中比两国居民营养状况及膳食结构比较

目的 :比较中比两国居民饮食营养状况的异同及中国人群膳食结构变化趋势。方法 :称重和记帐膳食调查。结果 :两国人均日总热能摄入量相近 ,中国人均蛋白质、维生素A(VitA)、核黄素 (VitB1)、钙 (Ca)等摄入量则明显低于比利时 ;中国人均动物性食品摄入量随经济收入的增高而增多。结论 :中国居民主要营养素摄入能满足机体需要 ,食物结构趋向优化 ,但要进一步促进豆类和乳类食品的生产和消费。     

苏州市职工医疗保健制度改革后3家三级医院门诊费用的调查分析

目的　调查苏州市医改后门诊费用状况。方法　采用计算机SPSS软件系统分析 30 5 4张三家三级医院的门诊处方。结果　公费次均费 183.2 9± 175 .89元 ,自费 87.85± 95 .6 1元 ,而医保则为 71.36± 49.5 5元 ,三者差别有非常显著意义 (P =0 .0 0 0 0 )。变异系数分别为 96 .0 % ,10 8.8% ,6 9.6 %。医保病人个体差异最小 ,超定额率为 72 .0 % ,36 .4%和 37.3% (P <0 .0 1)。结论　医保门诊定额偏紧 ,门诊主要表现为负面效应 ,应调动医院积极性 ,采取有效控制门诊费用的措施。     

Health Insurance Coverage of the Children of Immigrants in the United States

Objectives: This study assesses the health insurance coverage of children of immigrants in the United States and variations among immigrant groups. Method: The study uses data from the March supplements of the 1994 and 1996 Current Population Survey to compare health insurance coverage of children who report foreign parentage. Separate logistic regressions are conducted to estimate the likelihood of being covered by any insurance, public insurance, and private insurance. Results: 27.3% of all children of immigrants are without health insurance, 34.1% are on public insurance, and 44.3% have private insurance. Foreign-born children who have not yet become U.S. citizens are the most likely to be without health insurance (38.0%). Many of these children are not covered because their parents are unable to find jobs that provide coverage and Medicaid fails to enroll as many of them as possible. Overall, the children's chances of being covered by any health insurance vary little according to when their parents came to this country. However, children of recent immigrants are more likely to rely on public health insurance (40.1% vs. 24.8%) and less likely to be covered through private sources (36.8% vs. 60.6%) than those of established immigrants. Among immigrant groups, children of Haitian (48.4%) and Korean (45.3%) immigrants are at the highest risks of being uninsured. Both children of the Dominican Republic (65.9%) and Laos (83.3%) report high rates of public insurance coverage. Conclusions: Greater disparity in health insurance coverage among children of immigrants is expected once the new welfare reform bills take effect. In particular, noncitizen children, children of recent immigrants, illegal immigrants, and Dominican Republican immigrants will be affected most. Efforts aimed at reducing the harm should target these vulnerable groups.     

北京地区啮齿动物种类和地理分布调查

目的：了解北京地区啮齿动物种类和地理分布。方法：依据历年积累资料、标本、文献记载及近几年实地调查。结果：有２７种啮齿动物,隶属于２目５科１７属及４种生态类型、５种不同水热型。结论：北京地区啮齿动物的分布随生态类型和水热型不同而有所不同。     

新疆生产建设兵团卫生服务需要分析

目的 为了解现阶段兵团居民的健康水平、卫生服务需要量、医疗保健费用、卫生资及其利用效率,为合理地配置和规划卫生资料提供科学依据。方法 采取多阶段分层、整群抽样的方法,于１９９８年７月２１日～８月１０日在新疆生产建设兵团抽取５个师,１３５５９人进行家庭入户健康访问调查。结果 兵团居民的两周患病率为１０９．９‰,其中市区居民的两周患病率为１１８．０‰、农场的两周患病主为１０６．４‰,城乡两周患病率比较     

Sequential electrodiagnostic evaluation of diabetic neuropathy after combined pancreatic and renal transplantation

To asses the long-term evolution of diabetic polyneuropathy after a combined kidney-pancreas transplant, an electrophysiological study was performed in 20 diabetic patients before transplant, and 1 (n=18), 2 (n=16), 3 (n=10) and 4 years (n=5) at a later date. Motor and sensory scores were calculated for conduction velocity and amplitude to determine the physiopathological process. During evolution the scores were not found to be decreasing. Motor and sensory velocity scores were significantly improved (p<0.05) 1=" and=" 2=" years=" after=" the=" graft,=" when=" score=" values=" tended=" to=" stabilize.=" motor=" and=" sensory=" amplitude=" scores,=" which=" are=" more=" sensitive=" for=" axonal=" loss=" assessment=" were=" slightly=" but=" not=" significantly=">     

围手术期抗菌药物应用的调查分析

目的：了解苏州第四人民医院外科手术病人抗菌药物应用的现状及合理性。方法：根据事先设计好的调查表，按统一方法、统一标准和统一内容对10个科室的575例手术病人的出院病历作回顾性调查。结果：外科出院手术病人抗菌药物总使用率92．52％，预防性应用率56．77％。头孢菌素类药物使用频率最高，其次为氟喹诺酮类、硝咪唑类，三共占71．69％。结论：加强抗菌药物应用的管理，执行规范的围手术期抗菌药物的使用原则非常重要。     

镇静催眠药依赖性失眠临床特征与从肝论治分析

为研究镇静催眠药依赖性失眠患者的临床特征，通过对670例服用镇静催眠药的失眠症患者的调查。发现此类患者的主要证候除睡不安稳外，还伴有头昏胀痛、心烦意乱、口干或口苦等十大症状；苯二氮卓类仍然是当今临床医师最常用的镇静催眠药，绝大部分患者对这些药品有依赖性；从肝论治法能在改善患者睡眠的同时，递减药量。     

提高乳腺癌早期诊断水平的研究

目的：评价育龄妇女乳腺疾病普查、乳腺钼靶摄片及^99mTc-MIBI核素显像在乳腺癌早期诊断中的价值，探索提高乳腺癌早期诊断的方法。方法：对徐州地区10万例育龄妇女进行乳腺疾病的普查，筛选出的乳腺癌高危人群及门诊就诊的乳腺疾{戎患者行乳腺钼靶摄片及^99mTc-MIB核素显像检查。结果：普查乳腺癌检出率为28．9／10万。乳腺钼靶摄片诊断乳腺癌的灵敏度为90．2％、特异性为31.4％。^99mTc-MIBI核素显像灵敏度为82．5％，特异性为90．2％。联合应用乳腺钼靶摄片与^99mTc-MIBI核素显像，对乳腺癌诊断的灵敏性为100％，特异性为99．3％。结论：育龄妇女乳腺疾病普查，结合乳腺钼靶摄片及^99mTc-MIBI核素显像可以明显提高乳腺癌的诊断率。