Testicular seminoma with human chorionic gonadotropin production

Testicular seminoma with elevated serum human chorionic gonadotropin level (hCG-positive seminoma) is regarded as more malignant than marker-negative seminoma, although Its prognosis is still unclear. To clarify the malignant potential of seminoma with hCG production, the serum levels of the beta subunit of hCG (β-hCG) and lactic acid dehydrogenase (LDH) were examined in 35 and 40 patients, respectively, and the Immunohistochemical expression of β-hCG examined in 45 tumors. The elevation of the LDH serum level correlated to the Invasive status, metestatic status and poor outcome, while that of the serum β-hCG level correlated only to the metastatic status. Immunohistochemical expression of β-hCG was observed in syncytiotrophoblastic giant cells in 11 tumors and a few mononuclear seminoma cells In 36 tumors. Expression was not associated with the malignancy potential, except where the expression In mononuclear cells Inversely correlated to the invasive status. These results suggest that most seminomas produce a slight amount of hCG; that an elevated hCG serum level Indicates the pressnce of metastatic tumors and mainly reflects an increase in tumor volume but not in cellular malignancy potential; and that the LDH serum level, rather than hCG, is more useful as a prognostic indicator for patients with seminoma.     

鼻腔、副鼻窦原发性肿瘤70例CT分析

本文回顾分析了70例经手术病理证实的鼻腔、副鼻窦原发性良恶性肿瘤的临床和CT表现。讨论了良恶性肿瘤的鉴别诊断,不典型的CT表现及CT的检查价值,认为CT检查可做为鼻腔、副鼻窦肿瘤的首选方法。     

胃癌组织内微血管定量的意义

目的：研究胃癌组织中微血管数量（MVC）与临床病理因素及预后的关系。方法：材料取自瑞金医院1988年～1991年胃癌手术切除标本，共128例。抗因子Ⅷ相关抗原（F-ⅧRAg）的单克隆抗体和免疫组化试剂盒购自Dako公司。研究方法按LSAB法免疫组织化学操作技术常规进行；微血管定量以镜下200倍，肿瘤内5个最高微血管密度区的MVC均数表示；分析MVC与临床病理因素之间关系，并对有完整5年随访资料的86例胃癌患者预后与MVC关系进行探讨。结果：所有胃癌组织中的平均MVC为16.5±8．5，MVC随TNM分期增加而增加，有淋巴结转移患者的MVC（18．3±8.7）明显高于无淋巴结转移患者（13．8±7．4）（P＜0．01），高MVC（≥16）胃癌患者比低MVC（＜16）患者预后明显为差，5年生存率分别为42.5％和58．7％（P＜0．05）。结论：MVC在胃癌患者是一个有意义的预后指标．     

Mediastinal lipoma: Report of a case

We experienced a case of mediastinal lipoma, which is considered to be a relatively rare disease. A 3-year-old girl was referred to Gifu University hospital because of fever and an abnormal shadow on her chest X-ray. The chest X-ray clearly showed a well-delineated tumor shadow which seemed to oppress the diaphragm and the right atrium in the right lower lung area. A computed tomogram (CT) of the chest showed a homogeneous mass localized on the right diaphragm and adjoining the right anterior chest wall and heart. The mass showed a fat density measuring about-100 HU. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a high-intensity mass which was almost the same level as the subcutaneous fat on both the T₁-weighted and T₂-weighted images. Thoracotomy was performed and a fatty tumor was found. It arose from the right side of the pericardium and adjoined the diaphragm, the anterior chest wall, and the thymus. There was no adhesion between the tumor and the surrounding organs. It was resected easily and its contents were yellowish and homogeneous. The patient made an uneventful recovery and was discharged 10 days after the operation. Light microscopy showed a lipoma consisting of mature adipose tissue and no malignancy was found.     

磷酸钙骨水泥修复良性骨肿瘤骨缺损

目的：研究磷酸钙骨水泥(CPC)修复良性骨肿瘤刮除术后遗留的骨缺损的临床应用。方法：应用CPC修复33例患者良性骨肿瘤刮除术后遗留的骨缺损。患者平均年龄38岁，肿瘤类型依次为骨纤维结构不良、骨巨细胞瘤、骨囊肿、动脉瘤样骨囊肿、软骨粘液样纤维瘤、非骨化性纤维瘤、骨母细胞瘤，观察患者术中CPC固化时间，术后全身及切口局部反应，血钙、磷值变化，X线片和CT扫描，平均随访时间19个月。结果：全部患者未见明显不良反应，血钙、磷值未见升高，X线片显示骨缺损处均填充良好，随访见所有患者均有CPC降解和骨替代现象发生。结论：良性骨肿瘤刮除后利用CPC填充修复骨缺损，可充分填充骨肿瘤刮除后不规则瘤腔，即刻恢复骨的强度．经骨替代后可真正完成骨修复。术式简单．并发症少。     

Relationship between renal capsular artery feeding and size of VX-2 carcinoma implant in the rabbit kidney

When regional intraarterial infusion is applied in the treatment of malignant tumors it is essential to reach the tumor via all its major feeder vessels. In this study VX-2 carcinoma was implanted into the lower pole of the left kidney in 24 rabbits to investigate whether the renal capsular artery takes part in tumor feeding. The rabbits were divided into four groups that were followed for 8, 10, 12 or 14 days after tumor implantation. At that time the renal artery was ligated close to the kidney and subsequently silicone rubber or barium sulfate/gelatin suspension was injected into the capsular artery. The tissue was cleared, and the tumor carefully removed and examined microscopically for traces of silicone rubber. When barium sulfate had been injected, the kidney was examined radiographically in order to detect possible presence of contrast medium in the tumor. This study revealed no vascular supply to the implanted VX-2 carcinoma from the capsular artery when the tumor was confined intracapsularly, i.e., up to 12 days after tumor implantation in untreated rabbits.This investigation was performed at the Oncological Research Laboratory, Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway     

Dynamic contrast-enhanced ultrasound with carbon dioxide microbubbles as adjunct to arteriography of liver tumors

Purpose The goal of the study is to evaluate utility of contrast enhanced ultrasound (US) with carbon dioxide microbubbles in evaluation of hepatic lesions.Methods Twenty eight patients with single or multiple t hepatic lesions (11 hepatocellular carcinoma, 8 hemangiomas, 5 metastases, 1 adenoma, 1 focal nodular hyperplasia, 2 regenerative nodules) were examined. US exam was performed during intraarterial injection of 10 ml of CO₂ through the same catheter employed for liver arteriography. The US exam was videotaped in its salient phases. Characteristics of enhancement were evaluated and correlated with histological findings or patient follow up.Results Sonographic angiography clearly demonstrated vascularization of the lesions. Hepatocellular carcinoma, hemangioma, metastases, focal nodular hyperplasia, and regenerative nodules had very characteristic patterns. The injection of CO₂ allowed detection of small additional nodules.Conclusion Sonographic angiography can improve characterization and staging of hepatic tumors. Low cost and the simplicity of the technique should encourage further experimentation.     

前列腺癌患者PSA、PSAD、PSAT测定

目的：探讨前列腺特异抗原（PSA）及前列腺特异抗原密度（PSAD）、前列腺特异抗原移行区密度（PSAT）作为前列腺癌肿瘤标志物的临床价值。方法：选择前列腺癌患者30例、前列腺增生患者30例、健康志愿者20例，采用放射免疫法检测PSA并计算PSAD、PSAT，比较3组间的变化情况。结果：前列腺增生组PSA升高，与对照组相比差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05），前列腺癌组PSA、PSAD、PSAT均升高，与对照组及前列腺增生组对比差异有统计学意义（P＜0．001）。结论：PSA作为前列腺癌肿瘤标志物有重要临床价值，但单纯测定血PSA含量有时不易区分前列腺增生与前列腺癌；PSAD、PSAT在前列腺增生与前列腺癌的鉴别诊断中优于PSA。     

胃癌第一站淋巴结窦组织细胞增生生发中心增生对胃癌预后的影响

目的 :研究胃癌第一站淋巴结窦组织细胞增生 (SH)、生发中心增生 (GCH)对胃癌第一站淋巴结转移及预后的影响。方法 :将SH、GCH分别分为 - ,+ ,+ +三级 ,分析SH ,GCH对胃癌第一淋巴结转移的影响 ,比较其 5年生存率。结果 :①SH -患者淋巴结转移率明显比SH + ,SH + +高 (P <0 .0 0 5 ) ;5年生存率随SH分级数升高而升高 (P <0 .0 0 5 ) ;②GCH -患者淋巴结转移率明显比GCH + ,GCH+ +高 (P <0 .0 0 5 ) ;5年生存率随GCH分级数升高而升高 (P <0 .0 1)。结论 :SH ,GCH患者胃癌第一站淋巴结转移率较低 ;SH ,GCH分级数越高预后越好 ;SH ,GCH可作为预测胃癌预后的指标之一。     

B超,CT与DSA对肝癌介入治疗的指导价值

对１２６列原发性肝癌与３７例转移性肝癌介入治疗前均进行了Ｂ超、ＣＴ与数字减影血管造影（ＤＳＡ）检查。ＤＳＡ显示原发性肝癌多数血供丰富，而转移性肝癌以少血供者为主；ＣＴ显示小病灶的敏感性稍差，病灶的密度和均匀性与血供多少有一定关系，但特异性不高，而病灶的增强次应与血供关系密切，多血供者中９５％有显示的增强效应，少血供者仅占４．７％；Ｂ超所示病灶的回声高低与血供亦有一定关系，但特异性稍差。结果表明，Ｄ