Kluger's “Fixateur interne” for spinal instability

Kluger's Fixateur Interne proved to be an excellent tool not only in spinal trauma for repositioning of impacted fractures and transpedicular stabilization of the dorsal column but also in other forms of thoracic or lumbar instability.After spinal tumor excision from a dorsal approach and vertebral replacement with methylmethacrylate additional stability through dorsal fixation was achieved with this device.Spondylodiscitis, symptomatic spondylolisthesis, spinal instability from degenerative disc disease as well as nonunion following previous surgery could be cured using Kluger's internal fixation. Rare complications, i.e. from broken screws or rods (5%) caused no problems, but some patients required a second operation for readjustment of malpositioned screws which were causing pain or neurological deficit.     

椎弓根内固定联合椎间融合器植骨治疗腰椎滑脱症

目的探讨联合应用椎弓根内固定和椎间融合器植骨融合治疗腰椎滑脱症的方法和临床疗效。方法用后路减压、复位椎弓根内固定联合应用单枚斜向椎间融合器融合或单侧经椎间孔腰椎体间融合器融合治疗有症状的腰椎滑脱症。本组随访21例,时间6～24个月,平均14个月。结果滑脱椎体复位理想,8例Ⅰ度滑脱完全复位,13例Ⅱ度中有7例完全复位,6例仍有Ⅰ度滑脱。融合节段全部获得骨性融合。疗效评价:优14例,良5例,可2例;优良率94%。结论联合应用椎弓根内固定和椎间融合器植骨融合在治疗腰椎滑脱症起到协同作用,为神经减压后的脊柱提供理想的复位和固定的力量,利于植骨融合,临床疗效满意,是治疗腰椎滑脱症的一种理想方法。     

退变性腰椎管狭窄症伴Ⅰ度滑脱的手术治疗

目的观察退变性腰椎管狭窄症伴Ⅰ度滑脱经椎弓根钉系统及腰椎管减压融合内固定术的治疗效果。方法回顾分析退变性腰椎管单平面狭窄症伴Ⅰ度滑脱病例56例，患者平均年龄63．4岁，平均病程51个月。病变节段：L4-5，40例，L5-S1 16例。手术方式采用全椎板减压加植骨融合及椎弓根钉内固定，术后功能采用北美脊柱外科协会的腰椎功能障碍指数（Oswestry Disability Index）评定。结果本组35例获得随访，随访时间8个月～4年，平均随访27个月。术后改善率为优26例、良5例、可3例、差1例，优良率为88．6％。随访过程中3个月内植骨融合者29例（包括5例椎间植骨融合者），6个月内植骨融合4例，出现假关节2例，其中1例发生内固定断裂。结论对退变性腰椎管狭窄症伴Ⅰ度滑脱，采用椎管减压植骨融合内固定术，短期内可保证脊柱融合，达到稳定脊柱、解除症状的目的。     

椎弓根螺钉内固定联合Cage治疗腰椎滑脱症

目的探讨后路椎弓根螺钉内固定联合椎间融合器(Cage)治疗腰椎滑脱症的疗效。方法分析自2000年4月~2003年12月,采用后路椎管及神经根管减压,短节段椎弓根系统固定联合Cage治疗腰椎滑脱症共12例,按M eyer-d ing分度:Ⅰ°滑脱7例,Ⅱ°滑脱4例,Ⅲ°滑脱1例。术后随访2~4.5年,平均3.2年。结果12例患者椎体间骨性融合率1年89%,2.3年达100%,优良率为91.7%。结论采用椎弓根内固定系统结合Cage治疗腰椎滑脱效果良好,二者能够相互协同,相互促进,符合腰椎生物力学的要求,是治疗腰椎滑脱症的有效方法之一。     

椎弓根螺钉复位固定加不同的植骨方法 治疗腰椎滑脱的疗效比较

目的探讨不同类型腰椎滑脱的手术治疗方法、疗效及优缺点。方法应用后路椎弓根螺钉加不同的植骨方法共治疗腰椎滑脱患者50例，按植骨方法不同，随机分为A、B、C三组，比较术后疗效、复位率、植骨融合率及复位丢失率等。结果门诊随访6个月～3年，结果显示44例基本上达解剖复位，优37例，良7例，优良率达88．0％，后外侧植骨16例中有6例复位丢失，其中1例发生椎弓根螺钉断裂。结论对于不同类型的腰椎滑脱可采用经椎弓根螺钉复位固定加不同类型的植骨方法，其中以椎间植骨及椎间cage植骨融合率较高，复位无丢失，是一种较好的治疗腰椎滑脱的方法。     

Long‐term Radiological and Clinical Outcome after Lumbar Spinal Fusion Surgery in Patients with Degenerative Spondylolisthesis: A Prospective 6‐Year Follow‐up Study

ObjectiveTo assess which radiological alignment parameters are associated with a satisfactory long‐term clinical outcome after performing lumbar spinal fusion for treating degenerative spondylolisthesis.MethodsThis single‐center prospective study assessed the relation between radiological alignment parameters measured on standing lateral lumbar spine radiographs and the patient‐reported outcome using four different questionnaires (COMI, EQ‐5D, ODI and VAS) as primary outcome measures (level of evidence: II). The following spinopelvic alignment parameters were used: gliding angle, sacral inclination, anterior displacement, sagittal rotation, lumbar lordosis, sacral slope, pelvic tilt and pelvic incidence. Furthermore, the length of stay and perioperative complications were documented. Only cases from 2013 to 2015 of low‐grade degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis (Meyerding grades I and II) were considered. The patients underwent open posterior lumbar fusion surgery by pedicle screw instrumentation and cage insertion. The operative technique was either a posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) or a transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) performed by three different senior orthopedic surgeons. Exclusion criteria were spine fractures, minimally invasive techniques, underlying malignant diseases or acute infections, previous or multisegmental spine surgery as well as preoperative neurologic impairment. Of 89 initially contacted patients, 17 patients were included for data analysis (11 males, six females).ResultsThe data of 17 patients after mono‐ or bisegmental lumbar fusion surgery to treat low‐grade lumbar spondylolisthesis and with a follow‐up time of least 72 months were analyzed. The mean age was 66.7 ± 11.3 years. In terms of complications two dural tears and one intraoperative bleeding occurred. The average body mass index (BMI) was 27.6 ± 4.4 kg/m² and the average inpatient length of stay was 12.9 ± 3.8 days (range: 8–21). The long‐term clinical outcome correlated significantly with the change of the pelvic tilt (r _s = −0.515, P < 0.05) and the sagittal rotation (r _s = −0.545, P < 0.05). The sacral slope was significantly associated with the sacral inclination (r _s = 0.637, P < 0.01) and the pelvic incidence (r _s = 0.500, P < 0.05). In addition, the pelvic incidence showed a significant correlation with the pelvic tilt (r _s = 0.709, P < 0.01). The change of the different clinical scores over time also correlated significantly between the different questionnaires.ConclusionsThe surgical modification of the pelvic tilt and the sagittal rotation are the two radiological alignment parameters that can most accurately predict the long‐term clinical outcome after lumbar interbody fusion surgery.     

成人腰椎滑脱症手术治疗进展

腰椎滑脱症是临床上的常见病和多发病,主要症状为下腰部疼痛,可有间歇性跛行及神经根性痛等下肢神经症状,越来越多的患者正饱受其困扰。随着医学技术的不断发展,本病的手术治疗也在不断发展和完善,但其临床表现复杂,目前对其治疗方式的选择尚未达成统一的认识,其手术治疗方式的选择仍在争论和探索。本文对近年手术治疗腰椎滑脱症的相关文献资料进行回顾与总结。     

后路椎间融合器结合新型椎弓根钉系统治疗腰椎滑脱症

目的 探讨纯钛多孔涂层后路椎间融合器结合新型椎弓根钉系统对腰椎滑脱症的治疗效果。方法 33例腰椎滑脱症病人,采用后路全椎板切除减压、纯钛多孔涂层后路椎间融合器行椎间融合、新型椎弓根钉系统内固定治疗。结果 33例术后均随访,时间6~36个月,平均18.6个月。本组患者术后无神经损伤和切口感染,动态摄片观察无融合器移位、椎弓根螺钉松脱、断裂等并发症。按Brantigan评价标准评定结果:优21例、良10例、可2例、差0例。结论 纯钛多孔涂层后路椎间融合器结合新型椎弓根钉系统治疗腰椎滑脱症,具有椎管减压充分、椎体复位好、术后能立即改善疼痛症状、立即稳定椎体、病人可早期下床等优点,是一种治疗腰椎滑脱症较理想的方法。     

手术治疗老年退变性腰椎滑脱合并腰椎管狭窄症62例临床分析

目的：分析观察不同手术治疗方法在老年退变性腰椎滑脱合并腰椎管狭窄症中的临床效果。方法：选取2011年1月-2012年4月于笔者所在医院进行手术治疗的62例老年退变性腰椎滑脱合并腰椎管狭窄症患者为研究对象,根据手术方式的不同将其分为A组（有限减压术组）31例和观察组（椎管减压、椎弓根内固定及植骨融合术组）31例,比较两组治疗后腰椎JOA评分优良率及治疗前后的滑脱率、Prolo评分、VAS评分。结果：B组中不同滑脱度者的JOA评分优良率均高于A组,治疗后的滑脱度、Prolo评分、VAS评分均优于A组,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论：椎管减压、椎弓根内固定及植骨融合术治疗老年退变性腰椎滑脱合并腰椎管狭窄症的临床效果相对更好。     

腰椎滑脱症外科治疗策略选择

目的探讨不同类型腰椎滑脱症及合并症的手术治疗方式、疗效及优缺点。方法2000年2月～2004年4月应用后路椎弓根螺钉复位内固定后，分别采用后外侧植骨融合术、后路椎体间植骨融合术及前路椎体问植骨融合术治疗不同类型腰椎滑脱症及合并症的患者78例，比较术后及随访时疗效、滑脱椎体复位率、椎间隙高度恢复率、植骨融合率以及复位丢失率。结果术后28例Ⅰ度滑脱及37例Ⅱ度腰椎滑脱患者获得解剖复位．9例Ⅱ度滑脱及4例Ⅲ度腰椎滑脱患者矫正至Ⅰ度滑脱。随访时总体优良率为89．72％，42例椎体间植骨患者植骨融合良好，滑脱椎体复位无丢失，椎间隙高度维持良好；36例后外侧植骨者有12例复位丢失，2例椎弓根螺钉松动，2枚椎弓根螺钉断裂：结论对小于Ⅱ度退变性腰椎滑脱合并腰椎管狭窄者宜选用后路椎弓根钉复位固定加后外侧植骨融合术；对峡部裂性腰椎滑脱合并腰椎管狭窄者宜选用后路椎弓根钉固定加椎体间植骨融合术；对Ⅱ度以上峡部裂性单纯腰椎滑脱者以及腰椎滑脱翻修者宜选用后路椎弓根钉固定加前路椎体间植骨融合术。