移植肾破裂的处理

目的　提高移植肾破裂的防治水平。方法　 6例移植肾破裂 ,手术前 2例 ,手术后 4例。 2例术前供肾破裂 ,采用切开移植肾破裂处包膜 +裂口内明胶海绵填塞 +肠线修补 +肠线编织肾袋收缩保护移植肾。 1例术后移植肾破裂早期 ,出血少 ,针对顽固性高血压采用“硝普钠”降压 ,配合常规抗排斥药物。 3例术后移植肾破裂出血量估计超过 10 0 0ml者 ,采用手术延长移植肾破裂处包膜 +裂口内明胶海绵填塞 +肠线修补 +肠线编织肾袋收缩保护移植肾。结果　 ( 1)手术前 2例手术后 4例 ,采用切开或者延长移植肾破裂处包膜 +裂口内明胶海绵填塞 +肠线修补 +肠线编织肾袋收缩保护移植肾并配合“硝普钠”降压的方法处理 ,均未再破裂出血 ,移植肾功能恢复良好。 ( 2 ) 1例术后移植肾破裂早期的患者 ,针对顽固性高血压采用“硝普钠”降压 ,配合常规抗排斥药物 ,非手术治疗成功。结论　 ( 1)采用手术切开或延长移植肾破裂处包膜 +裂口内明胶海绵填塞 +肠线修补 +肠线编织肾袋收缩保护移植肾可以有效治疗移植肾破裂。 ( 2 )移植肾破裂出血少的情况下 ,可以在密切观察下非手术治疗     

透明质酸钠预防粘连性肠梗阻术后再粘连临床观察

Objective To investigate the prevention of intestines adhesion about sodium hyaluronic acid in postoperative intestines adhesion.Methods Eighteen cases of adhesive intestine obstruction were done intestinal release or bowel resection.2～4mL sodium hyaluronic acid was put to the wound,anastigmatic and rough surface of peritoneal.Gastrointestinal decompression,anti-infective and infusion were taken after oper-ations.Followed up 8～24 months.Results Obstructive symptoms haven't happened,the effective rate is 100%.Only 2 cases have intermittent abdominal pain without obstruction,the incidence was 11%.Conclu-sion Sodium hylauronic acid is effective to prevent the adhesion of postoperative intestines adhesion,simp-ler use,fewer side-effects and great value to appliance.     

亚硝酸钠与AFB1相互作用对遗传物质影响的实验研究

以正常人外周血淋巴细胞的ＳＣＥ率作为细胞遗传学指标，研究了Ｎａ＿２ＳｅＯ＿３与ＡＦＢ＿１相互作用对细胞遗传物质的影响。结果表明，一定浓度的Ｎａ＿２ＳｅＯ＿３（１０￣（－５）ｍｏｌ）对ＡＦＢ＿１所诱发的ＳＣＥ有明显的抑制作用，但当浓度达到１０￣（－２）ｍｏｌ时，细胞增殖受到抑制，到１０￣（－１）ｍｏｌ时细胞出现毒性现象。提示Ｎａ＿２ＳｅＯ＿３具有抑变和细胞毒性双相作用。所以在Ｎａ＿２ＳｅＯ＿３与ＡＦＢ＿１相互作用的ＳＣＥ实验中应避免Ｎａ＿２ＳｅＯ＿３的浓度过高而损伤培养的细胞。     

Short-term indomethacin administration does not impair excretion of acute potassium load in humans

Maintenance treatment with prostaglandin synthesis inhibitors often causes some degree of hyperkalemia, indicating impaired potassium (K) excretion. Hypoaldosteronism probably is a mediating factor, but it is unknown whether these drugs also impair renal K excretion directly. Indomethacin, for example, stimulates NaCl reabsorption in Henle's loop, and thus may impair K excretion by decreasing distal NaCl delivery. We therefore studied the effect of 1 day administration of indomethacin (50 mg tid) on the excretion of a single oral KCl (1 mmol kg-1 body weight) in six healthy volunteers taking a 40 mmol sodium diet. To allow analysis of renal sodium handling, clearance studies were performed during water loading. In this acute setting, indomethacin had no effect on plasma K, and did not decrease plasma aldosterone. However, indomethacin clearly reduced NaCl excretion. Nonetheless, the excretion of the K load was entirely normal. Excretion of the K load was accompanied by increased clearance of phosphate and uric acid, and natriuresis. Data derived from the maximal free water clearance were compatible with increased delivery to and decreased reabsorption from the diluting segment. Occurrence of these effects was not prevented by indomethacin, although overall NaCl excretion remained less than observed without indomethacin. Indomethacin reduced prostaglandin E2 excretion substantially. Apparently, in normal man indomethacin does not impair K excretion directly, even though it greatly reduces NaCl excretion. Moreover, the effects of K on renal NaCl handling, probably contributing to the excretion of a K load, are not dependent on renal prostaglandins.     

Sodium Valproate-lnduced Cardiovascular Abnormalities in the JchlCR Mouse Fetus

Sodium valproate was administered to Jcl:ICR mice in order to evaluate teratogenicity in the cardiovascular system. A single dose of 600mg/kg of sodium valproate was injected intraperitoneally on gestational day 6, 7, 8 or 9. On day 18 of gestation, dams were laparotomized to observe incidence and type of cardiovascular abnormality in live fetuses. Cardiovascular abnormalities were found most frequently in the group treated on day 7, being recognized in 86% of litters (19/22) and in 29% of live fetuses (70/238). Among these, there were 28 cases of transposition of the great arteries, 13 of double outlet right ventricle, 11 of endocardial cushion defect, 9 of ventricular septal defect, 5 of tricuspid atresia, and 4 of hypoplastic left heart syndrome.     

川芎素对大鼠脑缺血再灌注时突触后致密物质-95活性的影响

应用神经行为学评估、脑梗死容积测量和Western blot分析,探讨研究阿魏酸钠(SF)的神经保护作用及其对局灶性脑缺血损伤时突轴后致密物质-95(PSD-95)活性的影响,证实SF明显改善再灌注24 h神经功能缺陷和减少脑梗死容积,显著增强再灌注后PSD-95表达,表明SF可能通过加强PSD-95活性来改善缺血性损伤.     

原钒酸钠对Ⅱ型糖尿病的降糖作用研究

目的　观察原钒酸钠对Ⅱ型糖尿病大鼠的降糖作用。方法　用高脂饲料灌胃正常大鼠 ,引起肥胖 ,测定血中游离脂肪酸浓度。同时应用正糖钳技术检测胰岛素抗性 ,对产生胰岛素抵抗的大鼠腹腔注射小剂量链脲菌素 (5 5mg·kg-1) ,然后筛选空腹血糖值大于 11 1mmol·L-1大鼠为糖尿病模型组。连续灌胃原钒酸钠 7d后 ,测定空腹血糖值。结果　①大鼠喂食高脂饲料后 ,正糖钳实验中维持血糖稳态所需胰岛素量增多 ,为 (0 5 4± 0 0 2 )U·min-1,高于正常组 (P <0 0 1) ;同时血中游离脂肪酸浓度增加 ,从正常 (0 4 6 9±0 0 4 7)mmol·L-1至 (1 5 32± 0 2 91)mmol·L-1(P <0 0 1) ;②原钒酸钠对正常大鼠的血糖值无影响 ,而对Ⅱ型糖尿病大鼠的空腹血糖值及糖耐量曲线下面积有降低作用 (P <0 0 5 )。结论　实验结果证明了原钒酸钠可以明显降低Ⅱ型糖尿病大鼠的空腹血糖值 ,并且对糖耐量具有保护作用     

Comparison of 2 chlorhexidine mouthwashes on plaque regrowth in vivo and dietary staining in vitro

Abstract Until recently, the few available chlorhexidine mouthrinse products have been 0.2% formulations. However, concentrations of 0.12% chlorhexidine appear as effective as 0.2%, if the volume of the rinse is increased to 15 ml. Since the mere incorporation of chlorhexidine in a formulation does not guarentee availability of the antiseptic, it would seem reasonable to evaluate or compare all products. This is particularly the case when other ingredients, such as fluoride are added. The 1st study compared the effect of a 0.12% chlorhexidine rinse with a 0.12% chlorhexidine/0.022% sodium fluoride rinse for effects on plaque re-growth. The study was a 7-day, blind, randomised, 2-cell cross-over design with a baseline control run in period, in which 18 subjects participated. Both chlorhexidine products significantly reduced plaque compared to control but the chlorhexidine fluoride rinse was less effective than the chlorhexidine only rinse. The 2nd study assessed the propensity of the chlorhexidine rinses to induce dietary staining in vitro. For the chlorhexidine fluoride rinse, this was less than the other 0.12% rinse and a commonly used 0.2% product. The data in vivo and in vitro suggest reduced chlorhexidine availability from the chlorhexidine fluoride product which appears to cause some loss of efficacy.     

Diagnosis of the acute ischaemic heart by ion elution from myocardium.

The post-mortem diagnosis of acute myocardial ischaemia may be difficult to establish in the absence of morphological changes in the myocardium or recent coronary thrombosis. Ischaemic cell injury leads to potassium (K) efflux and sodium (Na) influx and, if the blood is still circulating, the K:Na ratio of the tissue falls. In this study, the K:Na ratio was measured by eluting the ions from samples of myocardium and assaying the eluate. The method yields similar results to those obtained by a previous method, in which myocardial samples were homogenized. The K:Na ratios on samples of horizontal slices through the heart were plotted on maps of the slices. A low K:Na ratio corresponded to, but extended beyond, areas where there was morphological evidence of ischaemia. The method is simple and may be of use in routine practice.