Amylase level after pancreaticoduodenectomy in predicting postoperative pancreatic fistula

BackgroundIt is new clinical interest higher serum amylase level with pancreatitis after pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) correlates with postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF). Nevertheless, its evidence and study were scarce. We aimed to investigate correlation of serum amylase level immediate after PD and POPF occurrence.MethodsOf 163 patients who underwent PD at between January 2009 and December 2019, retrospective analysis was conducted to identify risk factors including serum amylase level immediate after PD for POPF occurrence.ResultsOverall incidence of POPF (25/163) was 15.3%. The patients occurred a POPF had significantly higher level of serum amylase on POD0 compared to in whom without a POPF (414 vs 253, p < 0.001). In univariate analysis, ASA classification, post pancreatectomy acute pancreatitis (POAP, serum amylase on POD0 >285IU/L) and Fistula Risk Grade were correlated with POPF occurrence. In multivariable analysis, Fistula risk grade and POAP were significantly associated with developing POPF.ConclusionIn patients with higher serum amylase (>285IU/L) on POD0 with higher fistula risk grade, comprehensive management to achieve mitigation of POPF is important.     

股骨近端不同平面皮质骨厚度值、X射线灰度值与女性髋部脆性骨折的相关性

文题释义：脆性骨折：是指在无创伤或较微创伤情况下引起的骨折，一般是指在平地或人体站立高度下活动过程中发生的骨折，X射线下常可见骨骼有骨质疏松征象，也称为骨质疏松性骨折。 髋部骨折：是指发生在髋部及周围的骨折，包括股骨颈骨折、股骨转子间骨折、转子间骨折及髋臼骨折等，是骨质疏松性骨折最常发生的骨折部位，患者常因高龄且伴有基础疾病而1年内死亡率可达50%，5年存活率为20%。 背景：随着人口老龄化，脆性骨折疾病受到临床越来越多的关注，骨密度值的单独使用已经不能满足临床对脆性骨折的风险评估。目前骨皮质厚度作为评估脆性骨折发生风险的新方向和新方法之一，受到越来越多学者的研究和讨论。 目的：探讨在X射线DR摄影下，股骨近端不同平面骨皮质厚度值、X射线灰度值与50岁以上女性髋部脆性骨折的相关性，以此探寻股骨近端不同平面中，用于预测女性髋部脆性骨折发生风险最合适的测量平面。 方法：依照纳入标准收集2018年7月至2019年6月在广西医科大学第九附属医院放射科行X射线DR骨盆正位片检查的50岁以上女性患者100例的相关临床资料。所有患者对试验方案均知情同意，且得到医院伦理委员会批准。股骨近端骨皮质厚度值的测量平面设计为股骨颈中段、小转子上1 cm以内和小转子下1 cm以内，共3个测量平面。X射线灰度值测量以大转子和小转子的中点连线作为矩形对角线取矩形区域测量。 结果与结论：①50-64岁年龄组记为A组，65岁及以上年龄组记为B组，每组各50例；② B组患者的小转子上1 cm以内和小转子下1 cm以内平面的骨皮质厚度值、X射线灰度值比A组低，骨折率比A组高，差异均有显著性意义(P < 0.05)；而股骨颈中段平面的骨皮质厚度值2组间比较差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05)；③骨皮质厚度值的测量平面比较，骨皮质厚度测量值在整体上由高到低依次为小转子下1 cm以内、小转子上1 cm以内和股骨颈中段平面，差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05)；④观察对象小转子下1 cm以内及小转子上1 cm以内骨皮质厚度值、X射线灰度值、年龄，与脆性骨折相关系数依次为-0.303，-0.205，-0.272及0.346(P < 0.05)，但股骨颈中段平面皮质骨厚度与脆性骨折无明显相关性(P > 0.05)；⑤A组中骨折和非骨折患者小转子上1 cm以内和小转子下1 cm以内测量平面的骨皮质厚度值比较差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05)；B组中骨折和非骨折患者各指标比较差异均无显著性意义(P > 0.05)；在50岁以上的所有患者中，骨折和非骨折患者各测量平面的骨皮质厚度值和X射线灰度值的比较差异均有显著性意义(P < 0.05)；⑥说明骨皮质厚度值变薄，X射线灰度值变小，则髋部脆性骨折可能性变高。利用股骨近端骨皮质厚度评估50岁以上女性髋部脆性骨折风险时，推荐在股骨小转子下1 cm以内平面进行测量。 ORCID: 0000-0003-1961-7468(覃海阔) 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：人工关节；骨植入物；脊柱；骨折；内固定；数字化骨科；组织工程     

早期高危子宫内膜癌“夹心模式”序贯放化疗的疗效分析

目的评估“化疗-放疗-化疗”的“夹心模式”序贯放化疗在早期高危子宫内膜癌患者中疗效及可行性。方法回顾性分析2004年1月至2015年12月于北京大学人民医院行分期手术,分期(FIGO 2009)Ⅰ~Ⅱ期,且术后行“夹心疗法”的内膜癌患者,分析其临床病理特征,复发、生存及副反应。结果40例纳入研究,平均年龄(57±7)岁;随访51~182个月,仅1例术后66个月发生远处复发,其余均无瘤生存;5年总生存率及无疾病生存率均100%;无疾病生存期(178.7±3.3)m(95%CI:172.3~185.1);16例出现化疗副反应,仅1例发生Ⅲ度骨髓抑制;8例出现放疗副反应,其中1例发生左侧输尿管狭窄,其余为Ⅰ~Ⅱ度副反应。结论“夹心疗法”应用于早期高危内膜癌具有较好疗效,副反应可耐受。因病例数有限,有待积累病例,进一步总结。     

Peer-relationship patterns and their association with types of child abuse and adolescent risk behaviors among youth at-risk of maltreatment

IntroductionThis study investigates underlying patterns of peer relationships using diverse concepts (i.e., peer dynamics, peer popularity, and deviant peer affiliation). It also examines whether the patterns of peer relationships differ by type of child abuse, as well as the association between peer relationships and adolescent risk behaviors.MethodsThis study included a sample of 659 youth (328 boys, 331 girls) at-risk of maltreatment, primarily low-income and living in the U.S. Peer dynamics were assessed using five separate components (self-report). Peer popularity was measured using teacher's estimation of child's peer status. Deviant peer affiliation was assessed using a modified version of the Youth Risk Behavior and Monitoring the Future Survey. Each type of abuse was assessed at age 12 using a self-report method. Self-reported adolescent sexual risk behaviors and substance use were assessed at age 16.ResultsLatent class analysis identified 4 distinct patterns: 1) Friendly, with prosocial peer groups (10.2%); 2) Socially ignored, with prosocial peer groups (55.2%); 3) Severely antisocial peer groups (6.8%); and 4) Moderately antisocial peer groups (27.8%). Among all types of child abuse, emotionally abused youth were more likely to be involved in severely antisocial peer groups. Additionally, youth in the severely antisocial peer groups were more likely to exhibit adolescent risk behaviors.ConclusionsThese findings argue clearly for the need to gain a deeper understanding of the role played by peer relationships, and of the effect of emotional abuse on the likelihood of membership in severely antisocial peer groups.