Microemulsion-based delivery of triamcinolone acetonide to posterior segment of eye using chitosan and butter oil as permeation enhancer: an in vitro and in vivo investigation

The aim of the study was to formulate a microemulsion (ME) using chitosan (CH) and the butter oil (BO) as a permeation enhancer for targeting drug to the posterior segment of the eye, via topical route. Triamcinolone acetonide (TA) was selected as the model drug since it undergoes extensive first-pass metabolism, leading to poor oral bioavailability of 23%. For optimisation of BO concentration, different ratios of TA:BO were prepared by simple physical mixing in the ratio of 1:9 to 9:1 and diffusion study was performed. MEs containing TA, TA:BO and TA CH ME were formulated by water titration method. Globule sizes of TA ME, TA:BO ME and TA CH ME were found to be 66.06?±?0.32?nm, 78.52?±?1.50?nm and 97.30?±?2.50?nm, respectively. In ex vivo diffusion studies using goats eye, TA:BO ME (31.33?±?0.46 and 33.98?±?0.23) and TA CH ME (24.10?±?0.41 and 27.00?±?0.18) showed higher percentage of drug diffusion in comparison to TA ME (13.29?±?0.41and 15.56?±?0.34) and TA solution (8.20?±?1.04 and 10.39?±?0.22) in presence and in absence of vitreous humour. Fluorescence intensity of coumarin-6 (as a marker) loaded ME with BO and CH was found to be higher, confirming their role in altering membrane permeability and facilitating coumarin-6 diffusion to the posterior chamber. Overall, it was concluded that BO enhances the bioavailability of TA across the retina, thereby proving its potential as permeation enhancer in facilitating drug delivery to the posterior segment of the eye.     

醋酸曲安奈德局部注射对变应性鼻炎患者血清白介素4和γ干扰素的影响

目的：评价醋酸曲安奈德局部注射对变应性鼻炎患者血清白介素4（interleukin-4,IL-4）和Y干扰素（interferon-γ,INF-γ）表达水平的影响.方法：60例变应性鼻炎患者随机分成观察组和对照组各30例,对照组予盐酸西替利嗪片10 mg,po,qd,观察组患者双侧中、下鼻甲黏膜下局部注射醋酸曲安奈德治疗.治疗4周后,检测两组患者血清IL-4、IFN-γ水平,比较两组疗效和药品不良反应.结果：观察组总有效率为93.33％,高于对照组的73.33％,但差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）.治疗4周后,观察组IL-4浓度低于对照组（P＜0.01）,IFN-γ浓度高于对照组（P＜0.01）.两组均未发现不能耐受的不良反应或严重不良反应.结论：醋酸曲安奈德局部注射治疗变应性鼻炎疗效较佳,能够降低患者血清IL-4水平,并提高血清IFN-γ水平.     

循证护理对浅表性血管瘤患儿不良反应及不良情绪的影响

目的 探究循证护理对浅表性血管瘤患儿不良反应及不良情绪的影响.方法 采用信封密封法将2019年4月～2020年2月期间我院收治的浅表性血管瘤婴幼儿66例分为两组,分别为对照组(n=33,常规护理干预)及观察组(n=33,循证护理),比较两组疗效、护理满意度、不良情绪及不良反应发生率.结果 观察组总有效率高于对照组(90...     

视网膜光凝术后Tenon’s囊下注射曲安奈德对大鼠视网膜厚度变化影响

目的观察BN大鼠视网膜光凝后部Tenon’s囊下注射曲安奈德(TA)视网膜的厚度变化。方法将雄性BN大鼠右眼的鼻侧视网膜激光光凝。随机分成实验组及对照组,每组6只。将实验组大鼠光凝后立即在光凝眼Tenon’s囊下注射TA 50μL。将对照组大鼠光凝后立即在光凝眼Tenon’s囊下注射同等剂量0.9%NaCl溶液50μL。用光学相干层析技术(OCT3)测量大鼠视网膜厚度。比较光凝前后光凝眼非光凝侧即右眼的颞侧视网膜厚度。结果对照组光凝后24 h大鼠视网膜厚度[(223.9±7.7)μm]较光凝前[(197.6±7.2)μm]明显增加(P<0.05)。实验组后部Tenon’s囊下注射TA[实验组光凝后24 h大鼠视网膜厚度(189.1±7.5)μm]能较好地抑制光凝所致视网膜厚度的增加(P<0.05)。结论激光光凝大鼠视网膜,短期内可导致视网膜厚度增加。Tenon’s囊下注射TA可有效降低激光导致的视网膜厚度的增加。     

曲安奈德治疗瘢痕增生的方法及疗效观察

<正>瘢痕是由各种创伤所致皮肤组织外观形态和组织病理学改变的统称。其形成是一个受多因素影响的复杂病理过程,它既是人体创伤后,伤口自然愈合过程的一种正常、必然的生理反应,也是创     

醋酸曲安奈德局部注射联合手术切除治疗耳部瘢痕疙瘩

目的总结注射醋酸曲安奈德控制瘢痕疙瘩生长后联合手术切除耳垂瘢痕疙瘩的临床经验。方法采用耳垂瘢痕疙瘩局部注射醋酸曲安奈德治疗3~4次后,手术切除耳垂瘢痕疙瘩,术中保留部分瘢痕疙瘩边缘皮肤并行无张力缝合,术后观察6~24个月。结果本组31只耳手术切口全部一期愈合,随访6~24个月,26只耳治愈,4只耳有效,1只耳无效,有效治愈率约96.8%。结论醋酸曲安奈德局部注射后手术切除能有效治疗耳部瘢痕疙瘩。     

曲安奈德口腔软膏联合半导体激光治疗牙龈扁平苔藓临床疗效研究

目的　探讨曲安奈德口腔软膏联合半导体激光治疗牙龈扁平苔藓（lichen planus，LP）的临床疗效。方法　选取2016年9月至2017年10月就诊于中国医科大学附属口腔医院急诊·黏膜科至少由2名临床医生做出相同诊断的牙龈LP患者90例，随机分为A、B、C 3组，每组30例。A组患者采用曲安奈德口腔软膏治疗，每日1次，睡前涂抹，持续1个月； B组患者采用半导体激光局部照射治疗，每2日1次，持续1个月；C组患者采用曲安奈德口腔软膏联合半导体激光治疗，半导体激光先照射（每2日1次），然后药膏睡前涂抹（每日1次），疗程为1个月。分别在治疗前和治疗后1周、2周、1个月观察记录各组患者创面的病损面积、疼痛程度、症状体征。采用SPSS 22.0软件对数据进行统计分析。结果　治疗后3组病损面积均缩小，疼痛程度、症状体征评分均降低，较治疗前差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。治疗后不同阶段组间比较，C组病损面积均小于A组和B组，疼痛程度评分和症状体征评分亦均低于A组和B组，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；A组病损面积均小于B组，B组疼痛程度评分均低于A组，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。治疗后1周，A组和B组症状体征评分差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05），治疗后2周和1个月，A组症状体征评分均低于B组，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。 结论　曲安奈德口腔软膏联合半导体激光治疗牙龈LP的总体效果优于单独用药和单独使用激光，值得临床推广。     

Malignant transformation of oral lichen planus by a chronic inflammatory process. Use of topical corticosteroids to prevent this progression?

Background: Oral lichen planus is a potentially malignant disorder with a capacity, although low, for malignant transformation. Of all the factors related to the process of malignant transformation, it is believed that the chronic inflammatory process plays a key role in the development of oral cancer. This inflammatory process is capable of providing a microenvironment based on different inflammatory cells and molecules that affect cellular growth, proliferation and differentiation. Objectives: The objectives of our study are: to review the available evidence about the possible relationship between the chronic inflammatory process present in oral lichen planus and its malignant transformation, to discuss the potential therapeutic implications derived from this relationship and to study the role that topical corticosteroids play in the control of oral lichen planus inflammation and its possible progression to malignant transformation. Conclusion: The maintenance of a minimum dose of topical corticosteroids could prevent the inflammatory progression of oral lichen planus to oral cancer.     

综合疗法联合关节镜清理术治疗膝关节骨性关节炎的近期疗效

目的探讨综合疗法联合关节镜清理术治疗膝关节骨性关节炎（KOA）的近期效果。方法选择2012年10月至2014年3月江苏省邳州市人民医院收治的50例KOA患者,随机分为观察组和对照组,每组各25例。对照组采用单纯关节镜清理术,观察组在对照组基础上实施综合疗法（痛点阻滞、关节腔注射玻璃酸钠＋曲安奈德和推拿按摩）。比较术后3、6个月两组Lysholm膝关节功能评分和视觉模拟量表（VAS）评分,同时记录两组股四头肌、股二头肌肌力峰力矩（PT）。结果术后3、6个月观察组Lysholm评分以及股四头肌、股二头肌肌力PT高于对照组,VAS评分低于对照组,两组比较,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。两组术后均无严重不良反应。结论与单纯关节镜清理术相比,联用综合疗法能够更好地改善患膝关节功能,缓解疼痛症状,提高股四头肌、股二头肌肌力,近期疗效更为理想。