腹腔热灌注化疗治疗结直肠癌腹膜癌

结直肠癌局域性进展可形成腹膜癌，大约10％的患者初诊即发现腹膜癌，有4％～19％的患者在根治术后随访期发生腹膜癌，25％～35％的复发患者以腹膜癌为唯一表现。全身化疗对此类腹膜癌只是姑息性治疗，中位生存期不足6个月。缩瘤术加腹腔热灌注化疗则可清除宏观和微观癌细胞。荷兰癌症中心的Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ期临床试验总结分析表明，接受完全缩瘤术加腹腔热灌注化疗者的中位生存期可达42．9个月，1、3、5年生存率分别是95％、56％和43％，明显高于传统治疗方法，已成为英国、法国、意大利、荷兰、西班牙和澳大利亚等国的标准治疗。     

一种视频编码中去低照度噪声方法

提出了一种消除低照度、中慢速运动视频序列中噪声的方法。在编码的不同阶段采取不同的滤波方法：在预测编码阶段，对于帧内块利用空域相关信息采取高斯去噪方法，对于帧间块利用时域相关信息采取运动补偿去噪策略；在变换编码阶段，采取8×8整数DCT变换的方法。在量化中去除高频噪声。实验结果表明了方法的有效性，降低了码流。     

鼎力健胶囊的安全性试验

背景与目的:鼎力健胶囊是由蚂蚁粉与中药组成的复方制剂,为确定其对人体健康是否会造成损害,对其进行食品安全性毒理学评价.材料与方法:用急性毒性试验、小鼠骨髓细胞微核试验、小鼠精子畸形试验和Ames试验方法对鼎力健胶囊的急性毒性和遗传毒性进行研究.结果:急性毒性试验大鼠、小鼠最大耐受剂量(maximum tolerated-dose,MTD)均＞20.0 g/kg体重,属无毒级物质;Ames试验、小鼠骨髓细胞微核试验和小鼠睾丸精子畸形试验结果均为阴性.结论:鼎力健胶囊无急性毒性和致突变性.     

食管胃前壁吻合加胃底重建预防反流性食管炎临床研究

目的探讨食管胃前壁吻合及胃底重建在胃底贲门癌切除术后预防反流性食管炎的价值。方法对310例胃底贲门癌患者常规经上腹正中切口行近端胃根治术后,170例行食管胃前壁吻合加胃底重建重新形成His角(A组),140例单纯行食管胃后壁吻合(B组)。术后观察临床症状和通过上消化道造影及胃镜检查来评定其抗反流效果。结果食管胃前壁吻合抗反流优良率达78%。食管胃后壁吻合抗反流优良率35%,经统计学处理二者抗反流差别有显著性意义(<0.01)。结论食管胃前壁吻合加胃底重建能有效预防反流性食管炎,是一种简便、较理想的消化道重建术式。     

On the use of Orbscan II to assess the peripheral corneal thickness in humans: a comparison with ultrasound pachometry measures.

PURPOSE: To compare the measures of corneal thickness measurements obtained by an optical scanning slit method with those obtained by an ultrasound (US) pachometer, with special interest in the mid-peripheral (2.5 mm from centre) and peripheral (4.5 mm from centre) region of the cornea. METHODS: Three measures of corneal thickness were taken using Orbscan II and then by US pachometry (under topical anaesthesia with benoxinate 0.4%) on 24 adults, aged 20-58 years and with up to 8.5 D of myopia. The full Orbscan topography maps were used to extract single point data along the horizontal corneal meridian for the geometric centre, 2.5 mm from centre (nasal and temporal) and 4.5 mm (nasal and temporal) from centre. No correction factor was used for the Orbscan data. The same set of measures were made with the US pachometer. In all cases, the averages of three (centre) or six (mid-periphery and periphery) readings were taken as the measurements from each cornea. RESULTS: Orbscan readings on the right eyes averaged 0.576, 0.632 and 0.712 mm for central, mid-peripheral and peripheral sites with average values for emmetropic subjects (<1 DS, n = 12) being marginally higher than for myopic subjects (average - 4.00 DS, n = 12). For US pachometry, the average values were however 0.522, 0.554 and 0.606 mm. Similar results were obtained on left eyes. Combining data from both eyes also showed that the mean difference between Orbscan II and US measures was not constant across the cornea, being 0.055 +/- 0.014 mm at the centre, 0.080 +/- 0.019 mm at mid-peripheral locations and 0.107 +/- 0.046 mm at the peripheral sites. These differences persisted after application of the generally recommended acoustic factor (x0.92) to all of the Orbscan readings. CONCLUSIONS: A single acoustic factor correction cannot be applied to all corneal thickness measures made with an Orbscan II to equate the measures to those made with an US pachometer.     

细胞壁缺陷结核分枝杆菌耐药性的基因研究

目的检测与分析细胞壁缺陷结核分枝杆菌的耐药性相关基因，探讨细胞壁缺陷结核分枝杆菌耐药性的基因基础。方法分别分离16株自发形成和用利福平、异烟肼、乙胺丁醇诱导形成的结核分枝杆菌的染色体DNA，PCR扩增IS986序列以及rpoB、katG和embB基因后进行凝胶电泳和序列分析。结果自发形成及抗结核药物诱导形成的结核分枝杆菌稳定L型可在含利福平（4μg／ml）、异烟肼（0．2μg／ml）、乙胺丁醇（7．5μg／ml）的培养基内生长与传代培养。基因检测与分析显示，结核分枝杆菌稳定L型仍然保留IS986基因，rpoB、katG、embB基因也未见突变。结论结核分枝杆菌稳定L型可自发形成，也可被利福平、异烟肼和乙胺丁醇诱导形成。结核分枝杆菌稳定L型对利福平、异烟肼、乙胺丁醇形成耐药性，但其染色体上耐药相关基因并没有发生突变。除染色体耐药相关基因突变可造成结核分枝杆菌形成耐药性外，细胞壁缺陷也是造成结核分枝杆菌形成耐药性的一个重要机制。     

Timing of surgery for infantile esotropia: sensory and motor outcomes

Infantile esotropia is a common ophthalmic disorder in childhood. It is often accompanied by profound maldevelopment of stereopsis, motion processing, and eye movements, despite successful surgical realignment of the eyes.The proper timing of surgery has been debated for decades. There is growing evidence from clinical and animal studies that surgery during the early critical periods enhances sensory and ocular motor development. The Congenital Esotropia Observational Study has defined a clinical profile of infants who will benefit most from early surgery, and several other studies have shown that early surgery does not lead to adverse long-term effects. Clinicians now should consider offering early surgery to patients with large-angle, constant infantile esotropia at or before 10 months of age.     

延胡索及其破壁品、炮制品中有效成分的研究

目的：比较生品、破壁延胡索及其炮制品中延胡索乙素和去氢紫堇碱的含量差异。方法：采用破壁技术对延胡索进行破壁处理并炮制，采用Kromasil C₁₈色谱柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5.0 μm),流动相乙腈-醋酸盐缓冲液(pH 6.0)(30∶70)，流速1 mL·min^-1，柱温35 ℃，检测波长280 nm，测定破壁及炮制前后的延胡索乙素和去氢紫堇碱的含量。结果：破壁延胡索与生品相比，去氢紫堇碱和乙素含量都有所增高，破壁醋炙品中两者含量最高。结论：延胡索破壁后有利于生物碱的溶出。     

壳寡聚糖对变形链球菌影响的电镜观察

[目的]研究壳寡聚糖对变形链球菌细胞壁结构的影响,探讨壳寡聚糖对变形链球菌产生抑制作用的可能机制。[方法]选择变形链球菌S.mutansATCC25175作为实验菌株,实验分壳寡聚糖处理组及空白对照组,厌氧环境(80%N2、10%H2、10%CO2)下培养24h,使用扫描电镜及透射电镜分别观察变形链球菌细胞表面和细胞壁及细胞内部的变化情况,了解壳寡聚糖对变形链球菌结构的影响。[结果]扫描电镜观察显示壳寡聚糖处理后的变形链球菌细胞表面有凹陷及内容物溢出等表现,而透射电镜观察显示壳寡聚糖使变形链球菌细胞壁的完整性被破坏,胞浆内有空泡形成。[结论]本实验结果提示壳寡聚糖可能通过影响变形链球菌细胞壁结构和功能的完整性而产生抑制作用。     

284例围产儿死亡病例分析

目的:探讨围产儿死亡的主要原因,为制定有针对性的预防措施,有效降低围产儿死亡率提供依据。方法:对2001年7月~2006年1月284例围产儿死亡病例进行回顾性统计分析。结果:先天畸形造成的围产儿死亡最多,共193例,占70.0%:其中,2个或2个以上系统畸形占26.9%,单系统畸形以水肿胎、骨骼异常、神经系统畸形、泌尿生殖道畸形、先天性心脏病最多见;有97例做了染色体核型分析,染色体异常患者为20例,异常率为20.6%,染色体多态性8例,占8.3%。结论:规范产前检查制度,提倡中孕早期常规行超声波检查,及早发现异常胎儿,减少围产儿死亡率。