Cryogenic Reliability Evaluation of Glass Fabric–Reinforced Composites Using Novel Slip-Prevention Method

Glass fabric–reinforced composites are the main insulating material components of the secondary barrier of cargo containment systems (CCSs), because they prevent liquefied natural gas (LNG) leakage during transport. Nevertheless, it is difficult to evaluate the material performance of glass fabric–reinforced composites at cryogenic temperatures (−163 °C) because it takes approximately 7 days to prepare the test specimens and because the slip-based test frequently fails. Although glass fabric–reinforced composites for the secondary barrier of LNG CCSs show various structural vulnerabilities, enhancing their material performance is significantly limited owing to the reasons mentioned above. This study evaluated the structural vulnerabilities and failure characteristics of glass fabric–reinforced composites by using the slip-prevention test method to determine the level difference and adhesive vacancies. The failure surface and the thermal expansion of the composites were also observed, to analyze their mechanical characteristics. By adopting our proposed test procedure, the failure rate of the experiment decreased by approximately 80%, and the sample preparation time for manufacturing was significantly shortened, to 1 day.     

A comparative analysis of surgical outcome in uveitic and non-uveitic steroid–induced glaucoma in children

Purpose:To compare outcomes of surgical management of uveitic glaucoma (UG) and steroid-induced glaucoma (SIG) in children in terms of intraocular pressure (IOP) control, visual acuity, and associations for failure.Methods:This was a retrospective case–control study of consecutive UG (cases) and non-uveitic SIG (controls) in children <18 years of age who underwent surgery between January 2005 and December 2017.Results:Primary trabeculectomy with mitomycin C (MMC) was performed in 12 cases (mean age: 9.2 ± 4.3 years) and 40 controls (mean age: 10.4 ± 3.7 years) (P = 0.33). Primary phaco-trabeculectomy with MMC was performed in 11 cases (mean age: 11.4 ± 4.7 years) and 16 controls (mean age: 10.4 ± 3.4 years) (P = 0.57). IOP control (P = 0.26), visual acuity (P = 0.97), number of glaucoma medications (P = 0.06), and survival rates (49% cases vs. 68% controls at 5 years; P = 0.22) were similar between the two groups following trabeculectomy. Survival rates in the phaco-trabeculectomy group at 5 years were 68% cases vs. 69% controls (P = 0.71). IOP was higher (P = 0.008) and visual acuity was worse (P = 0.02) in cases at the last visit. Associations for failure (univariate analysis) were younger age (OR: 6.29, 95% CL: 1.43, 27.67; P = 0.03) and male gender (OR: 4.79, 95% CL: 1.09, 20.97; P = 0.04). On multivariate analysis, younger age (OR: 11.985, 95% CL: 1.071, 134.153; P = 0.04) remained significant. Preoperative number of uveitic attacks was protective on univariate (OR: 0.75, 95% CL: 0.48, 1.15; P = 0.1) and multivariate analyses (OR: 0.49, 95% CL: 0.24, 0.09; P = 0.04).Conclusion:Outcomes of trabeculectomy between cases and controls were similar in our series. However, phaco-trabeculectomy in pediatric uveitic eye group fared worse than eyes with SIG.     

宜昌地区二级医院护理人员延续护理知信行调查

目的 了解宜昌地区二级医院护理人员延续护理知信行现状,为推动延续护理开展提供参考。方法 便利抽取湖北省宜昌市8所公立二级医院的1 796名护理人员,采用一般资料调查表、延续护理知信行量表进行调查。结果 延续护理知识得分（78.94±14.77）分、态度（86.37±12.13）分、行为（74.85±19.19）分。不同年龄、职称、工作年限、岗位层级、职务的护理人员,延续护理知信行总分及部分维度得分差异有统计学意义（均P<0.05）。结论 宜昌地区二级医院护理人员的延续护理态度较好,但知识与行为水平有待提高;医院应给予支持性环境及激励措施,促进延续护理服务的开展。     

西藏不同海拔地区儿童先天性心脏病患病率的横断面研究

  目的  了解中国五省中小学生社区筛查先天性心脏病（先心病）患病率与海拔及民族关系,为社区筛查及防控提供参考依据。  方法  于2017年4月 — 2019年12月采用整群抽样方法在云南、西藏、河北、山西、贵州五省16个市、6个州抽取5443所中小学共1952919名6～16岁中小学生进行先心病社区筛查,分析先心病患病率与不同海拔和民族的关系。  结果  中国五省筛查的1952919名中小学生中,确诊先心病者2874例,先心病患病率为1.47 ‰;云南、西藏、河北、山西和贵州省中小学生先心病患病率分别为1.49 ‰、7.64 ‰、0.77 ‰、0.69 ‰ 和1.02 ‰,差异有统计学意义（χ² = 160.981,P < 0.001）;海拔 < 1000 、1000～1499 、1500～1999 和 ≥ 2000 m中小学生先心病患病率分别为0.69 ‰、1.57 ‰、1.45 ‰ 和1.37 ‰,差异有统计学意义（χ² = 26.081,P < 0.001）;海拔1000～1499 m中景颇族/傣族、哈尼族/彝族和汉族中小学生先心病患病率分别为2.06 ‰、1.93 ‰ 和1.34 ‰,海拔1500～1999 m中壮族/苗族、彝族、白族和汉族中小学生先心病患病率分别为0.62 ‰、1.45 ‰、1.00 ‰ 和1.68 ‰,海拔 ≥ 2000 m中傈僳族、藏族和侗族中小学生先心病患病率分别为0.69 ‰、1.54 ‰ 和1.87 ‰,各海拔中不同民族中小学生先心病患病率差异均有统计学意义（均P < 0.05）。  结论  中国不同地区不同海拔中小学生先心病患病率不同,相同海拔不同民族中小学生先心病患病率亦不同。     

Vertical fixation with fibrin glue-assisted secondary posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation in a case of surgical aphakia

We report the first case of vertical fixation by fibrin glue-assisted secondary posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation in a case of surgical aphakia. Advantages of vertical fixation are discussed.     

Emmetropisation in normal and strabismic children and the associated changes of anisometropia

The purpose of this study was to measure whether emmetropisation failed in children who had strabismus irrespective of their refraction in infancy, and to record simultaneous changes in anisometropia. We also report how often hypermetropia increased before these children presented with esotropia. A total of 2920 infants had a cycloplegic retinoscopy at age 5-7 months and again at 42 months or when defective vision was identified. Changes of refraction in 210 children with strabismus are compared with the remaining 2710 who did not. When the spherical equivalent of the fixing eyes was &gt; +2.75 D in infancy, hypermetropia decreased less in both eyes of those who had microtropia (p &lt;. 001) and heterotropia (p &lt;. 001) than in normal children. When it was &lt; +2.75 D, the spherical and/or cylindrical refraction more often remained outside the ‘normal’ range in both eyes of those who had microtropia and heterotropia (p &lt;. 05). Emmetropisation was deficient in both eyes of at least 80% of these strabismic children irrespective of their refraction in infancy. Furthermore, in the strabismic children, the mean change of refraction was less (p &lt;. 05) in their fellow eyes than in their fixing eyes, the difference between the two eyes being on average three times greater than that in those who had normal vision. Thus, anisometropia increased in 53% of those who had strabismus but remained within normal limits (&lt; ca. 0.75 D spherical equivalent) in 94 % of those who did not.‘Abormal’ anisometropia in infancy did not, per se, permanently affect vision because 72% of all those who had it did not have strabismus. Finally, the spherical hypermetropia of fixing eyes increased in only 35% of the children with esotropia – similar to the incidence in those who had a microtropia (p =. 36). This does not obviously support the concept that increasing hypermetropia causes accommodation to increase before convergence.     

Spontaneous Resolution of Extreme Thrombocytosis in 2 Children

Essential thrombocytosis (ET) is rare in children, sometimes difficult to be distinguished from secondary thrombocytosis. This report concerns 2 children with extreme thrombocytosis of 4100 × 10⁹/L and 1644 × 10⁹/L with partial and complete remission at 3 months and 4 years from diagnosis, with a follow-up of 4 and 17 years, respectively, with no cytoreduction therapy. Diagnosis of ET was suggested according to accepted criteria. However, spontaneous remission of the thrombocytosis argues for the diagnosis of secondary thrombocytosis. These patients highlight the complexity of distinguishing childhood ET from secondary thrombocytosis and the need for cautious personalized decision on cytoreduction therapy.