社会支持及文化程度对四肢骨折患者治疗态度及心理应激情况的影响

目的探讨社会支持及文化程度对四肢骨折患者治疗态度及心理应激情况的影响。方法选取2011年10月至2012年9月于本院进行治疗的105例四肢骨折患者为研究对象,将患者中不同社会支持程度及文化程度患者的临床依从性及90项症状自评量表评估结果进行比较。结果大专学历及以上、高社会支持患者的临床依从性较佳率分别为95.45%和91.11%,均高于高中及以下、一般及低社会支持的患者,且大专学历及以上90项症状自评量表各项目评分均低于高中及以下患者,高社会支持者均低于一般及低社会支持的患者,以上数据经统计学处理,其差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论社会支持及文化程度对四肢骨折患者治疗态度及心理应激情况的影响较大,在对患者进行干预的过程中应给予充分重视。     

军人心理弹性与疲劳的关系：社会支持与自我效能感的多重中介作用

目的 研究军人疲劳与心理弹性、社会支持以及自我效能感的关系。方法 采用多维疲劳量表(Multidimensional fatigue inventory scale, MFI-20),心理弹性量表(The Connor-Davidson Resilience scale, CD-RISC),一般自我效能感量表(General Self Efficacy Scale, GSES),中文版社会支持问卷(Chinese Version Social support revalued scale, SSRS)对812名军人进行测试。采用相关性分析,回归分析探讨变量间的关系并通过建构结构方程模型检验社会支持、自我效能感在心理弹性与疲劳之间的中介作用。结果 共回收到794份有效问卷,有效率为97.78%。相关性结果分析表明疲劳与心理弹性、社会支持以及自我效能感负相关(P < 0.01),心理弹性与社会支持、自我效能感正相关(P < 0.01), 社会支持与自我效能感正相关(P < 0.01)。回归分析结果表明心理弹性可独立预测疲劳水平(P < 0.001),同时社会支持和自我效能感对疲劳的回归显著(P < 0.001),三者可解释疲劳46.6%的方差变异。结构方程模型结果表明社会支持、自我效能感在心理弹性与疲劳之间的中介作用显著(P = 0.026,P < 0.001, 95%置信区间都不包含0),同时,两者的链式中介在心理弹性与疲劳的也存在显著中介作用(P < 0.001, 95%置信区间都不包含0)。结论 加强军人心理弹性水平训练,增强军人社会支持水平,提高军人自我效能感对军人增强疲劳应对能力,降低疲劳反应,提高作业效能具有重要意义。     

参与社会院前急救 提高应急保障能力

本文通过5年参与地方“120”院前急救的回顾分析,认为在新的医疗形势下及军事变革的新时期,部队医院参与地方院前急救,能充分发挥军队医院的急救设备优良、组织纪律性强、高机动性能及指挥系统灵的优势。充分利用院前急救这个实践平台,提高平时的应急急救水平,促进急诊科的建设与发展;从而在未来战争中,增强应急保障能力,更好地为部队广大伤病员服务,提高部队战斗力。     

社区居民社会支持与应付方式的相关研究

目的了解社区居民社会支持、应付方式及其相互关系,为社区心理卫生服务及其社区卫生服务的管理提供科学依据。方法采用应付方式问卷和社会支持评定量表,对武汉市某社区居民200人进行调查。结果不同年龄组的社区居民在合理化因子、主观支持、支持利用度上存在显著性差异;社区居民男女在应付方式的各因子及社会支持各项得分不存在性别差异;社会支持各项与解决问题、求助呈正相关并有显著性意义;社会支持各项与自责、幻想、退避、合理化呈负相关。结论社区居民应付方式和社会支持不存在性别差异,但存在年龄差异;社区居民的社会支持与应付方式存在相关。     

战役卫勤快速支援系统铁路输送的组织

介绍了战役卫勤快速支援系统的基本情况和装载情况,并给出了其在装载中、铁路运输途中以及卸载时的注意事项,为卫勤分队实现战时应战、平时应急奠定了基础,提高了适应环境能力和自我保障能力。     

杭州市小学生社会能力与家庭支持的关系研究

目的调查杭州市小学生社会能力的现状,从家庭支持的视角分析其影响因素。方法运用Achenbach儿童行为量表以及自编的家庭支持量表,随机整群抽取842名小学生进行调查。结果小学生社会能力得分17.19±3.47分,女生显著高于男生(P<0.01),其差异主要体现在社交能力、学习能力方面;男生6～11岁组社会能力显著高于12～14岁组(P<0.01),年龄组间差异主要体现在学习能力方面。社会能力的三因子互相关联(P<0.01)。父母对孩子的心理健康重视程度、孩子遇事与父母交流的程度、孩子是否参加俱乐部或小组等团队组织等是影响小学生社会能力的主要家庭支持因素(P均<0.05)。结论重视和加强家庭支持相关要素,对提高小学生社会能力具有重要意义。     

Retrospective Analysis of Emotional Burden and the Need for Support of Patients and Their Informal Caregivers after Palliative Radiation Treatment for Brain Metastases

Cancer burdens not only the patients themselves but also their personal environment. A few studies have already focused on the mental health and personal needs of caregivers of patients. The purpose of this retrospective analysis was to further assess the emotional burden and unmet needs for support of caregivers in a population of brain metastasis patients. In the time period 2013–2020, we identified 42 informal caregivers of their respective patients after palliative radiation treatment for brain metastases. The caregivers completed two standardized questionnaires about different treatment aspects, their emotional burden, and unmet needs for support. Involvement of psycho-oncology and palliative care was examined in a chart review. The majority of the caregivers (71.4%, n = 30) suffered from high emotional burden during cancer treatment of their relatives and showed unmet needs for emotional and psychosocial support, mostly referring to information needs and the involvement in the patient’s treatment decisions. Other unmet needs referred to handling personal needs and fears of dealing with the sick cancer patient in terms of practical care tasks and appropriate communication. Palliative care was involved in 30 cases and psycho-oncology in 12 cases. There is a high need for emotional and psychosocial support in informal caregivers of cancer patients. There might still be room for an improvement of psychosocial and psycho-oncological support. Care planning should cater to the emotional burden and unmet needs of informal caregivers as well. Further prospective studies in larger samples should be performed in order to confirm this analysis.     

Contemporary outcomes of cardiac surgery patients supported by the intra-aortic balloon pump

Open in a separate window OBJECTIVESAlthough the intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) has been the most widely adopted temporary mechanical support device in cardiac surgical patients, its use has declined. The current study aimed to evaluate the occurrence and predictors of early mortality and complication rates in contemporary cardiac surgery patients supported by an IABP.METHODSA multicentre, retrospective analysis was performed of all consecutive cardiac surgical patients receiving perioperative balloon pump support in 8 centres between January 2010 to December 2019. The primary outcome was early mortality, and secondary outcomes were balloon-associated complications. A multivariable binary logistic regression model was applied to evaluate predictors of the primary outcome.RESULTSThe study cohort consisted of 2615 consecutive patients. The median age was 68 years [25th percentile 61, 75th percentile 75 years], with the majority being male (76.9%), and a mean calculated 30-day mortality risk of 10.0%. Early mortality was 12.7% (n = 333), due to cardiac causes (n = 266), neurological causes (=22), balloon-related causes (n = 5) and other causes (n = 40). A composite end point of all vascular complications occurred in 7.2% of patients, and leg ischaemia was observed in 1.3% of patients. The most important predictors of early mortality were peripheral vascular disease [odds ratio (OR) 1.63], postoperative dialysis requirement (OR 10.40) and vascular complications (OR 2.57).CONCLUSIONSThe use of the perioperative IABP proved to be safe and demonstrated relatively low complication rates, particularly for leg ischaemia. As such, we believe that specialists should not be held back to use this widely available treatment in high-risk cardiac surgical patients when indicated.