Laparoscopic cholecystectomy for left-sided gallbladder (sinistroposition).

Transposition of the gallbladder to the left side without situs inversus viscerum is rare. These gallbladders are situated under the left lobe of the liver between Segment III and IV or on Segment III to the left of the falciform ligament. Because routine preoperative studies may not detect the anomaly, it may provide the surgeons with an unusual surprise during laparoscopy. Awareness of the unpredictable confluence of the cystic duct into the common bile duct and selective use of intraoperative cholangiography aid in the safe laparoscopic management of this unusual problem.     

上唇短缩畸形的手术治疗

目的 针对微笑时鼻唇部出现上唇上提并短缩,鼻小柱下方褶沟,上唇牙龈外露等现象,探讨一种治疗上唇短缩畸形的手术方法.方法 采用经口或鼻前庭切口,将鼻小柱根部鼻中隔降肌肌纤维切断及部分切除,并广泛剥离使上唇下降.结果 共为27例上唇短缩畸形患者进行手术治疗.其中9例采用了双侧鼻小柱外侧与前庭基底贯穿切口,18例采用了上唇唇龈沟切口.通过手术,患者获得微笑时上唇中部适度降低,鼻小柱下方褶沟变浅或消失,上唇牙龈外露消失的效果.6例患者还在手术矫正上唇动态短缩畸形的同时,实施了鼻整形术.通过手术可矫正鼻唇牙龈部的综合动态缺陷,获得满意的美学效果.结论 手术方法治疗上唇短缩畸形,可改善患者微笑时的表情,是值得推广的治疗方法.     

骨盆骨折并单纯性腹腔内出血的误诊及急救处理教训

目的总结骨盆骨折并单纯性腹腔内出血误诊经验教训及急救处理。方法对8例骨盆骨折并单纯性腹腔内出血的伤因、诊断、急救方法选择进行回顾性分析。结果骨盆骨折并单纯性腹腔内出血与伤因及搬运不当致骨折移位、再移位密切相关；与骨折部位也关系密切；骨盆骨折并单纯性腹腔内出血常易误诊为腹腔内脏合并伤而行剖腹探查术时确诊，腹膜后血肿探查止血，术中、术后死亡率高。结论骨箍骨折并单纯性腹腔内出血易误诊为腹内脏器伤，救治困难，死亡率高。     

调脂宜从肝脾入手

中医学认为血脂异常在病机方面属“痰浊”、“血瘀”范畴，生理上与中医之膏脂相类似，属津液之范畴，肝脾功能的正常是血脂正常代谢的重要条件，脾“化”的相对不足是血脂代谢异常的根本原因；肝失疏泄是血脂代谢失常的重要因素，治疗的根本在于截断血脂失调的源头，或者扭转已有的病理趋势，使其不再发生代谢紊乱。     

Impact of cosmetic care on quality of life in breast cancer patients during chemotherapy and radiotherapy: an initial randomized controlled study

BACKGROUND: Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women and therefore represents a major problem in public health. Data from patients' self-report questionnaires provide valuable information about the side-effects that patients may view as having a significantly detrimental impact on their quality of life (QOL) and yet are not always recognized as important by healthcare professionals. Cosmetology is a specific care for patients and there is actually no scientific evidence regarding effects on QOL for women with breast cancer. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to assess the impact of cosmetic care on QOL in breast cancer patients during chemotherapy and radiotherapy. METHODS: We developed a prospective, multicentre, randomized, controlled study including 27 patients. All the patients had to fill in a French-validated dermatologic specific quality-of-life questionnaire to compare the QOL of the two groups, the cosmetic group and the control group, at three different times of the adjuvant treatment. RESULTS: The results show a statistically significant difference between the cosmetic group and the control group in two areas of QOL: mood state and self-perception of the disease. CONCLUSION: This study emphasizes the interest of cosmetic care in breast cancer patients. However, further larger trials are needed to confirm this study.     

腹腔镜辅助下大隐静脉隔绝术治疗大隐静脉曲张60例

目的探讨腹腔镜辅助下大隐静脉隔绝术的疗效。方法2000年1月～2004年1月对60例66条大隐静脉曲张腹腔镜辅助下行大隐静脉隔绝术,腹腔镜辅助下高位结扎、电灼大腿段大隐静脉,阻断其小腿段所有属支及交通支,使大隐静脉与体循环隔绝。结果手术时间30～60min,(50±9)min;术后住院时间3～5d,(3.5±0.6)d。60例随访1～36个月,平均28个月,无复发。结论腹腔镜辅助下大隐静脉隔绝术创伤小,疗效好,复发率低,是治疗大隐静脉曲张的理想术式。     

三种实验性IgA肾病模型的比较

目的探讨建立一种理想的IgA肾病（IgAN）动物模型方法。方法分别采用葡聚糖G200、大肠杆菌外膜蛋白和金葡菌的细胞膜20肽抗原决定簇诱导小鼠IgA肾病模型。用分子生物学和病理学方法对3组IgAN模型小鼠进行鉴定和比较。结果（1）葡聚糖组尿蛋白增高，伴有血尿；免疫荧光显示部分肾小球大量IgA沉积；光镜下肾小球系膜细胞增多，肝和脾可见弥漫性的粉染物质沉积；电镜下肾小球系膜区少量低电子密度的致密沉积物，肝和脾可见淀粉丝样物质沉积。（2）大肠杆菌外膜蛋白组尿蛋白增高，伴有血尿；免疫荧光显示肾小球有少量IgA沉积；光镜下肾小球系膜细胞轻度增多，间质炎细胞浸润明显；电镜下肾小球系膜区无电子致密沉积物。（3）金葡菌细胞膜20肽抗原决定簇组尿蛋白增高，伴有血尿；免疫荧光显示多数肾小球均可见大量IgA沉积；光镜下肾小球系膜细胞增多，伴系膜基质轻度增生；电镜下肾小球系膜区和基底膜的内皮细胞下可见高电子密度的致密沉积物。结论金葡菌细胞膜20肽抗原决定簇组诱导的IgAN模型从临床表现和病理学变化与人IgAN极其相似，是3种IgAN模型中最理想的IgAN模型。     

经尺骨鹰嘴截骨入路双钢板治疗肱骨髁间骨折

[目的]探讨经尺骨鹰嘴截骨入路应用肱骨内、外髁解剖钢板治疗肱骨髁间骨折的方法和临床疗效。[方法]2002年7月-2006年3月采用经尺骨鹰嘴截骨入路结合肱骨内、外髁解剖钢板治疗肱骨髁间骨折26例，男19例，女7例；年龄15-46岁，平均35岁。按照Riseborough和Radin的分类方法，Ⅱ型6例，Ⅲ型18例，Ⅳ型2例。[结果]术后25例骨折复位满意，1例复位稍差，无切口感染，1例术中牵拉损伤尺神经，22例获得随访，时间6～19个月，平均13．5个月。尺神经损伤恢复，骨折全部愈合，无内固定松动及断裂，愈合时间14～24周，平均17周。根据改良的Cassebaum评分系统评价肘关节功能，其中优5例，良13例，可3例，差1例，优良率81．8％。[结论]经尺骨鹰嘴截骨入路显露骨折充分，肱骨内、外髁解剖钢板固定肱骨髁间骨折牢固可靠，能有效的防止骨折不愈合，并可满足患者早期进行关节功能锻炼。