肝静脉频谱波形分析对脂肪肝诊断的临床价值研究

目的利用脉冲多普勒评估肝静脉（HV）频谱波形对脂肪肝临床应用中的价值。方法利用脉冲多普勒超声评估50例正常人和93例不同程度脂肪肝患者HV频谱波形（HV0型、HVⅠ型、HVⅡ型）。结果随着脂肪肝程度的加重．HVⅠ型和HVⅡ型明显增多。脂肪肝各组的HVⅠ＋HVⅡ比例均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义（矿分别=10．59、30．80、24．91,P均〈0．05）,且中度、重度脂肪肝组的HVⅠ＋HVⅡ比例高于轻度脂肪肝组,差异也均有统计学意义（x^2分别=7.39、5．23,P均〈0．05）,但重度和中度脂肪肝组之间比较,差异无统计学意义（X^2=0．27,P〉0．05）。结论脉冲多普勒超声HV频谱波形分析有助于脂肪肝的诊断和分级。     

紫外谱线组法鉴别秦艽及其伪品红秦艽

目的　建立秦艽及其伪品红秦艽的紫外光谱鉴别方法。方法　采用中药紫外谱线组法进行鉴别。结果　秦艽与红秦艽的紫外谱线组图像、最大吸收峰数目及峰位值具有明显差异。结论　该法简便、准确、灵敏,可鉴别秦艽及其伪品红秦艽。     

原发性胃恶性淋巴瘤临床、内镜与病理特点

目的：探讨原发性胃恶性淋巴瘤（primary gastric malignant lymphoma,PGML)的临床表现、内镜和病理特点。方法：统计30例PGML患者的临床表现及X线检查、内镜检查、病理检查的特点并进行分析。结果：30例PGML中临床表现以腹痛、体重下降、发热、腹块、恶心、呕吐、上消化道出血为主。病变主要位于胃体（73.3%)。内镜下表现为降起型14例（46.7%), 溃 疡型12例（40.0%),浸润型4例（13.3%),内镜活检与术后病理符合率为80.0%。肿瘤起源于B淋巴细胞27例（90.0%),其中19例为胃粘膜淋巴组织相淋巴瘤,T淋巴细胞3例（10.0%)。本病手术切除术较高,对化疗、放疗均较敏感。结论：PGML以腹痛、体重下降、发 热、上消化道出血为主要表现,以胃体发生率最高。以镜及大体分型的隆起型及溃疡型为 多见,病理特点以B淋巴细胞为主。原发性胃恶性淋巴瘤收于其发病率低,临床表现特殊,易造成诊,内镜为诊断PGML的有效手段。手术、化疗和放疗等综合治疗是提高生存率的有效途径。     

Clonal chromosomal aberrations in simian virus 40-transfected human thyroid cells and in derived tumors developed after in vitro irradiation.

In vitro model cell systems are important tools for studying mechanisms of radiation-induced neoplastic transformation of human epithelial cells. In our study, the human thyroid epithelial cell line HTori-3 was analyzed cytogenetically following exposure to different doses of alpha- and gamma-irradiation and subsequent tumor formation in athymic nude mice. Combining results from G-banding, comparative genomic hybridization, and spectral karyotyping, chromosome abnormalities could be depicted in the parental line HTori-3 and in nine different HTori lines established from the developed tumors. A number of chromosomal aberrations were found to be characteristic for simian virus 40 immortalization and/or radiation-induced transformation of human thyroid epithelial cells. Common chromosomal changes in cell lines originating from different irradiation experiments were loss of 8q23 and 13cen-q21 as well as gain of 1q32-qter and 2q11.2-q14.1. By comparison of chromosomal aberrations in cell lines exhibiting a different tumorigenic behavior, cytogenetic markers important for the tumorigenic process were studied. It appeared that deletions on chromosomes 9q32-q34 and 7q21-q31 as well as an increased copy number of chromosome 20 were important for the tumorigenic phenotype. A comparative breakpoint analysis of the marker chromosomes found and those observed in radiation-induced childhood thyroid tumors from Belarus revealed a coincidence for a number of chromosome bands. Thus, the data support the usefulness of the established cell system as an in vitro model to study important steps during radiation-induced malignant transformation in human thyroid cells.     

血清微RNA-34a在多发性骨髓瘤中的表达及其临床意义

目的 检测初诊多发性骨髓瘤（MM）病人血清微RNA-34a(miR-34a)表达水平,并探讨其临床意义。方法 选取2017年3月至2021年5月石家庄市人民医院收治的102例初诊MM病人作为疾病组,并同期选取100例性别、年龄匹配的健康体检者作为对照组,采用实时荧光定量多聚核苷酸链式反应法（qRT-PCR）检测两组血清miR-34a表达水平,对比疾病组MM不同临床病理特征病人血清miR-34a表达水平。另疾病组均行以硼替佐米为基础的方案化疗,评估不同化疗方案的效果,并采用logistic回归分析法分析血清miR-34a表达水平对MM病人化疗效果的影响。结果 疾病组血清miR-34a表达水平低于对照组（0.63±0.10比1.45±0.23,P<0.05）;疾病组国际分期系统（ISS）分期Ⅲ期、修订版国际分期系统（R-ISS）分期Ⅲ期、免疫球蛋白G(IgG)型、FISH筛查高危病人血清miR-34a表达水平均低于ISS分期Ⅱ期、免疫球蛋白A(IgA)、轻链型和其他类型、荧光原位杂交（FISH）筛查非高危病人（P<0.05）;疾病组化疗4个周期后总有效率为75.49%,其中PT...     

Assessment of cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction in multiple system atrophy

Because heart rate is controlled mainly by the autonomic nervous system, cardiovascular autonimic dysfunction may contribute to the prognosis of patients with multiple system atrophy (MSA). To clarify cardiovascular autonomic dysfunctions in MSA, the authors investigated the relation between blood pressure (BP) and pulse rate (PR), and assessed a power spectral analysis of heart rate variability (HRV) during the clinical course using ambulatory BP and a heart rate monitor for 24 hours. The authors studied seven patients with MSA (five men and two women, aged 61.0±5.8 years) and seven healthy volunteers (four men and three women, aged 58.0±6.6 years) without hypertension, heart disease, or intracranial lesions. The MSA group showed abnormal circadian variations of BP and PR and a significantly decreased correlation coefficient between BP and PR. A significant decrease and altered circadian variation also existed in the number of changes in successive R-R intervals greater than 50 msec (RR50) and in the power of the high- and low-frequency component of HRV. The authors observed a significant negative correlation between the duration of illness and the number of changes in successive R-R intervals greater than 50 msec. The characteristic dysautonomia in MSA was a decrease in sympathetic and parasympathetic activity, with an abnormal circadian rhythm of BP and HRV. The balance between sympathetic and parasympathetic activity was also impaired. The parasympathetic modulation represented by RR50 worsened according to the development of the illness. Those autonomic dysfunctions may have affected the cardiovascular systems, which may indicate a poor prognosis in patients with MSA. An analysis of HRV and the circadian rhythm of BP and HRV are useful in evaluating cardiac autonomic dysfunctions in MSA.     

非典型慢性炎症性脱髓鞘性多发性神经病临床特征的对比研究

目的 :探讨非典型慢性炎症性脱髓鞘性多发性神经病 (CIDP)的临床特征及其意义。方法 :根据临床及电生理检查将 4 9例患者分为 :肢体远端和近端对称性慢性炎症性脱髓鞘性神经病组 (典型CIDP) ,肢体远端对称性慢性炎症性脱髓鞘性神经病组 (末梢性CIDP组 )和多灶性炎症性脱髓鞘性神经病组 (多灶性CIDP组 )。结果 :末梢性CIDP组和多灶性CIDP组男性占多数 (男 /女分别为 16 / 3,7/ 2 ;典型组为 8/ 13) ,感觉障碍相对较少 (无感觉障碍者分别为 4 7% ,6 6 7% ;典型组为 9 5% )和激素治疗不敏感 (分别为 52 6 % ,4 4 4 % ;典型组为 10 0 % )。结论 :典型CIDP、末梢性CIDP和多灶性CIDP相比具有明显不同的临床及电生理特征 ,且激素治疗不敏感     

医学视听教材的现状和设计制作趋势分析

文章在总结医学视听教材制作现状的基础上,从医学视听教材设计制作的设备、人员专业素质、环境的变化所显示的以人为本的时代精神、娱教性和片段医学视听教材越来越得到关注以及制作队伍出现的泛化现象等方面论述了其发展趋势。     

家族性与散发性特发性震颤患者临床特征比较

目的比较家族性与散发性特发性震颤患者临床特征是否存在差异。方法临床确诊的ET患者88例,根据有无家族史,分为家族性ET和散发性ET。比较两组在性别、起病年龄、起病部位、震颤类型、震颤演变过程、最严重部位、是否对称、加重或减缓因素等方面的异同。结果家族性ET 45例和散发性ET 43例。家族性ET患者平均起病年龄早于散发性ET患者平均起病年龄[(33.48±18.87)岁vs(42.19±18.80)岁,P<0.05];两组间震颤类型及起病部位无明显差异;家族性ET患者震颤评分高于散发性者(4.34±2.22 vs 3.37±2.00,P<0.05)。家族性ET患者饮酒后震颤减轻或缓解明显高于散发性者(11/13 vs 4/10,P<0.05)。结论与散发性ET患者比较,家族性ET发病较早,进展较快,震颤较重,饮酒后震颤减轻更多。     

基于密集特征匹配的胸片肺野自动分割

目的X线胸片中肺野的准确分割是胸片图像自动分析的必要步骤。本文采用局部特征的密集匹配和标号融合进行胸片
肺野的自动分割。方法对于输入的待分割胸片,基于每个像素点提取密集SIFT描述子和图像块作为局部特征,采用密集匹配
直接在整个参考图像特征集合中快速搜索近邻;密集匹配分为受限的随机初始化、近邻场传播和受限的随机搜索三步,并数次
迭代后两步。利用匹配得到的近邻场,提取标号图像块并进行加权,权重为匹配的相似度,最后重组为肺野的概率图,经阈值化
处理即可得到肺野的分割。结果在公开的JSRT胸片图像数据集上进行测试,本文方法的Jaccard指标可达95.5%。结论利用
局部特征的密集匹配和标号融合能取得准确性高且稳定的胸片肺野分割效果,并且优于当前最好的胸片肺野分割方法。