Criminal Responsibility in Amphetamine Psychosis

Abstract: Historical changes in forensic psychiatric evaluation on criminal responsibility and proceedings in psychopathological findings of amphetamine psychosis are reviewed at first. The classification of amphetamine related mental disorders are proposed in 6 types. Among them, the clinical characteristics and psychopathological features of “Anxiety-situational reaction type” (Fukushima) are described. According to some reasonable grounds, offenders diagnosed as anxiety-situational reaction type should be evaluated as diminished responsibility in place of irresponsibility. Finally, two cases of murder committed under the influence of amphetamine, are reported in detail.     

Automatic discrimination of myoelectric signals via parallel cascade identification

It has recently been shown that it is possible to discriminate accurately among myoelectric signals underlying different muscle contraction types, specifically elbow flexion and extension and forearm pronation and supination. It was reported that once a number of distinctive features had been extracted from the myoelectric signals, a neural network could be trained to distinguish the contraction types with an impressively high accuracy. In the present paper, we show that a technique known as parallel cascade identification can be used to construct classifiers that can also accurately, differentiate the contraction types. The use of parallel cascades has the benefit of dispensing with the need for feature extraction, so that raw myoelectric signal data can be used directly. In addition, very little data are required to train the parallel cascades to distinguish accurately novel incoming myoelectric signals. Results of using parallel cascades to distinguish foream pronation, supination, and elbow flexion are presented.     

Can bone metabolism markers be adopted as an alternative to scintigraphic imaging in monitoring bone metastases from breast cancer?

Bone scintigraphy plays a major role in the diagnosis of bone metastases. The clinical utility of new biochemical markers of bone metabolism has recently been investigated in various bone diseases. This study evaluated the role of some bone metabolism markers in comparison with bone scan in the follow-up of breast cancer patients. We studied 149 patients with breast cancer, 33 (22%) of whom had bone metastases. IRMAs were used for the evaluation of blood levels of osteocalcin, bone alkaline phosphatase (BAP), the C-terminal propeptide of type I procollagen and the C-terminal cross-linked telopeptide of type I collagen (ICTP). Multivariate regression analysis showed that menopausal status (P=0.007) and metastatic bone lesions (P=0.001) affected bone marker levels. When considering post-menopausal women, the only subset in which bone metabolism marker behaviour could be reliably investigated, we found a high degree of overlap in marker distribution for scan-positive and scan-negative patients. Discrimination between scan-negative and scan-positive patients based on the above markers, taken singly or jointly, was assessed by means of logistic discriminant analysis. The best discrimination was achieved with BAP, closely followed by ICTP. BAP and ICTP together gave a slight improvement over the use of the two markers separately. However, even in this case the degree of discrimination was poor and its clinical utility was limited. In fact, to achieve a specificity of 95%, the sensitivity of the test was about 20%; conversely, with a sensitivity of 95%, the specificity was below 10%. In conclusion, based on our findings, we believe that blood levels of the investigated markers cannot replace bone scintigraphy in the follow-up of breast cancer patients for the early detection of bone metastases. Received 14 April and in revised form 5 July 1997     

脑血管病患者血清IgE型免疫复合物的检测

本文用胶固素酶联免疫吸附试验检测了１６例缺血性脑血管病（ＩＣＤ）患者，１４例出血性脑血管病（ＨＣＤ）患者和２０例健康正常人的血清ＩｇＥ型循环免疫复合物（ＣＩＤ）水平。结果显示ＩＣＤ组和ＨＣＤ组ＩｇＥ－ＣＩＣ水平明显高于正常组（分别为Ｐ＜０．００１和Ｐ＜０．０５）。ＩＣＤ组与ＨＣＤ组间没有显著差异（Ｐ＞０．０２）。提示脑血管病的发生与ＩｇＥ－ＣＩＣ的形成有关。     

Acrometageria: A spectrum of “premature aging” syndromes

A child with manifestations of acrogeria and metageria, two “premature aging” syndromes, is presented. Because of his indistinct phenotype and because the question has been previously raised as to whether these conditions are separate, we propose the designation of acrometageria to describe this phenotypic continuum. As there is much in common clinically between acrometageria and the syndrome of type III procollagen deficiency (Ehlers-Danlos type IV), it might be presumed that a similar pathogenesis for acrometageria exists. This possibility has been tested previously, without demonstrating specific quantitative or qualitative deficits, but with some indirect evidence that collagen metabolism is deranged in these patients. One such crude indicator is the elevation of urinary hyaluronic acid levels, demonstrated in our patient and also observed in the phenotypically distinct Werner and Hutchinson-Gilford premature aging syndromes. On one hand, it could be argued that this supports the concept that premature aging syndromes exist as a biological continuum. On the other hand, it is equally valid to argue that syndromes of premature aging are so described merely because they include recognizable changes of normal aging and that the demonstration of an underlying mutation in a collagen gene, for example, invalidates their study as models of accelerated normal aging. © Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

组织型纤溶酶原激活物双单抗夹心ELISA建立及临床应用

本文动用自制ｔ－ＰＡ单克隆抗体建立ｔ－ＰＡ：Ａａ夹心ＥＬＩＳＡ法。结合ｔ－ＰＡ：Ａ、ＰＡＩ：Ａ测定，对５０例正常人，８７例肝病，４７例冠心病和１９例深静脉血栓 成患者的血浆ｔ－ＰＡ：Ａｇ、ｔ－ＰＡ：Ａ、ＰＡＩ：Ａ水平进行了研究。     

Induction of type II collagen-specific antibody production in blood lymphocyte cultures of rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) with collagen-induced arthritis using the immobilized native antigen.

Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from Rhesus monkeys previously immunized with bovine type II collagen to induce arthritis were cultured with the same antigen. Because the native protein is poorly soluble in culture medium a heating step is often used. The antigen in this form induced PBMC proliferation, but epitopes for the induction of antibody production and arthritis were lost. To keep the native protein intact it was coated on affigel beads. With the immobilized antigen specific antibody production could be induced.     

采用基因配型行同种异体肾移植术

目的 探讨基因配型技术在同种异体肾移植中的应用。方法采用顺序特异引物聚合酶链反应法(PCR-SSP)分别进行供、受体的基因分型，为3例配型适当的终末性肾病患者行同种异体肾移植术，并观察其术后肾功能恢复情况。结果所有接受肾移植的患者于术后2d肾功能恢复至正常水平，无急性和超急性排异发生。随访11-15个月，各项检查指标均正常。结论 基因配型的准确率较之传统的血清学配型显著增加，显著提高同种异体肾移植的成功率。     

B超测量皮脂厚度的临床应用

目的 :采用B型超声诊断仪进行皮脂厚度测量 ,探讨B超与皮皱厚度卡尺测定结果的相关性。　方法 :选取健康成人 2 19例 ,非疾病死亡 10h之内尸体 11例。用B型超声诊断仪和皮皱厚度卡尺分别测量皮脂厚度。　结果 :B超与皮皱厚度卡尺测量值比较 ,二者差异不显著 (P >0 .0 5 )。　结论 :B型超声诊断仪用于临床评价皮脂厚度是可行的