灭鼠后家鼠数量恢复的研究

目的 :探讨灭鼠后家鼠数量恢复情况和规律 ,为制定灭鼠巩固措施提供依据。方法 :采用 0 .0 0 5 %溴敌隆毒米饱和投毒灭鼠 ,后逐月用粉迹法和笼夜法测定鼠密度。结果 :灭鼠较彻底、环境卫生条件好的住宅区 ,低鼠密度可保持 5～ 6个月 ,8个月后鼠密度即恢复到灭鼠前的水平。环境卫生差 ,鼠密度高的农村 ,仅通过毒鼠难以把鼠密度降到较低水平 ;即使通过连续灭鼠把密度大幅度降下来 ,但 1～ 2个月后又恢复至灭鼠前的水平。不同季节灭鼠效果有明显差异。结论 :灭鼠后家鼠数量恢复的速度与灭鼠率、环境卫生条件有关 ,即灭鼠率高、环境卫生条件好的恢复慢 ;否则 ,恢复快。农村灭鼠必须把毒鼠和改造环境结合起来 ,方能有效控制鼠害。     

一期切除吻合术在左半结肠急性梗阻中的应用(附33例报告)

目的：探讨左半结肠急性梗阻如何安全实施一期切除吻合术。方法：回顾分析左半结肠急性梗阻行一期切除吻合术３３例。结果：一期愈合３１例,吻合口瘘１例,死亡率１例。结论：左半结肠急性梗阻只要正确掌握一期切除吻合术适应症,以及完善术中术后处理,可以安全施行一期切除吻合术。     

晶氧和碳酸氢钠改善第二产程母血酸碱平衡

对９９ 例经阴道分娩的产妇于第二产程开始时给予鼻导管吸氧,静脉滴注碳酸氢钠、过氧化氢碳酸酰胺（ 晶氧） ,于第二产程始末两次采母桡动脉血行血气分析。结果显示：晶氧碳酸氢钠联用组（ Ⅰ组）于第二产程结束时其ｐＨ,ＢＥ,ＰＯ２ 及Ｏ２ｓａｔ均显著高于对照组（ Ⅲ组）（ Ｐ ＜ ０ ．０５ 和＜ ０ ．０１） ,而ＰＯ２ 及Ｏ２ｓａｔ则无统计学差异;Ⅰ组与Ⅱ组ｐＨ,ＰＯ２ 及Ｏ２ｓａｔ 值于第二产程末较开始时显著升高（ Ｐ ＜ ０ ．０５ 和＜ ０ ．０１） ,ＢＥ 在该产程始末无统计学差异;Ⅲ组上述４ 指标明显下降（ Ｐ ＜ ０ ．０５ 和＜ ０ ．０１） 。各组间及组内比较ＰＣＯ２ 均无明显变化。提示第二产程中常规给予纠酸,吸氧内给氧能有效地改善产妇过度消耗所致的酸中毒和缺氧倾向。     

Patients' and doctors' perception of long-term morbidity in patients with testicular cancer clinical stage I

Patient-based questionnaires were designed with the aim to identify and rank long-term somatic and psychosocial morbidity in patients with low-stage testicular cancer. A further intention was to compare patients' assessments with experienced doctors' general opinion on quality of life items in cured testicular cancer patients. In pilot study I, 103 tumour-free patients ranked items of physical and psychosocial morbidity after having had various kinds of treatment. Though the ranking procedure appeared to cause some difficulties amongst the patients and subsequently was abandoned, the results indicated considerable differences between the patients' and doctors' evaluations. In pilot study II patients were asked to score the different items. The questionnaire of pilot study II was completed by 107 patients from the Norwegian Radium Hospital (NRH) and 99 relapse-free patients from the Royal Marsden Hospital (RMH) with testicular cancer stage I at least 1 year after infradiaphragmatic radiotherapy (n = 94) or adjuvant chemotherapy (2 cycles,n=26), or patients who had been followed on the surveillance program (n = 86). A total of 93 doctors completed a similar questionnaire, thereby expressing their general opinion on long-term morbidity in comparable testicular cancer patients as seen during routine clinical follow-up. Both the irradiated patients and those on the surveillance program reported slight degrees of Raynaud-like phenomena, neurotoxicity and ototoxicity, most probably representing background morbidity in an age-matched general male population. Doctors tended to underestimate their patients' somatic morbidity, but often overestimated the degree of psychological distress, in particular in patients on the surveillance program. Significant differences between RMH and NRH patients with regard to sexual problems and to leisure time activity may be explained by cultural differences in the two countries. The items presented in the questionnaire used identify important issues for patients cured of testicular cancer which may be used in future multicentre trans-cultural studies assessing these patients' quality of life. This will provide sufficient data for psychometric testing and, together with the findings from patients' free comments, support the final design of a testicular cancer quality of life module.     

Face lifting with suspensory restoration of the fibromuscular tissues of the face and neck

A series of before and after slides are shown of patients who have had the author's wall type restoration of the fibro-fatty musculo-fascial restoration of the face and neck in conjunction with face lifting. Several sutures (2–0 white Dacron usually 8 to 10 in all) are placed together so as to tighten the fibro-fatty musclo-fascial layer of the neck and face to as nearly as possible that which it had in youth. These are not the typical plication sutures but are sturdy suture material and are tied tightly. Furthermore, the tension on the tissues is distributed evenly by a whole series of sutures which additionally gives a smoother wall type reconstruction.The technique decreases the dead space in the cervico-facial dissection by at least 50 per cent and avoids suture ridging. Since using this technique and subsequent to the submission of this paper, there have been no hematomata in over 150 consecutive face lifts.     

The functional restoration approach for chronic spinal disability

The functional restoration approach to treating chronic spinal disability consists of a medically directed, interdisciplinary team approach to physical reconditioning and a cognitive-behavioral crisis intervention procedure for dealing with related psychosocial problems. One- and two-year follow-up studies have demonstrated the clinical efficacy of this approach. The present article describes this approach and summarizes the research documenting its success in treating patients with chronic spinal disability. This article also highlights the pitfalls in misunderstanding and misrepresenting the components of the functional restoration approach when evaluating treatment efficacy.     

论中药饮片的使用期

目的：研究中药饮片的使用期。方法：采用梯度升温法得到符合化学动力学的变化规律。结果：说明橘皮的成分会随着存放时间发生变化。结论：中药饮片应有合理的使用期，以更好的保证临床用药的效果。     

头针对超早期局部脑缺血大鼠的影响

目的观察头针治疗超早期脑梗死的效果并探讨作用机理。方法用 SD 大鼠制做动脉血栓性大脑中动脉局灶性脑梗死动物模型,术后2h 分别予通脑活络针刺法及尿激酶溶栓法治疗,并设模型组与假手术组。各组分别于栓塞后6h、3天及7天测量神经功能损害积分、脑梗死容积百分比、脑组织含水量、脑组织一氧化氮(NO)含量、总超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力及丙二醛(MDA)含量。结果术后经针刺或溶栓治疗3天及7天大鼠神经功能损害评分、脑梗死容积百分比、脑组织含水率较模型组显著减少,7天时针刺组与溶栓组神经功能损害评分、脑梗死容积百分比、脑组织含水率的比较差异无显著性。栓塞后针刺组各时间点脑组织总 SOD 活力明显高于模型组(P<0.05),而 MDA 含量明显低于模型组(P<0.05)。结论超早期通脑活络针刺法治疗急性脑梗死有明显疗效。减少氧自由基的产生、直接对神经元起到保护作用可能是其作用机理之一。     

化痰通络汤治疗缺血性中风恢复期风痰瘀阻证29例的临床观察

目的 观察化痰通络汤对缺血性中风恢复期风痰瘀阻证的临床疗效.方法 将57例缺血性中风恢复期风痰瘀阻证患者随机分为两组,治疗组29例采用化痰通络汤治疗,对照组28例采用消栓通络胶囊治疗,治疗8周后评价临床疗效.结果 两组患者治疗后神经功能缺损评分均得到明显改善(P<0.01),且治疗组优于对照组(P<0.05):治疗组的临床疗效及显效率优于对照组(P<0.05).结论 化痰通络汤治疗缺血性中风恢复期风痰瘀阻证有效.     

134例头颈部肿瘤手术后缺损修复

目的：分析4种皮瓣修复头颈部缺损的效果、功能、并发症和供区创伤的大小，以为不同的缺损选择不同的皮瓣。方法：134例头颈部肿瘤患者，均行联合根治术加胸大肌肌皮瓣、颈阔肌肌皮瓣、额瓣、前臂皮瓣修复。结果：胸大肌皮瓣全部存活96例，部分坏死21例，坏死≥1／25例，全部坏死2例，颈阔肌皮瓣全部存活2例，部分坏死1例，全部坏死1例，4例额瓣和2例前臂皮瓣全部存活。结论：口腔及颈部大面积缺损需要胸大肌肌皮瓣修复，对需要洞穿修复的，尤其是女性，应尽量避免用胸大肌折叠瓣，可用复合瓣。对一般的口腔缺损用前臂皮瓣修复最为合适。