聚合酶链反应和噬菌体裂解试验监测鼠疫菌的应用比较研究

应用聚合酶链反应 (PL-PCR)技术和噬菌体裂解试验同时对 80株鼠疫菌 ,1株假结核株、 1株大肠杆菌埃希氏菌进行检测并作比较。结果显示经噬菌体裂解试验 82株菌均在 18～ 2 0 h显示出噬菌斑 ,而其中 2株聚合酶链反应为阴性 ,另 80株全部为鼠疫菌特异性扩增带 ,比较清晰、典型、稳定 ,它有助于鼠疫菌快速特异诊断     

235例神经症患者就诊途径及心理分析

研究目的探讨神经症的就诊途径及心理治疗措施。研究方法分析研究对5例神经症患者的就诊途径、就诊心理、治疗方法和治疗效果。结果对住院治疗的对5例神经症进行分析研究，结果表明，正确的就诊途径，合理的治疗方法，使神经症治疗时间明显缩短，疗效显著提高，有效230例，占97.9％。结论本研究明确了就诊途径、治疗方法在神经症治疗中的重要作用，以及普及精神卫生知识的重要性，为神经症的防治工作提供了重要依据。     

浅谈医疗商业贿赂的成因及预防对策

医疗商业贿赂已引起全社会的高度关注，成为2006年六大重点领域里治理的商业贿赂之一。作者通过分析医疗商业贿赂的危害和原因，提出：①加强思想教育；②坚持依法行政；③完善相关制度；④深化体制改革；⑤完善监督制度等预防对策。     

床旁临时起搏器作为AMI的常备急救设备及其在基层医院推广应用研究

目的 床旁临时起搏器作为急性心肌梗死（AMI）的常备急救设备的价值及其在基层医院推广应用的可行性研究。方法 回顾性研究分析2001-2003年间不能床旁植入临时起搏器与2004-2005年能床旁植入临床起搏器抢救AMI的住院病死率、心衰、心源性休克、2mo后再次住院发生率。临时起搏器植入术安全性的指标比较。结果 不能床旁植入临时起搏器组的住院病死率为14．58％，心衰发生率为27．08％，心源性休克发生率为12．5％，2mo后再次住院发生率为16．67％。床旁植入临时起搏器组的住院病死率为3．57％，心衰发生率为7．14％，心源性休克发生率为3．57％，2mo后再次住院发生率为3．57％，两组相比p〈0．01有显著性差异。而起搏器植入的安全性指标：起搏器植入成功率为100％，脱位率为10．7％，并发症发生率为14.3％，住院病死率3．57％。结论 床旁临时起搏器抢救AMI住院病死率低，心衰发生率、心源性休克发生率及2mo后再次住院发生率低，应作为AMI抢救的常备急救设备，另外床旁临时起搏器植入是安全的、有效的，成功率高，操作不难，在基层医院（二甲医院）可推广应用。     

解构与重构思想政治工作在卫生部门实践社会主义荣辱观中的路径选择

社会主义荣辱观是当代中国社会发展的价值取向和道德支撑。树立社会主义荣辱观与思想政治工作的社会功能发挥休戚相关。思想政治工作如何在卫生部门实践社会主义荣辱观中发挥最大的社会功能．从对思想政治工作解构与重构的两条逻辑主线中，来探究思想政治工作在卫生部门实践社会主义荣辱观中的独特路径与价值意蕴。     

成年男性下颌角间宽与颧弓深度、长度及下颌角厚度的关系

目的：测量下颌角间宽与颧弓深度、颧弓长度及下颌角厚度并进行相关分析，以期在活体上通过测量下颌角间宽来推算颧弓深度、颧弓长度、下颌角厚度，为临床行颜面美容矫治术及复合体的制作提供相关资料。方法：经福尔马林固定、颜面骨正常的成人男性尸体50具，按《人体测量方法》，用游标卡尺直接测量下颌角间宽、左右两侧颧弓深度与长度、下颌角厚度。结果：颧弓深度、颧弓长度、下颌角厚度与下颌角间宽其相关系数分别是，颧弓深度为0．649(P=0．001)，颧弓长度为0．584(P=0．001)，下颌角厚为1．0(P=0．001)，颧弓深度、长度左、右无明显差别。结论：临床采用测量下颌角间宽来推算颧弓深度、颧弓长度及下颌角厚度具有显著性意义。     

自拟白术桃花汤治疗习惯性便秘临床观察

目的　观察白术桃花汤治疗习惯性便秘的疗效。方法　自拟白术桃花汤 (白术 30g ,桃花 12g ,生地黄 30g ,枳实 10g) ,每日服 1剂 ,7d为 1个疗程。对照组服用果导片作对比观察。结果　白术桃花汤治疗习惯性便秘 117例 ,治愈 10 6例 ,好转 4例 ,总有效率 94 .0 2 %;果导片治疗 6 6例 ,治愈18例 ,好转 30例 ,总有效率 72 .73%。两组总有效率比较 ,经统计学处理P <0 0 1,差异有非常显著性意义。结论　白术桃花汤功能为补气除湿 ,增液行气 ,通调大便 ,治疗习惯性便秘疗效满意。     

Carcinoma of the papilla of vater: Are endoscopic appearance and endoscopic biopsy discordant?

Carcinoma of the papilla of Vater is classified as periampullary cancer representing 5% of all gastrointestinal tract malignancies. Early and accurate diagnosis is important for those patients with a tumor of the papilla, as the prognosis is more favorable than in other periampullary neoplasms. Endoscopically obtained biopsies from suspicious papillae can detect an early tumor, although even for skilled pathologists it is often difficult to differentiate carcinomas from noninvasive lesions on the basis of forceps biopsies. The purpose of this study was to assess the preoperative diagnostic accuracy of duodenoscopy appearance and biopsy in all cases with suspicion of tumor. Thirty patients with suspicion of carcinoma of the papilla of Vater and with final diagnosis established by pancreatoduodenectomy were included in this retrospective study. In each case, a comparison was made between endoscopic biopsy and duodenoscopic appearance. Duodenoscopic appearance sensitivity and accuracy for malignancy were 86% and 83%, respectively, whereas endoscopic biopsy sensitivity and accuracy were 65% and 67%, respectively. Although preoperative diagnosis of carcinoma of the papilla of Vater is useful for making therapeutic decisions, the diagnostic value of the endoscopic appearance was superior to endoscopic biopsy in this series. Presented at the 2003 American Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Association Congress, Miami, Florida, February 27-March 3, 2003. Supported by FADA-CAPES/PROP 200J (M.L.D.).     

肘关节后脱位伴桡骨头和尺骨冠突骨折 (恐怖三联征)5例初步报告

[目的]介绍"肘关节恐怖三联征"的概念(肘关节后脱位同时伴有桡骨头和尺骨冠突骨折),并报告5例患者的临床治疗体会。[方法]自2004年4月～2007年3月,作者共收治肘关节三联征损伤5例。桡骨头骨折按Mason法分类:Ⅱ型4例,Ⅲ型1例;按Schatzker法分类:Ⅰ型1例,Ⅱ型3例,Ⅲ型1例。尺骨冠突骨折按Regan-Morrey法分类:Ⅰ型1例,Ⅱ型4例;按O′Driscoll法分类:5例均为Ⅰ型。4例采取了手术内固定治疗,以3 mm钛空心拉力螺钉或1 mm K针分别固定冠突和桡骨头,并缝合修复肘内外侧副韧带。术后屈肘90°前臂旋转中立位石膏外固定3周,开始屈伸和旋转康复训练。[结果]4例手术治疗的患者经3个月～3年随访,骨折愈合,肘关节稳定,无疼痛。肘关节屈伸幅度平均120°,前臂旋转幅度平均110°。3例随访1年以上,Mayo肘关节功能评分:优2例,良1例。未手术治疗的1例功能评定为差,有肘关节不稳定和疼痛。[结论]肘关节恐怖三联征的骨折片虽然很小,但伴有肘内外侧副韧带撕裂,肘关节严重不稳定。只有在重建了骨关节和软组织结构稳定的基础上,及早(3周内)进行康复锻炼,才能获得较好的功能恢复。     

Postpartum hemorrhage today: ICM/FIGO initiative 2004-2006.

Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is the main cause of maternal mortality. Yet, even though solutions have been identified, governments and donor countries have been slow to implement programs to contain the problem. While poverty and low educational level remain the underlying cause of PPH, the current literature suggests that active management of the third stage of labor can prevent it. The International Confederation of Midwives (ICM) and the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) are attempting to address the chronic PPH crisis by educating their members on best practices and on troubleshooting where resources are inadequate. Some studies found oxytocin to be preferable to misoprostol in settings where active management is the norm. However, secondary clinical effects may prove more troublesome with oxytocin than with misoprostol, and misoprostol may prove to be more practical and equally effective in low-resource settings. Two new interventions are also proposed, the anti-shock garment and the balloon tamponade.