新型酮康唑喷膜的制备及其对湿疹和体癣豚鼠模型的疗效

目的:制备新型酮康唑缓释喷膜,观察其对湿疹和体癣豚鼠模型的疗效.方法:以壳聚糖盐酸盐为成膜辅料,研制新型酮康唑喷膜,采用HPLC法测定其含量.色谱条件:Waters Symttry C18色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm);流动相为甲醇-磷酸二氢钾缓冲液(4∶1);流速为0.6 ml/min;检测波长为239 nm;柱温为(22±2)℃.建立新型酮康唑喷膜的质量控制标准.观察新型酮康唑喷膜对豚鼠湿疹和体癣模型的疗效,以喷膜基质作对照,并分别与地塞米松止痒霜和复方酮康唑霜的疗效相比较.结果:酮康唑和醋酸地塞米松的线性范围分别为0.2～2.0 mg/ml和0.02～0.20 mg/ml;回收率分别为98.41%和97.84%;两者日内RSD和日间RSD分别为1.17%和1.26%、1.57%和1.40%.皮肤刺激性实验表明其对豚鼠皮肤无刺激.新型酮康唑喷膜对湿疹和体癣模型疗效分别与地塞米松止痒霜和复方酮康唑霜相当.结论:新型酮康唑喷膜制备工艺简单,对湿疹和体癣模型疗效确切,具备复方制剂的优势.     

甲氨喋呤和雷公藤对类风湿关节炎滑膜细胞产生趋化因子的影响

目的:探讨甲氨喋呤(MTX)和雷公藤多甙(TG)对类风湿关节炎(RA)滑膜细胞产生CC趋化因子受体5配体(CCL5)的影响. 方法:分离13例RA和7例骨关节炎(OA)的滑膜细胞行体外培养,并用细胞脂多糖(LPS)诱导CCL5产生,同时加入或不加入不同浓度的MTX或TG. 采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)测定培养上清液中的CCL5水平. 结果:RA滑膜细胞体外自发产生CCL5水平高于OA滑膜细胞(P<0.05);LPS刺激后,RA和OA滑膜细胞产生CCL5水平均较刺激前显著升高(P均<0.001),但二者间无显著性差异(P>0.05);MTX和TG均可显著抑制RA滑膜细胞产生CCL5,但二者抑制方式不同:MTX剂量在5～20 μg/L的剂量范围内呈现剂量依赖性效应,之后随剂量的增大,其抑制作用不再进一步增强. 而TG 未显示出剂量依赖性抑制效应,仅在剂量达到或超过40 μg/L时出现比MTX更显著的抑制作用. TG抑制CCL5产生与其所致的滑膜细胞死亡相关. 结论:RA滑膜细胞产生CCL5增高,MTX和TG均可显著抑制CCL5的产生,其中TG抑制CCL5产生与其细胞毒作用有关.     

恶性疟原虫顶端膜抗原1基因转染伯氏疟原虫模型的建立

目的：建立恶性疟原虫顶端膜抗原1（AMA-1）基因转染伯氏疟原虫的模型．方法：将含有恶性疟原虫AMA-1基因的重组转染质粒pDB.DTm. DB./AB. AF. DB．用Bgl Ⅰ酶切线性化．伯氏疟原虫经体外培养和分离后进行电转化,转化的原虫经药物筛选后进行PCR检测．结果：PCR检测显示转染伯氏疟原虫存在恶性疟原虫AMA-1基因．结论：成功建立了恶性疟原虫AMA-1基因转染伯氏疟原虫的模型,为进一步研究提供了基础．     

不同组织膜蛋白及二甲基亚砜对小脑颗粒细胞突起生长的影响

目的探讨不同组织膜蛋白提取物和二甲基亚砜对大鼠小脑颗粒细胞（CGC）突起生长的影响。方法提取成年大鼠肝、坐骨神经和脑白质的组织膜蛋白包被盖片,接种CGC于盖片上,同时将二甲基亚砜（DMSO）作为添加剂加入培养液,观察CGC突起的生长。结果①脑白质膜蛋白能明显抑制CGC突起的生长,随浓度增加抑制效应更加明显;坐骨神经膜蛋白对CGC突起生长抑制不明显,肝组织膜蛋白则能促进突起生长;②随DMSO浓度升高CGC突起生长逐渐受到抑制,当DMSO浓度小于1％时,CGC突起长度与对照对照差别不大。结论脑白质膜蛋白对CGC突起生长有明显抑制作用,而DMSO添加到培养液中在低浓度时不会显著影响神经元突起生长,可用于检测药物及疏水性分子对体外培养的神经细胞突起生长的作用。     

钙通道激动剂Bay k 8644对重症失血性休克大鼠细动脉平滑肌细胞膜电位的作用

目的 探讨平滑肌细胞外钙内流对正常膜电位和休克后期超极化膜电位状态的影响。方法制作失血性休克大鼠模型．分离血管平滑肌细胞（ASMCs）,用DiBAC4（3）标记细胞膜电位,共聚焦显微镜观察Bayk8644和TEA对正常对照组和休克组细胞膜电位的影响。结果Bay k 8644使正常对照组的ASMCs膜电位超极化,而Bay k 8644对休克组ASMCs膜电位的作用是去极化,但这种作用可被TEA逆转。结论在正常情况下外钙大量内流会激活BKCa使细胞膜电位超极化,而在休克后期外钙内流会直接导致ASMCs膜电位的去极化,对于休克后期低反应性的治疗有重要意义。     

散结乳癖膏对白色念珠菌的体外抑菌作用研究

目的研究散结乳癖膏对白色念珠菌的抑菌作用及其作用机制,为临床治疗女性外生殖道感染疾病新制剂的研制奠定基础。方法采用倍比稀释法检测散结乳癖膏最低抑菌浓度(MIC)及最低杀菌浓度(MBC);采用MTT法确定散结乳癖膏对白色念珠菌的抑菌率,激光共聚焦显微镜下观察不同浓度药物作用于白色念珠菌后的效果,同时对其进行红绿荧光染色定量分析,观察药物作用后细菌的形态变化。结果倍比稀释法结果显示散结乳癖膏药物对白色念珠菌的最低抑菌浓度为25 mg·mL^-1,最低杀菌浓度为50 mg·mL^-1。MTT法结果显示在本实验所测的浓度范围内,散结乳癖膏药物对白色念珠菌的抑菌率可随着给药浓度的增加而显著增强其抑菌率(P<0.05)。在激光共聚焦显微镜下可清楚观察到散结乳癖膏作用于白色念珠菌,减少生物膜内活菌量并可以使之存活率降低,且破坏白色念珠菌生物膜并使其活性降低(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论散结乳癖膏药物对白色念珠菌起到了显著的抑制作用,并具有对白色念珠菌生物膜破坏的能力。     

Characterization of Five Collagenous Biomaterials by SEM Observations,TG-DTA,Collagenase Dissolution Tests and Subcutaneous Implantation Tests

Collagenous biomaterials that are clinically applied in dentistry have dermis-type and membrane-type, both of which are materials for promoting bone and soft tissue formation. The properties of materials supplied with different types could affect their biodegradation periods. The purpose of this study was to characterize five of these products by four different methods: scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observation, thermogravimetry-differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA), 0.01 wt% collagenase dissolution test, and subcutaneous implantation test in vivo. SEM micrographs revealed that both dermis and membranous materials were fibrous and porous. The membranous materials had higher specific derivative thermal gravimetry (DTG) peak temperatures in TG-DTA at around 320 °C, longer collagenase dissolution time ranging from about 300 to 500 min, and more longevity in mice exceeding 9 weeks than the dermis materials. There existed a correlation between the peak temperature in TG-DTA and the collagenase dissolution time. It was considered that higher cross-link degree among collagen fibrils of the membrane-type collagenous materials might account for these phenomena. The experimental protocol and numerical results obtained could be helpful for selection and future development of fibrous collagenous biomaterials in clinical use.     

Effect of Foveal Pit Restoration in Foveal Avascular Zone after Surgery for Idiopathic Epiretinal Membrane

PurposeTo investigate the relationship between ophthalmic parameters—including optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT angiography findings—and foveal pit restoration in eyes that had undergone vitrectomy for idiopathic epiretinal membrane (iERM) removal.MethodsThis study retrospectively analyzed data of patients who underwent pars planar vitrectomy for the removal of epirentinal membrane. Only eyes with iERM above stage 2 with a follow-up over 6 months were included. Baseline data and changes in ophthalmic parameters were analyzed from 3 months before to 12 months after surgery. Additionally, we stratified iERM patients into two groups (foveal pit restoration and no restoration group). Longitudinal comparison analyses between the two groups were done in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central foveal thickness (CFT) and foveal avascular zone (FAZ) areas measurements using swept-source OCT and OCT angiography.ResultsForty-three patients with a mean age of 75 ± 5 years were enrolled. After surgery, BCVA, FAZ, and CFT showed improvements over time (all p < 0.002). Thirty-one patients were designated into the foveal pit restoration (R) group and 12 patients into the no restoration (NR) group. Differences in BCVA and FAZ area in both groups existed up to 6 months. However, BCVA improved and FAZ expanded (R, 0.20 ± 0.05 vs. NR, 0.18 ± 0.04) in both groups showing no statistical difference 12 months postsurgery. The CFT decreased in both groups, but the R group was thinner at every point compared to the NR group (all p < 0.05).ConclusionsThe removal of epirentinal membrane in pars planar vitrectomy significantly improves BCVA, decreases the CFT and expands the FAZ. Foveal pit restoration improves BCVA, CFT, and FAZ area possibly at a faster rate in the early months but long-term improvements could be achieved regardless of the status of foveal pit restoration.     

先天性纤维血管瞳孔膜患儿的眼部生物学参数和屈光状况

目的：:观察先天性纤维血管瞳孔膜（CFPM）患儿的临床表现、术前生物学参数及术后屈光状况。方法：:回顾性系列病例研究。分析2016年7月至2019年12月在温州医科大学附属眼视光医院杭州院区接受手术治疗的CFPM患儿13例（15眼）的临床资料,其中11例单眼发病,2例双眼发病。记录患儿手术年龄、合并症、眼部生物学参数、...