HFTJV对蒸气吸入性损伤犬血气的影响

采用本地健康杂种犬15条，分成对照组（6条）和正反双向喷射通气（HFTJV）治疗组（9条）二组，用蒸气吸入方法使犬严重致伤，随后分析损伤犬的血气变化及HFTJV对其的影响。结果表明：损伤犬皆迅速呈现Ⅱ型呼吸衰竭改变；HFTJV对维持严重蒸所吸入性损伤犬血气的正常有显著作用；在需要改善严重缺O2状态同时又要加强CO2排出时，HFTJV有独到之处。     

Mesothelioma among machinists in railroad and other industries

The first phase of the exploration of occupation-related cancer among machinists was a retrospective review of deaths among members of the International Association of Machinists and Aerospace Workers in 1973, in which mesotheliomas were identified in workers in railroad and other industries. The second phase of the study initiated in 1982 was the establishment of a cohort study of machinists, employed for railroad company A, who were alive in January 1954. The cohort consisted of 197 machinists who had been employed by the same railroad prior to 1935 and observed to 1982. Causes of death were identified for 132 of the cohort. There were 18 alive and 47 not traced. Among the 29 cancer deaths, there were nine mesotheliomas and one endothelioma of the pleura. Additional retrospective surveys of deaths among members of the railroad lodges of the international union, together with the cohort study, identified a total of 42 mesotheliomas, two endotheliomas of the pleura, and two cancers of the pleura among former railroad machinists. Among the machinists employed in other industries, 16 mesotheliomas and six cancers of the pleura were identified. For decades, machinists, by the nature of their craft, have had a high risk of occupation-related cancer due to asbestos exposure.     

Measurement of rat brain perfusion by NMR using spin labeling of arterial water: In vivo determination of the degree of spin labeling

In vivo NMR experiments are performed to determine the degree of spin labeling for measurement of tissue perfusion by NMR using spin labeling of arterial water by adiabatic fast passage. Arterial water spins are labeled using flow in the presence of a field gradient and B₁ irradiation to fulfill the conditions for adiabatic fast passage spin inversion. It is demonstrated that the NMR-measured tissue perfusion is not affected by changing the degree of spin labeling as long as the degree of spin labeling is determined and accounted for according to the model used for calculating perfusion. By measuring the degree of spin labeling with different arterial blood flow velocities induced by different arterial pCO₂, it is also demonstrated that, when spin labeling is carried out by adiabatic fast passage, the degree of spin labeling is not affected by changes in arterial blood flow velocity over a broad range.     

预留缝线延期打结在皮瓣受区的应用

目的总结预留缝线延期打结在皮瓣受区应用的体会。方法 2009年10月—2012年6月,77例皮瓣与受区缝合后张力过高的创面,不强行拉拢缝线闭合创面,而是预留缝线,加强创面换药,留待创面皮瓣肿胀消退,于术后7 d左右收拢缝线打结闭合残余创面。结果本组77例皮瓣与受区预留缝线延期打结闭合的创面全部获得随访,创面愈合后未见明显瘢痕,皮瓣成活良好,皮瓣边缘也未见坏死,创面愈合优良率100%。结论预留缝线延期打结法是闭合皮瓣受区创面的一种较好方法之一,可确保皮瓣成活、促进创面愈合。     

Ensuring Compliance of Raw Herbal Materials Stemmed from China with European Good Agricultural and Collection Practice

A “simplified” European procedure now allows the registration of traditional herbal medicines as medicinal products even without the support of clinical data. This procedure entails the requirement that those products comply with European Good Manufacturing Practice for medicinal products, which in turn implies that the raw herbal materials comply with the European Guidelines for Good Agricultural and Collection Practice. On the basis of a comparison between European Good Agricultural and Collection Practice and China Good Agricultural Practice, as well as direct observation made at sites in China, we issue some recommendations to facilitate good communication between the Chinese producer and European pharmaceutical customer, with a view to ensure full compliance with European expectations.     

预真空压力蒸汽灭菌效果监测不达标原因分析及探讨

压力蒸汽灭菌是目前热力灭菌中最普遍、效果最理想的一种灭菌方法,其优点是蒸汽穿透力强、灭菌效果可靠、能杀灭所有微生物。通过仔细观察故障现象,结合透彻理解压力蒸汽灭菌原理,巧妙利用监测结果,可以更快速准确分析问题解决故障。     

黄瓜子生炮制品活血效果比较及活血部位的筛选

目的：考察黄瓜子生品及炮制品的活血作用并对黄瓜子生品不同极性部位的活血作用进行考察,筛选有效部位。方法：采用胶原蛋白-肾上腺素诱导血栓法观察黄瓜子生品及炮制品对小鼠抗血栓作用的影响。采用剪尾法、玻片法观察黄瓜子生品不同极性部位对小鼠出血时间和凝血时间的影响。结果：黄瓜子生品和炮制品均有抗血栓作用,黄瓜子生品、炮制品和乙酸乙酯层具有明显延长小鼠出血时间和凝血时间的作用。结论：黄瓜子生品和炮制品均有活血作用,黄瓜子乙酸乙酯层是黄瓜子活血的主要活性部位。     

甲醛、环氧乙烷和高压蒸气消毒对丝线拉力的影响

将1#、4#丝线共80条分4组（消毒时间分别为1日、1周、2周和3周），用甲醛熏蒸消毒。另两组1#、4#丝线共40条分别用环氧乙烷和高压蒸气消毒。消毒后测试其拉力强度，结果与对照组相比，差异无显著性（P＞0．05）。结论：丝线经甲醛反复熏蒸或经一次环氧乙烷消毒、高压蒸气消毒后，拉力强度不受影响。     

Studies on the Oxidation Behavior and Microstructural Evolution of Two Nb-Modified HR3C Austenitic Steels under Pure Water Vapor at 650 °C

The steam oxidation behavior of three heterogeneous HR3C alloys was investigated at 650 °C comparatively. After a long-term oxidation process for 1000 h, the results demonstrated that the commercial HR3C alloy already exhibited a high oxidation resistance. However, the spallation resistance of the oxide scale was low during the initial oxidation period. The addition of a moderate amount of Nb into the alloy (1#HR3C) increased the oxidation resistance of the alloy. In addition, the improvement of the microstructural stability was substantially influenced by solid solution strengthening and fine grain strengthening. However, the addition of excessive Nb could significantly affect the growth model of the oxide scale and negatively affect the oxidation performance and microstructural evolution of the alloy (2#HR3C).     

组织病理学评估及同行评议的原始数据及GLP符合性解读

组织病理学评估是药物非临床安全性评价的重要环节，组织病理学同行评议不仅可以确保诊断术语的一致性和准确性，而且可以提高病理诊断的准确性和病理学报告的质量。因为GLP质量体系的核心是原始数据，所以要确保最终病理学报告能够真实反映原始数据。组织病理学评估和同行评议的原始数据是病理学报告重建和保证报告质量的基础。本文对国内外GLP法规对原始数据的定义、美国FDA对病理学原始数据的规定、国内外监管机构对组织病理学同行评议中原始数据的规定、不同类型组织病理学同行评议中的原始数据以及组织病理学同行评议的GLP符合性进行分析，希望为我国GLP机构更好地开展组织病理学评估及同行评议提供一定参考。