图表比较教学法在微生物学教学中的应用

图表比较教学法作为微生物学教学的直观教学手段在本科教学中占有十分重要的地位，是形象思维和抽象思维两种思维方式的协调统一。有利于反映各知识层面的内在联系，可使学生加深对知识的理解，增强分析和综合问题的能力，以利于提高教学质量。     

下前牙桩核冠三维有限元模型的建立

目的：建立桩核冠修复后的下颌中切牙及其牙周支持组织的三维有限元模型。方法：利用薄层CT技术、UG软件与ALGOR软件相结合，对层厚为0．2mm的CT断层影像进行分析处理。结果：模型共有单元45153个，节点27763个，可以根据要求任意旋转、缩放、透视、剖开，进行多种方式观察；并可以按照不同研究目的，对模型进行修改和调整，来模拟不同程度牙槽骨吸收、联冠修复以及各种约束和加载条件下前牙的力学反应。结论：利用薄层CT扫描技术、UG自由曲面功能以及ALGOR软件相结合建立的三维有限元模型，能较精确地模拟临床口腔实际情况，为进一步研究下颌前牙不同牙周情况下的修复奠定了良好的基础。     

思想政治课教学对听障学生的教育作用和影响

要提高聋生班思想政治课教学的有效性，树立以人为本的教育理念是前提，提高思想政治课教师的素质是关键，联系聋生的认知特点和思想实际是根本要求，建立良好的师生关系，改进教学方法和教学形式是重要保证，构建真善美的校园文化环境，发挥环境育人的作用是有力的保障。     

社会主义本质论教学探讨

社会主义本质论本身比较抽象,加上现实与理论存在着较大差距,学生思想认识问题较多,使得社会主义本质论的教学难以得取得实效。针对这一实际,提出了从历史和现实2个方面激发学生的学习兴趣,用"定义法"和"比较法"讲清"什么是社会主义",从理论和实践两个层面解决学生思想认识问题的教学策略,为提高教学实效探索了一条有效途径。     

食管癌三维适形后程加速超分割放射治疗的疗效分析

目的评价三维适形后程加速超分割放射治疗食管癌的疗效及放疗反应、并发症。方法2002年2月至2004年5月,71例食管鳞癌随机分成两组,三维适形后程加速超分割组36例,食管病变上下外约4cm,前后、左右外约0.5~1cm作为PTV1,每次2GY,每周5次,DT40GY后,病变上下外约2cm,前后、左右外约0.5~1cm作为PTV2,每日2次,每次1.5GY,间隔4~6小时,总疗程6周,总剂量67GY/38次。非三维适形后程加速超分割组35例,时间、剂量、分割方式同适形组。所有病例均采用8MV-X外照射。结果1、2、3年的生存率和原发肿瘤的局控率,与非适形后程加速超分割比较,适形组明显提高,分别为88.9%、75%、63.9%比68.6%、51.4%、40%和86.1%、72.2%、58.3%比65.7%、48.5%、34.3%。适形组的急性放射反应明显低于非适形后程加速超分割组,两组有显著差别。结论本研究的初步结果表明食管癌适形后程加速超分割放射治疗的疗效优于非适形后程加速超分割组。     

双语教学模式在精神病学教学中的初步应用

本文主要是对双语教学模式、双语教学与精神病学教学的特点进行分析，总结双语教学在精神病学教学中的初步应用，并对双语教学的接受程度及其教学效果相关因子分析。     

Students teaching students: a medical school peer tutorial programme

A peer tutorial programme which is available to all first- and second-year medical students has been in operation at Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine since 1972. A retrospective study of the classes of 1982, 1983 and 1984 was undertaken to assess the participation levels in the tutorial programme and to compare the participation level to available performance parameters. The analysis revealed that 54% of the first-year classes and 22% of the second-year classes participated in the peer tutorial programme. X2 analysis of the data demonstrated that the relationship between participation in the tutorial programme and performance on examinations reached statistical significance. The results suggested that an open peer tutorial programme responded to the needs, both cognitive and affective, of medical students.     

Teaching school health to undergraduate medical students

This paper describes a teaching programme for final- (sixth-) year undergraduate medical students during their 10-week term in child health. Students attend schools on two occasions and are actively involved in the physical, educational and emotional assessment of children. The advantages of the programme include active participation by the students, contact with children in a less threatening environment, learning new skills in the assessment of children, and knowledge of common screening procedures. Student evaluation of the programme has been positive.     

Incremental Value of Three-Dimensional Echocardiography Over Transesophageal Multiplane Two-Dimensional Echocardiography in Qualitative and Quantitative Assessment of Cardiac Masses and Defects

In the present study, we compared three-dimensionally (3-D) reconstructed images with multiplane two-dimensional (2-D) transesophageal echocardiographic (TEE) images in 17 patients with various cardiac masses and defects. To overcome the problem of making measurements from 3-D reconstructed images, we carefully "dissected" the 3-D dataset using paraplane and anyplane 2-D sections, which were then used to obtain the maximum sizes of the cardiac masses and defects. Of the 15 vegetations and 9 abscesses detected by 3-D TEE in 7 patients, only 8 (53%) vegetations and 4 (44%) abscesses were detected by multiplane 2-D TEE (P < 0.02). Also, the exact anatomical location, shape, geometry, and extent of various cardiac masses and defects were more clearly delineated by 3-D than 2-D TEE. The maximum dimensions of cardiac masses and defects were larger by 3-D than by 2-D TEE in 17 (89%) of the 19 lesions available for comparison (P < 0.002). In addition, 3-D TEE correlated more closely than 2-D TEE when compared to surgical measurements in three patients in whom they were available. Thus, it would appear that in several instances, the exact size of the cardiac lesion could only be assessed by analysis of the 3-D volumetric dataset. Out preliminary study has demonstrated the superiority of transesophageal 3-D reconstruction over multiplane 2-D TEE in both qualitative and quantitative assessment of various cardiac mass lesions and pathological defects.     

谈多媒体教学在医学理论课教学中的问题及措施

多媒体技术在教育领域的应用，促进了教育教学理念和方式的变革。然而，通过调查，在医学理论课多媒体教学中出现了一些问题，寻找解决问题的出路，是促进多媒体教学不断成熟和完善，提高现代化教学手段质量的最佳途径。