双钢丝球囊在支架内再狭窄中的应用

目的 评价双钢丝球囊在支架内再狭窄治疗中的有效性和安全性。方法 32例支架内再狭窄病人, 共有再狭窄靶病变37处,采用双钢丝球囊对靶病变进行扩张,观察扩张效果并进行临床随访。结果 全部37 处再狭窄病变的双钢丝球囊扩张成功率为100％,术后血管狭窄程度明显减轻[(87.7±8.6)％比(7.7±6.7)％, P<0.001],住院期间无1例发生死亡、未发生Q波性心肌梗死和心力衰竭等严重临床并发症。1处支架外缘受 累的再狭窄病变在扩张后出现轻度内膜撕裂(A型),4处支架外缘受累的再狭窄病变于支架外缘受累血管段补 充置入支架。临床随访3-15(8.0±3.4)个月,2例出现心绞痛复发。结论 双钢丝球囊成形术对支架内再狭 窄是有效、安全的治疗方法。     

普罗布考和科素亚对血管成形术后生长因子表达的影响

目的 :研究普罗布考和科素亚对血管成形术后再狭窄的预防作用和对生长因子表达的影响。方法 :新西兰白兔30只均予高脂饮食 ,1周后进行髂动脉球囊拉伤术 ,随机分为对照组 (C组 )、普罗布考组 (P组 )、科素亚组 (L组 )。术后第 4周进行血管形态学检查 ,用免疫组化方法检测胰岛素样生长因子 - 1受体 (IGF- 1 R)、血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)、增殖细胞核抗原 (PCNA)表达。结果 :与 C组相比 ,P组和 L 组血管腔面积明显扩大 (P<0 .0 1 ) ,IGF- 1 R、VEGF和 PCNA表达明显减少 (P<0 .0 1 ) ,P组和 L组相比无显著性差异 (P>0 .0 5 )。结论 :普罗布考和科素亚可以显著减轻兔髂动脉血管成形术后再狭窄的形成 ,抑制 IGF- 1、VEGF和 PCNA的表达 ,而两药之间则无显著性差异     

雷帕霉素洗脱支架预防冠状动脉再狭窄的研究进展

经皮冠状动脉介入治疗已成为治疗冠心病的重要手段之一，但术后再狭窄仍是介入心脏病学面临的难题。现论述雷帕霉素的一般药理特性和雷帕霉素洗脱支架预防再狭窄的基础研究、临床试验等方面的研究进展。并探讨了可能存在的问题。     

温阳活血方防治冠心病PCI术后再狭窄的临床研究

目的：研究温阳活血方（WHO）防治冠心病介入术（PCI）后再狭窄的临床疗效。方法：将进行PCI术成功的50例阳虚血瘀证冠心病患者随机分为治疗组（25例）和对照组（25例）,对照组常规西药治疗,治疗组在此基础上服用温阳活血方,疗程为3个月。对患者在治疗前及治疗后1周、2周、3周、4周及12周后进行心绞痛、血瘀证、胸痹证候量化评分及证候疗效评定。结果：治疗组的心绞痛、血瘀证、中医胸痹证候的改善程度以及对心血管事件的预防优于对照组;两组患者的血脂情况均有改善,但组间比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论：温阳活血方对防治PCI术后再狭窄具有一定疗效。     

Peripheral Angioplasty as the First-choice Revascularization Procedure in Diabetic Patients with Critical Limb Ischemia: Prospective Study of 993 Consecutive Patients Hospitalized and Followed Between 1999 and 2003

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of peripheral angioplasty (PTA) as the first-choice revascularisation procedure in diabetic patients with critical limb ischemia (CLI). DESIGN: Prospective study. METHODS: PTA was employed as first choice revascularisation in a consecutive series of diabetic patients hospitalized for CLI between January 1999 and December 2003. RESULTS: PTA was successful performed in 993 patients. Seventeen (1.7%) major amputations were carried out. One death and 33 non-fatal complications were observed. Mean follow-up was 26+/-15 months. Clinical restenosis was observed in 87 patients. The 5 years primary patency was 88%, 95% CI 86-91%. During follow-up 119 (12.0%) patients died at a rate of 6.7% per year. CONCLUSIONS: PTA as the first choice revascularisation procedure is feasible, safe and effective for limb salvage in a high percentage of diabetic patients. Clinical restenosis was an infrequent event and PTA could successfully be repeated in most cases.     

The endovascular approach for in-stent restenosis in femoropopliteal disease

In-stent restenosis remains one of the main drawbacks of stenting the femoropopliteal segment, and leads to stent failure and repeated interventions. A variety of endovascular techniques have been investigated so far to reduce this phenomenon, including plain angioplasty, atherectomy, new stent deployment, cutting balloons and cryoplasty but without satisfactory mid- and long-term results. More recently drug-eluting devices have been applied in femoropopliteal in-stent restenosis with promising results. The aim of this review is to analyse the indication and effectiveness of those endovascular techniques for the treatment of in-stent restenosis.     

Targeting stents with local delivery of paclitaxel-loaded magnetic nanoparticles using uniform fields

The use of stents for vascular disease has resulted in a paradigm shift with significant improvement in therapeutic outcomes. Polymer-coated drug-eluting stents (DES) have also significantly reduced the incidence of reobstruction post stenting, a disorder termed in-stent restenosis. However, the current DESs lack the capacity for adjustment of the drug dose and release kinetics to the disease status of the treated vessel. We hypothesized that these limitations can be addressed by a strategy combining magnetic targeting via a uniform field-induced magnetization effect and a biocompatible magnetic nanoparticle (MNP) formulation designed for efficient entrapment and delivery of paclitaxel (PTX). Magnetic treatment of cultured arterial smooth muscle cells with PTX-loaded MNPs caused significant cell growth inhibition, which was not observed under nonmagnetic conditions. In agreement with the results of mathematical modeling, significantly higher localization rates of locally delivered MNPs to stented arteries were achieved with uniform-field–controlled targeting compared to nonmagnetic controls in the rat carotid stenting model. The arterial tissue levels of stent-targeted MNPs remained 4- to 10-fold higher in magnetically treated animals vs. control over 5 days post delivery. The enhanced retention of MNPs at target sites due to the uniform field-induced magnetization effect resulted in a significant inhibition of in-stent restenosis with a relatively low dose of MNP-encapsulated PTX (7.5 μg PTX/stent). Thus, this study demonstrates the feasibility of site-specific drug delivery to implanted magnetizable stents by uniform field-controlled targeting of MNPs with efficacy for in-stent restenosis.     

药物涂层球囊治疗冠状动脉支架内再狭窄和小血管病变的临床疗效

目的 观察药物涂层球囊(DCB)治疗冠状动脉支架内再狭窄(ISR)和小血管病变的临床疗效。方法 回顾性分析2018年1月至2019年10月入住我院行DCB治疗的冠心病患者48例,其中ISR 22例,小血管病变26例。另选取性别、病变血管及类型相同,年龄、合并基础疾病等相近的行药物涂层支架(DES)治疗的患者48例作为对照组。以心源性死亡、非致死性急性心肌梗死(AMI)、靶病变再次血运重建(TLR)等不良心血管事件(MACE)为主要终点观察指标,记录复查冠脉造影或冠脉CT结果。结果 平均随访(9.15±5.46)个月。DES组MACE发生率为8.34%,高于DCB组的4.17%,但差异无统计学意义(P0.05);两组均未发生心源性死亡病例,DCB组中无非致死性AMI,DES组发生1例(2.08%),组间比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05);DCB组行TLR 2例(4.17%),低于DES组4例(8.34%),但差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。DCB组在(9.24±4.02)个月有19例患者复查冠脉造影和4例复查冠脉CT,ISR患者10例(1例血管狭窄85%),小血管病变13例(1例血管狭窄90%);DES组在(8.34±5.28)个月有14例复查冠脉造影,ISR患者6例(1例血管狭窄80%),小血管病变8例(1例血管狭窄99%的非致死性AMI,2例血管狭窄75%和80%)。生存曲线分析显示,两组在随访过程中无MACE生存率比较,差异无统计学意义(P=0.406)。结论 药物涂层球囊治疗冠状动脉支架内再狭窄和小血管病变的疗效不劣于药物涂层支架,可作为临床冠脉血运重建的重要策略。     

支架内再狭窄的痰瘀致病理论探讨

冠心病发病率高、死亡率高，严重威胁人们健康。在冠心病的治疗上，除药物和外科手术外，介入疗法目前已成为心肌血运重建的重要手段。