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961.
N. M. van Schoor D. L. Knol C. A. W. Glas R. W. J. G. Ostelo A. Leplège C. Cooper O. Johnell P. Lips 《Osteoporosis international》2006,17(4):543-551
Introduction Vertebral deformities are a common consequence of osteoporosis and are known to decrease quality of life. The Qualeffo–41
is a quality-of-life questionnaire especially developed for measuring quality of life in patients with vertebral deformities.
It consists of 41 questions arranged in five domains: pain, physical function, social function, general health perception,
and mental function. The objectives of this study were: (1) to develop a shorter version of the Qualeffo–41 by removing redundant
questions; and (2) to investigate the scale characteristics, reliability, and validity of this shorter version.
Methods The study was performed using data from the Qualeffo validation study and the Multiple Outcomes of Raloxifene Evaluation (MORE)
study. The analyses were performed in patients with vertebral deformities (n=579). Factor analysis on polychoric correlations and an item response theory (IRT) model, i.e., the generalized partial credit
model (GPCM), were used to create a shorter version of Qualeffo–41. Using GPCM, scoring weights were computed for all items.
Results Three items were removed from the data set because of too many missing values. Factor analysis identified three instead of
five domains: (1) pain, (2) physical function, and (3) mental function. Five items had factor loadings <0.4 and were not included
in the GPCM. After excluding several items, the domains pain (four items), physical function (18 items), and mental function
(nine items) showed a good, reasonable, and excellent fit, respectively. This indicates that the mental function domain and
the pain domain are more unidimensional than the physical function domain. All three domains showed a very high correlation
(r ≥0.95) with the corresponding domains of the Qualeffo–41.
Conclusions Qualeffo–31 was developed, consisting of three domains with a reasonable to excellent fit to the GPCM. Although the fit to
the GPCM supports the construct validity of the Qualeffo–31, validation in a new study should be performed before using it
in practice. 相似文献
962.
运用市场手段实现医药自然分开的理论探讨 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
回顾了韩国、我国台湾和大陆实行医药分开改革的过程,认为我国以往的相关改革陷入了“管制”的思维误区。认为通过制度设计,创造医疗机构门诊处方自由流动的环境,依靠市场竞争形成处方流向结构多元化,可以实现医药自然分开状态。提出了“医药自然分开”、“处方流向结构”和“处方分散度”等新概念。 相似文献
963.
964.
M Atasoy† C Aliagaoglu‡ O Sahin§ M Ikbal¶ N Gursan§ 《Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology》2006,20(3):337-340
Linear atrophoderma of Moulin has a distinctive disease pattern characterized by hyperpigmented atrophoderma and was described originally in 1992. It follows the line of Blaschko, and occurs without preceding inflammation, subsequent induration or scleroderma. The lesions usually develop during childhood or adolescence, and the prognosis is good. The diagnosis is made clinically and histopathologically. In our 18-year-old male patient, there were atrophic plaques unilaterally located on the trunk and arm, and white discoloration on all finger nails. Histopathological examination revealed epidermal atrophy together with disruption of collagen fibres. 相似文献
965.
Reviewing the definition of "elderly" 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Hajime Orimo Hideki Ito Takao Suzuki Atsushi Araki Takayuki Hosoi Motoji Sawabe 《Geriatrics & Gerontology International》2006,6(3):149-158
Conventionally, "elderly" has been defined as a chronological age of 65 years old or older, while those from 65 through 74 years old are referred to as "early elderly" and those over 75 years old as "late elderly." However, the evidence on which this definition is based is unknown. We have attempted to review the definition of elderly by analyzing data from long-term longitudinal epidemiological studies, and clinical and pathological studies that have been accumulated at the Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital and the Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology. Our recommendation might be a starting point in developing a strategy for a successful society by reviewing the definition of elderly based on comprehensive evidence in all aspects of social, cultural and medical sciences. 相似文献
966.
967.
Pieter F Vos Oliver Zilch Aag Jennekens-Schinkel Miriam Salden Jasper Nuyen Menno P Kooistra M Alexander C van Huffelen Margriet M Sitskoorn 《Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation》2006,21(9):2529-2535
BACKGROUND: End-stage renal disease patients have a poor quality of life (QoL), suffer from impaired cognitive functioning, and their electroencephalogram (EEG) shows abnormalities. Conventional haemodialysis (CHD) only partially restores these disorders. Short daily haemodialysis (SDHD) has been reported to improve QoL, but effects on cognitive functioning and EEG have yet to be described. METHODS: Of the 13 patients (11 male, 2 female, age 45.5 +/- 8.1 years), 11 completed the Kidney Disease Quality of Life and Affect Balance Scale questionnaires, 10 underwent neuropsychological testing, and all 13 underwent EEG examination. For the neuropsychological assessments, nine patients (six male, three female, age 45.4 +/- 12.6) who remained on the CHD schedule, served as controls. The dialysis schedule of thrice-a-week for 4 h was changed in the experimental group to six times a week for 2 h (SDHD) over a period of 6 months and back to thrice a week for 4 h. RESULTS: When on SDHD, patients rated several dimensions of health-related QoL as being improved. After resuming CHD, one of these dimensions again decreased and several others worsened even lower than baseline. Cognitive functioning did not change when compared with control data. On the EEG, alpha peak frequency increased slightly when on SDHD but decreased significantly after resuming CHD. CONCLUSIONS: SDHD improves health-related QoL, but has no clear effects on cognitive functioning and EEG. Resumption of CHD after SDHD decreases aspects of QoL and EEG alpha peak frequency but has no effect on cognitive functioning. 相似文献
968.
急性低氧运动对血液流变性和红细胞形态的影响及电解质饮料的干预效果 总被引:6,自引:1,他引:5
目的:探讨急性低氧运动对血液流变性和红细胞形态的影响以及补充电解质饮料的干预效果。方法:受试者为8名健康成年男性,均进行两次实验。第1次为急性低氧运动加补充电解质饮料(运动前和运动中)实验,第2次为急性低氧运动不补充任何液体实验,两次实验间隔1周。受试者以70%最大摄氧量(VO2max)强度在低氧环境(O2浓度为15.5%,环境温度为20℃,湿度为55%)下进行1小时的功率自行车运动。分别测定受试者运动前、后的血液流变学指标并观察其红细胞形态的变化。结果:不补液情况下,受试者运动后的血液粘度、红细胞压积及红细胞刚性指数显著增加(P<0.01)。红细胞形态由双凹圆盘形变为一面凸、一面凹的草帽形。运动前和运动中补充电解质饮料,受试者运动后的各项血液流变学指标与运动前相比变化均不显著(P>0.05),且运动后红细胞形态未见明显变化。结论:运动前和运动中补充电解质饮料可缓解急性低氧运动对机体血液流变性产生的不良影响。 相似文献
969.
关节镜下应用“微骨折”方法修复关节软骨缺损 总被引:3,自引:3,他引:0
目的:探讨关节镜下应用“微骨折”技术对膝关节全层关节软骨缺损修复的效果。方法:对68例全层关节软骨缺损患者进行随机分组:实验组(35例),男17例,女18例,平均年龄35.1岁,采用关节清理后应用“微骨折”技术进行处理,即利用骨刀设计的特性和适度的锤击力量造成软骨下的骨组织微小骨折,刺激软骨生长。对照组(33例),男17例,女16例,平均年龄31.6岁,仅作关节清理术。结果:术后随访6~18个月,平均8.6个月,按Lysholm评分标准,实验组明显优于对照组(P<0.01)。结论:关节镜下应用“微骨折”技术能够显著减轻关节疼痛,增加关节活动度,改善关节功能,是一种简单有效的修复全层关节软骨缺损方法。 相似文献
970.
目的 分析经尿道前列腺电切术(TURP)与经尿道前列腺汽化电切术(TVP)术中、术后常见并发症的原因、预防及治疗,提高手术安全性和有效性。方法 回顾性分析1999年5月-2006年6月我院TURP和TVP术48例并发症患者的临床资料。结果 平均手术时间75min,平均切除组织41g。术中、术后出血20例,电切综合征(TURS)5例,暂时性尿失禁11例,膀胱颈部挛缩5例,尿道狭窄8例,尿路感染7例,膀胱穿孔1例。结论 TURP和TVP是良性前列腺增生症安全有效的外科治疗方法,术前详细采集病史,术中正确操作。术后对病人正确指导及处理可有效减少手术并发症。 相似文献