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22.
Galanin-like immunoreactivity has been visualized in nerve fibers in the islets of Langerhans, suggesting an involvement of
galanin in the neural regulation of islet function. In this study, we investigated the effects of galanin on basal and stimulated
insulin and glucagon secretion by infusing the peptide at three different dose rates in rats. We also studied the direct effect
of galanin on insulin secretion from freshly isolated rat islets. At 320 pmol/kg/min, but not at 20 or 80 pmol/kg/min, galanin
lowered basal plasma insulin levels. In contrast, basal plasma glucagon levels were lowered by galanin already at 20 and 80
pmol/kg/min. Furthermore, galanin inhibited both glucose- and arginine-induced insulin release at all three dose levels, whereas
arginine-induced glucagon release was not affected by galanin. Glucose-stimulated insulin secretion from isolated rat islets
was dose-dependently suppressed by galanin (10-6-10-8M). Therefore, it is concluded that galanin in rats inhibits insulin secretion, both in vivo and in vitro, and that at lower
dose levels, the peptide also inhibits basal glucagon release. 相似文献
23.
J. Saßmannshausen N. Bornfeld A. Kluge W. Sauerwein F. Härting A. Wessing 《International ophthalmology》1989,13(4):243-251
Advanced malignant melanomas of the uvea unsuited for an eye salvaging approach require enucleation of the tumor containing eye. A series of 68 patients is reported who underwent enucleation combined with insertion of a spherical dura-encased implant after 30 Gray pre-irridiation therapy of the orbit. Postoperative results with special attention to cosmetic outcome and motility of the prosthesis suggest that the insertion of an orbital implant should be preferred to the enucleation with no implant. 相似文献
24.
Å. Öst P. Lindström B. Christensson H. Gyllenhammar L. Engstedt 《European journal of haematology》1984,33(2):160-170
A consecutive series of patients (1978–1981) comprising all patients with acute leukaemia from a population of 475000 inhabitants was reviewed. Thus, 94 patients were diagnosed as having acute leukaemia. No patients were lost from follow-up. The incidence figures of ALL and AML differed significantly from those of Sweden as a whole. 9 patients were < 15 years old. The median age of adult patients was 64 years, 60.8% being ≥ 60 years old. Of adult patients with AML, 20% had a preleukaemic history (chronic myeloproliferative disorders, myelodysplastic syndromes and others). None of 6 patients with leukaemia as a metamorphosis of a chronic myeloproliferative disorder achieved a complete remission. The overall remission rate of the remaining adult patients was 25%. Treated patients, 15–39 years old, with AML without any preleukaemic history, had a complete remission rate of 80% compared to 12% for patients ≥ 60 years old with the same diagnosis. Of 60 patients with ‘primary’ AML, 14 were not treated, mainly because of advanced age and complicating diseases. Most of these patients died within a week of admission. 相似文献
25.
David C. Cone MD Susan M. Nedza MD MBA James J. Augustine MD Steven J. Davidson MD MBA 《Academic emergency medicine》2002,9(11):1085-1090
This paper reports the proceedings of the discussion panel assigned to look at clinical aspects of quality in emergency medicine. One of the seven stated objectives of the Academic Emergency Medicine consensus conference on quality in emergency medicine was to educate emergency physicians regarding quality measures and quality improvement as essential aspects of the practice of emergency medicine. Another topic of interest was a discussion of the value of information technology in facilitating quality care in the clinical practice of emergency medicine. It is important to note that this is not intended to be a comprehensive review of this extensive topic, but instead is designed to report the discussion that occurred at this session of the consensus conference. 相似文献
26.
目的:探讨降低喉返神经损伤的方法。方法:2005年9月-2007年1月共有375例甲状腺手术患者,对其喉返神经损伤进行分析。结果:375例病人中有5例喉返神经损伤,其中甲状腺腺瘤3例,桥本甲状腺炎1例,甲状腺癌1例,损伤后立即行喉镜检查示声带处于外展位。给予营养神经治疗,15 d-3个月后完全恢复,喉镜检查示声带正常。结论:喉返神经损伤可以预防,关键是术者应熟悉喉返神经的解剖结构和变异,熟悉其与周围组织及血管的关系,要有手术区域的组织结构特别是喉返神经走行的“立体影像”。 相似文献
27.
特殊部位异位妊娠的临床分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的探讨特殊部位异位妊娠的临床特点,误诊原因及治疗原则。方法对1996年1月至2003年12月诊治的256例特殊部位异位妊娠进行回顾性分析。结果特殊部位异位妊娠发生率占同期异位妊娠的3.36%,术前诊断率48.4%,所有的患者均行手术。视术中情况进行不同的处理,所得标本均经病理切片证实,全部患者愈后良好。结论特殊部位异位妊娠的临床表现不典型,容易漏诊误诊,一旦怀疑本病应尽早住院,及时明确诊断并手术,患者愈后良好。 相似文献
28.
Rodica Pop-Busui Jiang Lu Neuza Lopes Teresa L. Z. Jones and the BARI D Investigators 《Journal of the peripheral nervous system : JPNS》2009,14(1):1-13
Abstract We evaluated the associations between glycemic therapies and prevalence of diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) at baseline among participants in the Bypass Angioplasty Revascularization Investigation 2 Diabetes (BARI 2D) trial on medical and revascularization therapies for coronary artery disease (CAD) and on insulin-sensitizing vs. insulin-providing treatments for diabetes. A total of 2,368 patients with type 2 diabetes and CAD was evaluated. DPN was defined as clinical examination score >2 using the Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument (MNSI). DPN odds ratios across different groups of glycemic therapy were evaluated by multiple logistic regression adjusted for multiple covariates including age, sex, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), and diabetes duration. Fifty-one percent of BARI 2D subjects with valid baseline characteristics and MNSI scores had DPN. After adjusting for all variables, use of insulin was significantly associated with DPN (OR = 1.57, 95% CI: 1.15–2.13). Patients on sulfonylurea (SU) or combination of SU/metformin (Met)/thiazolidinediones (TZD) had marginally higher rates of DPN than the Met/TZD group. This cross-sectional study in a cohort of patients with type 2 diabetes and CAD showed association of insulin use with higher DPN prevalence, independent of disease duration, glycemic control, and other characteristics. The causality between a glycemic control strategy and DPN cannot be evaluated in this cross-sectional study, but continued assessment of DPN and randomized therapies in BARI 2D trial may provide further explanations on the development of DPN. 相似文献
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