枳实-白术调节PINK1/Parkin信号通路介导的线粒体自噬改善慢传输型便秘大鼠结肠动力障碍

目的：基于线粒体自噬及磷酸酶及张力蛋白同源物诱导的蛋白激酶1(PINK1)/帕金蛋白(Parkin)通路观察枳实、白术及其配伍对慢传输型便秘大鼠结肠动力障碍的改善作用,为临床精准用药提供理论参考。方法：将56只雄性SD大鼠按体质量随机分成正常组、模型组、自然恢复组、枳实组、白术组、枳实-白术组和莫沙必利组,每组各8只。除正常组外,采用洛哌丁胺连续14 d灌胃(3 mg·kg^-1·d^-1)构建慢传输型便秘大鼠模型。造模成功后,除模型组继续洛哌丁胺诱导外,正常组和自然恢复组采用0.9%生理盐水灌胃,枳实组(1.35 g·kg^-1·d^-1)、白术组(2.7 g·kg^-1·d^-1)、枳实-白术组(4.05 g·kg^-1·d^-1)和莫沙必利组(1.56 mg·kg^-1·d^-1)大鼠分别给予相应的药物灌胃,连续7 d。观察药物对大鼠粪便数量、粪便含水率及小肠推进率的影响;苏木素-伊...     

益气活血通便方对慢传输型便秘大鼠的治疗作用及机制

目的：探讨益气活血通便方对慢传输型便秘(STC)大鼠的治疗作用及机制。方法：采用盐酸洛哌丁胺灌胃法建立STC大鼠模型,设定正常组、模型组、莫沙必利组、益气活血通便方低、中、高剂量组(3.51、7.02、14.04 g·kg^-1)给药后观察各组大鼠一般体征变化、计算粪便含水率及肠道推进率;采用苏木素-伊红染色观察结肠组织黏膜炎症改变;采用酶联免疫吸附测定法检测各组大鼠结肠P物质(SP)、血管活性肠肽(VIP)含量;采用免疫组织化学法和蛋白免疫印迹法检测大鼠结肠组织水通道蛋白(AQP)3、AQP4、AQP8和c-Kit蛋白灰度值,通过16S r RNA高通量测序检测肠道菌群变化。结果：经过益气活血通便方给药治疗10 d后,与模型组比较,益气活血通便方不同剂量组和莫沙必利组大鼠的粪便含水率和肠道推进率均显著增加(P<0.01)。与模型组比较,益气活血通便方中、高剂量组和莫沙必利组大鼠结肠无明显黏膜炎症改变,杯状细胞排列较规整无断裂、数量较多。益气活血通便方中、高剂量组和莫沙必利组血清中SP含量明显升高(P<0.05,P<0.01),VIP明显降低(P&...     

Minimal changes with long-term administration of anxiolytics on septal driving of hippocampal rhythmical slow activity

In free-moving male rats, the function relating frequency to the threshold current required to drive hippocampal rhythmical slow activity (RSA; theta) with septal stimulation has a minimum at 7.7 Hz. Classical anxiolytics all increase thresholds in the region of 7.7 Hz, and so does the novel anxiolytic buspirone. However, unlike classical anxiolytics, 2 or 3 weeks are normally required for the onset of the clinical effects of buspirone. This study tested the effects of long-term administration of chlordiazepoxide and buspirone on septal driving of RSA. Separate groups of naive rats received three IP injections per day of chlordiazepoxide (0.4 mg/kg), buspirone (0.1 mg/kg) or saline for 50 days. Both chlordiazepoxide and buspirone increased thresholds at 7.7 Hz, as expected. These acute effects were not significantly changed with chronic administration. Buspirone and chlordiazepoxide produced similar, statistically significant, but small cumulative reductions in thresholds at 6.9 Hz. The present experiments suggest that if the effects of anxiolytic drugs on septally driven RSA provide any basis for their clinical action, then classical anxiolytics may have two actions: an immediate effect on euphoria and tension and a delayed effect on anxiety proper — with buspirone sharing only the latter effect.     

24-hour anti-ischaemic action with once daily nifedipine

Summary The ability of a fatty-alcohol matrix, slow-release tablet of nifedipine 60 mg to maintain a 24-hour antiischaemic action in the fixed dose of 60 mg once daily has been investigated in a randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial.12 normotensive patients with angiographically proven coronary artery disease (stenosis of at least one major vessel 70%) were studied. The anti-ischaemic response was assessed over a period of 4 days as changes in the exercise-induced ST-segment depression 6 h and 24 h postdose, and ST segment changes in 24-h ambulatory ECGs.A measurable anti-ischaemic response was observed in 8 of the 12 patients. Exercise-induced ST-segment depression 6 h after the administration of nifedipine was reduced by 30% compared to placebo, and there was still a measurable anti-ischaemic response 24-h post-dosing. Both responses were independent of changes in exercise blood pressure. In 7 patients with ischaemic episodes in the 24-h ECGs, nifedipine treatment had only a minor effect on the intensity and duration of ischaemia.It is concluded that a significant anti-ischaemic effect lasting 24 h could be demonstrated using effort-induced ST-segment changes in patients with angiographically proven coronary heart disease, who were treated once daily with nifedipine 60 mg as a fatty-alcohol slow release tablet.     

放射性粒子103 Pd与缓释化疗粒子联合应用靶向治疗肝癌

目的探讨应用放、化疗粒子联合植入法综合治疗肝癌的可行性、安全性及短期疗效。方法自2001年12月～2004年12月，应用放、化疗粒子联合植入法综合治疗复发性直肠癌48例。在治疗计划指导下，交替植入5-Fu缓释化疗粒子和放射性。Pd粒子。放射性粒子的肿瘤匹配周边剂量（Matched Peripheral dose，MPD）为90～130Gy。平均每例使用^103Pd粒子10粒，5-Fu 1000mg。结果48例病人手术均顺利完成，未发生出血、感染等并发症，经摄片证实放射性粒子的位置无变化。疼痛缓解率为95．83％（46／48），平均疼痛缓解时间为5～9d。于术后3～6个月CT复查肿瘤变化，提示瘤体不同程度缩小，其中11例完全缓解，27例部分缓解，9例稳定，局部控制率为79．17％。随访6～28个月，中住生存期为17个月，最长1例随访时间为术后26个月，现仍存活。1例术后6个月死于全身广泛转移。结论放射性^103Pd粒子和5-Fu缓释化疗粒子联合应用局部植入技术具有安全、微创及并发症发生率低的特点，是综合治疗肝癌的较有效手段之一。     

无抽搐电休克治疗对男性抑郁症病人多导睡眠图的影响

目的:探讨无抽搐电休克(MECT)治疗对抑郁症病人睡眠脑电活动的影响。方法:应用多导睡眠图(PSG)对12例男性首发抑郁症病人在MECT治疗前后进行整夜PSG记录,观察MECT治疗前后PSG的变化。结果:与正常对照组比较,病人组睡眠总时间减少、睡眠潜伏期延迟、觉醒增加、快动眼睡眠(REM)时间增多、REM潜伏期缩短、S1和S2增加以及慢波睡眠减少。病人组经过MECT治疗后PSG显示睡眠总时间增加[治疗前:(342±s51)min,治疗后:(437±25)min,t值11.840,P<0.01],睡眠潜伏期缩短[治疗前:(68±12)min,治疗后:(56±7)min,t值4.249,P<0.01],觉醒时间减少[治疗前:(163±43)min,治疗后:(30±7)min,t值10.409,P<0.01],REM睡眠时间减少[治疗前:(164±19)min,治疗后:(120±5)min,t值9.333,P<0.01],S1减少[治疗前:(46±15)min,治疗后:(39±11)min,t值5.071,P<0.01],慢波睡眠增加[治疗前:(34±19)min,治疗后:(99±7)min,t值-13.146,P<0.01]。REM潜伏期和S2未见明显变化(P>0.05)。结论:MECT有改善睡眠的作用。这可能是MECT起到治疗抑郁症的重要机制之一。     

复方丁香酚缓释驱避剂驱蚊效果研究

目的解决蚊虫刺叮骚扰问题.方法对试验人群涂抹"复方丁香酚缓释驱避剂"作现场驱蚊药效试验.结果对蚊虫有效驱避时间达6 h,人群保护率72.91%.结论"复方丁香酚缓释驱避剂"对蚊虫有显著的驱避作用,而且低毒、使用安全,对皮肤和眼睛仅有轻度刺激性,值得推广应用.     

复方桉叶油素缓释驱避剂的研制

目的研制高效驱避剂.方法在实验室筛选最佳配方,然后在野外进行效果评价.结果涂擦复方桉叶油素缓释驱避剂后,在14 h内对蚊的驱避率为100%;10 h内对蠓的驱避率为100%,11h后为92.8%,14 h后为82.6%.结论复方桉叶油素缓释驱避剂对吸血昆虫具有很好的驱避效果.     

Long-term clinical outcomes of fat grafting by low-pressure aspiration and slow centrifugation (Lopasce technique) for different indications

Abstract

Autologous fat grafts have been used successfully for structural fat grafting in facial, lip, and hand rejuvenation, body contour improvement, and traumatic defect restoration. The purposes of this study were to define a new fat graft harvesting and processing technique, which is named the “Lopasce technique” (low-pressure aspiration and slow centrifugation technique), and to evaluate the late clinical outcomes of fat grafting by this technique for different indications. A retrospective study was performed using the medical records of 21 patients (17 women and four men). The mean injected fat volume was 33.2 ± 34 cc (range 6–125 cc). The mean follow-up period was 13.2 ± 5.6 months (range 6–26 months). Postoperative results were evaluated by subjective and objective methods. In the subjective evaluation, 19 patients stated that there had been little resorption and that it was not necessary to repeat the fat grafting, one patient reported that the fat was resorbed in part, and one patient reported that the fat was resorbed completely. In the objective evaluation, the amount of fat graft taken in the recipient sites was between 60%–80% (average 70%) when compared with preoperative and late postoperative photographs of the patients at the 6- and 26-month follow-ups. Fat grafting is a simple, effective, and reproducible technique with a high satisfaction rate and few disadvantages or complications. We consider that structural fat grafting with the lopasce technique is an easy, effective, and long-lasting treatment for correction of congenital or acquired defects associated with various medical conditions.