功能参数包括:肺活量(VC)、用力肺活量(FVC)、第1秒用力呼气容积(FEV1)、最大通气量(MVV)实测值以及实测值占预计值的百分比(实/预)和FEV1/FVC值。对各组影像学参数和肺功能参数的差异进行分析。同时采用卡方检验对各组患者肺功能损害程度和损害模式分布进行分析。结果:三组患者影像学参数(胸弯Cobb角、胸弯后凸角、胸弯累及椎体节段数、胸廓高度、胸廓横径等)均无统计学差异(P0.05)。三组患者中简单畸形组和无畸形组相比,肺功能无显著差异[VC:(81.88±11.11)%vs(78.22±8.49)%; FVC:(81.66±9.72)%vs (78.35±6.74)%; FEV1:(79.50±10.18)%vs (75.73±8.44)%; MVV:(79.10±12.48)%vs (75.04±7.21)%,P0.05]。而复杂畸形组患者肺功能明显比无畸形组较差[VC:(64.68±10.00)%vs (78.22±8.49)%,P=0.012; FVC:(64.61±10.57)%vs (78.35±6.74)%,P0.001; FEV1:(59.57±10.16)%vs (75.73±8.44)%,P0.001; MVV:(62.82±12.02)%vs (75.04±7.21)%,P=0.014]。无畸形组和简单畸形组患者肺功能损害程度无统计学差异,均以轻度及中度肺功能障碍患者为主(χ~2=1.314,P=0.532);而在复杂畸形组中,则以中度及重度肺功能障碍患者居多(χ~2=40.1,P0.001)。三组CS患者肺功能损害类型均以混合性通气功能障碍为主(χ~2=6.4,P=0.202)。结论:对于中度CS患者,简单肋骨畸形对肺功能的影响与无畸形组相比无显著差异,而复杂肋骨畸形与其他两组相比对于肺功能的影响较大,其肺功能损害程度以中重度肺功能障碍为主,肺功能损害类型方以混合性通气功能障碍为主。     

计算机辅助术前矫正模型设计结合3D打印技术在脊柱畸形治疗中的应用

Application of computer-assisted preoperative correction model design combined with 3D printing technology in the treatment of spinal deformities     

颏成形术发展及现况

颏部是维持面部平衡和协调的重要元素,大小和空间位置的变化可导致各种畸形。颏成形术是最早开展的颅颌面轮廓整形之一,主要包括假体植入隆颏术、自体骨植入隆颏术和颏截骨成形术。近年来,计算机辅助外科、机器人外科及3D打印技术开始应用于颏成形术中。本文对颏成形术的发展及现况进行综述。     

360° fusion for realignment of high grade cervical kyphosis by one step surgery: Case report

Surgical treatment for cervical kyphotic deformity is still controversial. Circumferential approach has been well described in the literature but long terms outcomes are not well reported. Important to decide the correct treatment option is the preoperative radiological exams to value the type of deformity (flexible or fixed). We report the case of a 67-year-old woman affected by a severe cervical kyphotic deformity who underwent combined anterior/posterior surgical approach, getting a good reduction of the deformity and an optimal stability in a long term follow up.     

The Use of Robotics Coupled With Navigation for Pediatric Congenital Spine Deformity

Background: Spinal instrumentation in children with congenital spine deformity poses challenges to the surgeon, given the small patient size and the anomalous anatomy often encountered. Purpose: We aimed to investigate the accuracy of screw placement when robotics coupled with real-time navigation was used for surgical treatment of pediatric congenital spine deformity at 1 institution. Methods: We conducted a retrospective search of our institution’s database for all patients younger than 18 years of age with congenital spine deformity who were treated with the robotics surgical platform coupled with navigation between June 2019 and December 2020. We recorded data on demographics, location and type of anomaly, procedure performed, and intraoperative variables related to robotics and navigation. We reviewed the images of patients who had intraoperative 3-dimensional imaging or postoperative computed tomographic scans to determine the accuracy of screw placement using the Gertzbein-Robbins scale. Results: In 14 patients identified, a total of 95 screws were attempted, with 94 successfully placed using robotics coupled with navigation. There were no noted screw-related complications (neurologic or visceral) and no return to the operating room for screw malposition. Conclusion: Patients with congenital spine deformity present potentially unique challenges due to variant anatomy. This retrospective series suggests that robotics coupled with navigation for congenital spine deformity correction in the pediatric population may aid in accurate screw placement and reduce complication rates. More rigorous study is warranted.