儿童髓母细胞瘤中VEGFR-2的表达

目的：探讨血管内皮生长因子受体VEGFR－2在儿童髓母细胞瘤中的表达及临床意义。方法：采用免疫组化LSAB法检测84例获随访的儿童髓母细胞瘤中的VEGFR－2表达，按术后生存期3，5，10年分为A，B，C三组，使用Cox回归统计分析。结果：84例儿童髓母细胞瘤中，VEGFR－2阳性表达74例（88．09％），A，B，C三组间VEGFR－2阳性表达分别为100％，88．89％，55．33％（P＜0．01），Cox回归分析显示VEGFR－2是影响生存时间的一个独立的预后因子，它与预后存在负相关关系。结论：VEGFR－2表达水平可作为儿童髓母细胞瘤的预后指标之一。     

抗前列腺增生药SL—89．0519—08的合成

目的：研究治疗前列腺增生的α1－受体拮抗剂SL－89．0519－08的合成路线。方法：以5－氯－2－甲氧基苯胺为原料，经环合，烃化，脱保护基和亲核取代等步骤，合成了目标化合物，同时对原料合成工艺进行了摸索。结果：合成的目标化合物经IR，^1HMNR,EI-MS和HRMS得以确证。结论：该合成工艺和路线适宜工业化生产。     

下腹部Joel—Cohen切口术后切口愈合临床观察

目的探讨肥胖患者下腹部手术采用Joel—Cohen切口对预防非感染性切口裂开的临床效果。方法选择切口部位皮下脂肪层厚达4—5cm的妇产科手术患者90例，随机分为观察组44例，采用Joel—Cohen切口；对照组46例，采用下腹正中直切口。观察切口愈合和脂肪液化情况。结果观察组切口甲级愈合率显著高于对照组（P〈0．01）；脂肪液化切口裂开率显著低于对照组（P〈0．05）。结论脂肪组织厚达4—5cm以上下腹部手术切口，采用Joel—Cohen切口可以减少脂肪液化，切口愈合显著优于下腹直切口，值得临床推广应用。     

NariSO3和NaCl联合增敏光度法测定碘盐中微量碘

研究亚硫酸氢钠和氯化钠配伍使用的增敏性,建立了NaHSO3—NaCl—KIO3—KI四元无机体系测定碘盐中碘含量的新方法。测定碘的最佳条件:磷酸介质,pH 3~4,最大吸收波长479 nm,ε479=1.5×105L/(mol/cm),碘含量(以KIO3中I计)在0~2.24mg/L内符合比尔定律。用于测定食盐中碘的含量,回收率为99.49%~101.3%,结果满意。     

Prevalence of latex sensitization and allergy in Portuguese children

The prevalence of latex allergy has been increasing not only in risk groups but also in the general population, where it is accepted to average 1%. In children, latex sensitization prevalence studies are scarce and involve different population sampling and allergy testing methods, which makes it difficult to compare across studies. Nevertheless, existing studies point towards a low prevalence of latex allergy in children, which still needs to be confirmed in the Portuguese population. Aiming at studying the prevalence of latex sensitization and allergy in a sample of Portuguese children, we studied 182 children from two different hospital outpatient clinics. A standardized questionnaire focusing on atopic background, previous history and allergic signs or symptoms on exposure to latex or fruits was given to all children and parents. Skin prick testing was performed with a battery of common aeroallergens as well as latex. Serum total IgE, Phadiatop, F x 5E and latex-specific IgE were determined in all children. Specific IgE to latex-crossreacting fruits was determined in latex-sensitized children. Based upon the questionnaire, the prevalence of latex allergy would be 0.5%. The prevalence of latex sensitization would be 3.8%, when based solely upon skin prick testing, and 12.1% (>/=0.35 IU/ml) or 6.6% (>/=0.70 IU/ml) when based singly upon determination of latex-specific IgE. When positive results for either test were considered, the prevalence of latex sensitization was 14.3%. All latex-sensitized children were atopic. Sensitivity to latex-crossreacting foodstuffs was demonstrated in 61.5% of latex-sensitized children (16/26). This study shows that the prevalence of latex allergy and sensitization in Portuguese atopic and non-atopic children, as analysed using various diagnostic methods, is similar to that observed in other countries. In addition, the assessment of latex allergy and sensitization should always include skin prick testing and determination of serum IgE.     

On the Edge: a drama‐based mental health education programme on early psychosis for schools

Aims: On the Edge is a mental health education programme designed to support early intervention by increasing knowledge and understanding of early psychosis, reducing the stigma associated with mental health issues and improving awareness of avenues of help. The target audience was young people aged 14–22 years in schools and colleges. Methods: An interactive drama programme was developed through collaborative working across psychiatry, applied drama and those with direct experience of psychosis. A national tour engaged 2500 students in 71 performances that took place in 51 schools and colleges. The programme was evaluated against its aims with data collected both during and after the tour. Results: Quantitative and qualitative evaluation found significant gains with respect to all three aims. Thirty‐one schools developed supportive links with local mental health services. Conclusions: This programme shows the value and effectiveness of delivering health education on early psychosis through the medium of applied drama, and offers a model for a programme that can be incorporated into early intervention services. Lessons learned through delivering this programme are a valuable contribution towards future developments of mental health education programmes for schools.     

齿槽裂修复方法的研究进展

目的 探讨齿槽裂修复治疗的目的、方法以及治疗时机的选择。方法 查阅1950年至2006年有关齿槽裂修复的文献，归纳文献中报道的不同方法，并评价其各自的优缺点。结果 齿槽裂修复的主要目的：关闭口鼻瘘；建立稳定、连续的上颌骨牙弓；为牙齿萌出提供基础；为上唇和鼻底提供稳定支架。主要治疗方法：植骨术；牵引成骨技术；组织工程骨和生长因子应用；引导骨再生技术。患者最佳的手术治疗时机是9～11岁时混合牙列期。结论 在9～11岁混合牙列期手术，以髂骨松质骨为移植材料被认为是修复齿槽裂的主要手段。牵引成骨技术、组织工程技术和引导骨再生技术，将是齿槽裂修复的新方向。     

Age determines memory for face identity and expression

Background: The recognition of facial expressions is an important component of emotion processing which contributes to interactional behavior. One of the factors highly associated with potential decline of ability in behavioral tasks is age. Methods: We have investigated age‐related changes in facial identity and expression memory of healthy subjects in three age groups: young adults (20–40 years), elderly adults (60–80 years) and, for the first time in the literature, very old adults (over 80 years of age). Using a picture test, photographs of faces with happy or angry expressions were presented to study participants during the encoding task, and the memory for identity and emotional facial expression was investigated in a subsequent recognition task showing emotionally neutral faces. Half of the faces presented in the recognition task were initially shown in the encoding task. Results: Age interacted with the memory process: the ability to recognize both facial identity and emotional expression declined with advanced age. Happy facial expressions were better recognized in all age groups. Although there was a continuous overall decrease in recognition of both happy and angry expressions with advanced age, the effect favoring happy facial expressions was stable also in very old adults. Other factors such as gender or educational level did not affect the memory process for facial expressions. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that age is a significant determinant of memory for facial identity and emotional expression, and that, similar to younger adults, the recognition process of the elderly favors happy emotional facial expressions.     

儿童热性惊厥复发危险因素分析

目的:研究热性惊厥患儿的复发危险因素。方法:结合36例热性惊厥患儿的临床及脑电图资料,研究其复发因素情况。结果:复发共19例(53.0%),复发危险因素与惊厥家族史、初次发作体温<38.5℃、初次发作年龄<1岁及复杂型热性惊厥有关(P<0.01)。结论:对有复发危险因素儿童应密切随访,一旦发热,及早采取适当的干预措施。