颈静脉窝的应用解剖学研究

本文通过200例成人颅颈静脉窝的观察与测量,对颈静脉窝的形态、位置及其与颅后窝、面神经管垂直部、鼓环的局部解剖关系进行研究,为临床应用及体质调查提供资料。     

Emergency Treatment of Multiply Injured Patients with Unstable Disruption of the Posterior Pelvic Ring by Using the “C–Clamp”

Abstract Purpose: Evaluation of the therapeutic usefulness of the “pelvic C–clamp” (PCC) during emergency treatment of multiply injured patients with unstable disruption of the posterior pelvic ring. Patients and Methods: The data of 28 patients with polytrauma in combination with an unstable fracture of the posterior pelvic ring (average Injury Severity Score [ISS]: 49 points; average Polytrauma Score [PTS]: 41 points) were retrospectively analyzed from the moment they were admitted to the emergency room until 48 h after admittance. The PCC was used immediately for primary stabilization of the pelvis after clinical diagnosis of the unstable pelvic fracture. Main outcome measurements: development of mean blood pressure, development of oxygenation level, period of time until the PCC was placed, number of blood units needed, period of time until circulatory stabilization occurred. Results: The PCC was applied in all cases within an average of 64.7 min after trauma. Seven patients (25%) died within the first 45 min after admission. The surviving patients showed:• an increase in mean blood pressure of 25% 20 min after application of the PCC,• a hemodynamic stabilization 6 h after application of the PCC,• a stabilization of the oxygenation level 6 h after application of the PCC,• a decrease in the number of required blood units 6 h after application of the PCC. Conclusion: The present study shows, that the application of the PCC to critically injured patients with unstable pelvic fractures leads to stabilization of the vital parameters within a short period of time.     

原发性前列腺印戒细胞癌(1例报告并文献复习)

目的探讨原发性前列腺印戒细胞癌的临床特征。方法回顾性分析1例原发性前列腺印戒细胞癌患者的临床资料,并结合文献进行复习讨论。结果患者前列腺穿刺活检病理报告为前列腺印戒细胞癌,免疫组织化学检查示PSA( ),PAS、CEA、LCA、CKH(-),行双侧睾丸切除术和氟他胺治疗,术后1月死于肺部转移。结论原发性前列腺印戒细胞癌来自前列腺腺泡上皮,确诊依靠病理组织学和免疫组化检查。临床罕见,恶性程度高,预后较差。     

Macrophage response to microtextured silicone

Seven different silicone surface textures were tested for effect on macrophage spreading and metabolic activity in vitro. Variables of the textured arrays that could modify spreading were determined to be the size, spacing between, depth, density, and orientation of the individual surface events and the roughness of the surfaces. Cells were influenced by the size of the events and the roughness of the surfaces more than any other variables. Cell morphology data, surface area and perimeter, could be divided into discrete regions that correlated well with the size of the events. Cell dimensions on 5μm textures were smallest while those on smooth silicone and glass surfaces were the largest. Surface texture events may be modifying contact guidance of the cells or interacting with specific transmembrane proteins to alter cell shape and function. The mitochondrial activity of cells attached to the textured silicones was determined by measuring the amount of reduced MTT directly through live cells. Cells on polystyrene (PS), 5VP and 8VP textures were metabolically more active than cells on the other textures. PMA was used to stimulate cells on the various textures. PMA-stimulated cells, on the smaller textures, 2VP, 5VP and 5CP, were less active than test cells that were not stimulated. The inability of PMA to stimulate these cells may be due to a structural alteration of protein kinase C. An hypothesis is introduced that includes a possible mechanism of how a micrometre-sized surface texture could modify cell function.     

Evaluation of Mechanical Properties of ZY-1 Maxillofacial Prosthetic Materials

Objective Maxillofacial prosthetic materials are used to replace facial parts lost through disease or trauma. Silicone rubbers are the materials of choice. The silicone elastomer A-2186 is a widely used maxillofacial prosthetic material. It is a pourable two-component silicone rubber cured by a platinum catalyst. Used as a prosthetic material, A-2186 has short working time and good mechanical properties. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the physical properties of new prosthetic materials based on addition-type silicone elastomer （ZY-1）, and compared the mechanical properties with those of A-2186, Methods Hardness, tensile strength, ultimate elongation, tear strength and adhesive bonding strength of ZY-1 and A-2186 were compared. Statistical analyses were done using a two-way analysis of variance （ANOVA）. Results The hardness and ultimate elongation of ZY-1 is similar to A-2186. However, tensile strength, tear strength of ZY-1 were higher than those of A-2186. Conclusion ZY-1 addition-type silicone elastomer processed good mechanical properties for use as a maxillofacial prosthetic material.     

距骨的血液供应及其临床意义

本文观察了２４侧尸体足标本，均无已知临床血管疾病。在死后３６～４８小时之间行动脉灌注ＡＢＳ填充剂，以化学腐蚀和手工剔除的方法清除软组织。距骨的血供来自小腿下部三根主要动脉的分支，即跗骨管动脉和三角支、近端和远端跗骨窦动脉、颈上支及后结节血管丛。跗骨管动脉常发自足底内侧动脉，而三角支多单独自胫后动脉发出；跗骨管动脉通常比三角支和跗骨窦动脉都来得细小。以上的这些动脉相互吻合，形成了一个骨膜血管网，覆盖于全部的距骨非关节面上。而且，环绕着跗骨管、跗骨窦、距骨颈的上面和距骨体部的内侧面，由三角支、跗骨管动脉、跗骨窦动脉、颈上支及其相互之间的吻合血管网形成了一个不定形的距骨动脉环。本文还讨论了距骨缺血性坏死与动脉环的可能关系，距骨骨折脱位或手术后的缺血性坏死是由于距骨动脉环的毁损或功能受影响所致。三角支在距骨骨折脱位时具有重要意义，手术或手法复位时应注意保护。     

弱呼吸敏感电极研究

应用物理学，化学和工艺等方法，分别处理５种国内外敏感器，以组成相应呼吸敏感电极，结果显示，各种电极的气－电转换性能有明显改善，其中以上海复旦片性能达到弱呼吸敏感电极要求。     

光固化复合树脂修补方法的比较研究

本研究评价了喷砂、氢氟酸(HF)、氢氟酸处理后涂KH-570乙醇液等方法时国产GD光固化复合树脂以及进口VIVADENT复合树脂的修补效果.结果表明:9.6%HF处理国产树脂、喷砂处理进口树脂均获得最大的修补强度,HF KH-570处理方法虽为每种材料中之最小者,但与其它修补方法间无显著性差异.     

从二尖瓣瓣环三维形态的研究探讨合理的瓣环成形术

观察１５个固定心脏标本、１２个非固定心脏标本二尖瓣瓣环三维形态，运用动态三维超声心动图重建了１１名健康成年人的二尖瓣瓣环。发现二尖瓣瓣环为非平面的“马鞍”形，在心动周期中二尖瓣瓣环始终保持着程度不同的“马鞍”形。结果认为用硬质人工二尖瓣瓣环作瓣环成形术后的某些并发症，可能与改变了二尖瓣瓣环的天然三维形态有关。     

Migration and chemical modification of silicone in women with breast prostheses

Studies using magnetic resonance spectroscopy in human volunteers to evaluate their livers in vivo and to analyze their blood in vitro suggest that there are measurable amounts of silicon compounds in the blood of some women with implants and that there is migration of silicone to other organs such as the liver.