Inhibition of pro-inflammatory mediators and tumor cell proliferation by Anisomeles indica extracts

Anisomeles indica (L.) Kuntze (Labiatae), is a traditional anti-inflammatory herb used in Taiwan. The aqueous and methanolic extracts of whole plants, leaves, flowers and stems; and chloroform and n-butanol fractions of methanol extract, from A. indica were investigated for their anti-inflammatory activity on murine peritoneal macrophages. In addition, the tumor cells proliferation inhibition activities of these extracts were also evaluated against a panel of tumor cell lines such as Colon 205, PC 3, HepG2 and MCF 7. Treatment with A. indica extracts did not reduce cell viability at any dose used. However, all the extracts significantly inhibited the enhanced production of NO radicals, and pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-alpha, and IL-12) induced by LPS/IFN-gamma in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, methanolic extracts of leaves and flowers significantly and dose-dependently arrest mitogen-stimulated spleen cells in G0/G1 stage, in addition to their cell proliferation inhibition against Colon 205, MCF 7 and PC 3 by 94, 82; 98, 71; 82, 98%, respectively, at 200 microg/mL concentration. This is the first report on A. indica extracts for their growth inhibitory activities, against inflammatory mediator production, and human tumor cell lines, colon, prostate, hepatoma and breast cells proliferation.     

Effects of TGFbeta1 and extracts from Cervus korean TEMMINCK var. mantchuricus Swinhoe on acute and chronic arthritis in rats

AIM OF THE STUDY: To elucidate the pharmacological activities of deer antler acupuncture and TGF61538;1 on the acute and chronic phases of rheumatoid arthritis diseases. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Polyarthritis rats were administered with TGF61538;1 and water extract of deer antler acupunture (DAA), prepared from the pilose antler of Cervus korean TEMMINCK var. mantchuricus Swinhoe. TGF61538; (0.1 to 2 61549;g/animal) and DAA (5-100 61549;g/kg animal) were initiated 1 day before an arthritogenic dose of streptococcal cell wall fragments to see the effects on the joint swelling and distortion during the acute phase and the chronic phase of the disease. Arthritic index suppression of rat arthritis model was examined by TGF61538; and DAA administrations. RESULTS: TGF61538;1 and DAA diminished the polyarthritis development in rats. TGF61538; and DAA eliminated the joint swelling and distortion observed during the acute phase and the chronic phase of the disease. The TGF61538; and DAA suppressed the arthritis progress when administration was begun after acute phase of arthritis. DISCUSSION: Consistent with the inhibition of inflammatory cell recruitment into the synovium, TGF61538;1 and DAA reversed the leukocytosis associated with the chronic phase of the arthritis, respectively.     

Anti-inflammatory effects of hydroalcoholic extract and two biflavonoids from Garcinia gardneriana leaves in mouse paw oedema

Garcinia gardneriana (Planch. & Triana) Zappi (Clusiaceae) is widely distributed in Brazil and used in folk medicine to treat inflammation, pain, and urinary tract and other infections. However, very few studies have analyzed these therapeutic effects. In this study, the anti-inflammatory effects of the hydroalcoholic extracts from Garcinia gardneriana (HEGG) and some of its isolated biflavonoids were evaluated. The results showed that HEGG from the leaves, bark and seeds reduced carrageenan-induced mouse paw inflammation, in addition to diminishing the myeloperoxidase activity in the stimulated tissues. The reduction of neutrophil infiltration by treatment with the HEGG from leaves was confirmed by histology. The leaf extract also reduced the paw oedema evoked by bradykinin, histamine, prostaglandin E2 and 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol acetate. However, it partially decreased substance P and compound 48/80-caused paw oedema, without any influence on the arachidonic acid-induced oedema. Both of the isolated compounds, fukugetin and GB-2a, prevented the carrageenan-induced paw oedema. In conclusion, this study showed important anti-inflammatory effects of HEGG through its interaction with different intracellular signaling pathways, without interfering with the formation of arachidonic acid (AA) metabolites. These characteristics, in addition to the wide distribution and culturing ease of the plant, confirm its popular use and highlight its promise in the development of new anti-inflammatory drugs.     

黄芪提取物对局灶性脑缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用

目的探讨黄芪提取物(EA)对实验性局脑缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用.方法用栓线法复制大鼠局灶性脑缺血(MCAO)再灌注模型,观察神经功能评分、脑梗死体积和脑含水量、病理组织学及血液流变学变化.结果与模型组比较,EA(20、40、80 mg/kg)对大鼠MCAO 2 h再灌注24 h的神经功能学评分均有明显的改善作用,能减轻大鼠脑缺血再灌注后的脑组织含水量的增加,减小MCAO 2 h再灌注后大鼠的脑梗死体积; EA各组均能不同程度的改善大鼠脑缺血再灌注后的脑组织病理变化;EA(80 mg/kg)对脑缺血再灌注后大鼠全血黏度、高切还原黏度、高切相对黏度、低切相对黏度的升高有一定的抑制作用.结论 EA对局灶性脑缺血再灌注损伤大鼠有一定的保护作用,其机制可能与其抑制脑缺血再灌注后血液流变学改变有关.     

槟榔子中抗血小板聚集及抑制乙酰胆碱酯酶活性的有效成分（英文）

目的：研究槟榔子（Areca catechu）粗提取物中所含的抗血小板聚集及抑制乙酰胆碱酯酶活性的有效成分及其作用机制。方法：使用70%甲醇水溶液对槟榔子进行粗提取。使用生物发光血小板凝集仪在富血小板血浆中测定槟榔子粗提取物的抗血小板聚集作用,使用分光光度计在试管内测定槟榔子粗提取物对乙酰胆碱酯酶活性的抑制作用。检测槟榔子中的多种化合物以测定槟榔子中抗血小板聚集及抑制乙酰胆碱酯酶活性的有效成分。结果：槟榔子粗提取物能够抑制花生四烯酸、二磷酸腺苷、血小板活化因子、肾上腺素及钙离子载体引起的血小板聚集,尤其对二磷酸腺苷及钙离子载体引起的血小板聚集的抑制最为明显;槟榔子粗提取物能够显著抑制乙酰胆碱酯酶的活性。在所检测的槟榔子所含化合物中,只有儿茶素对肾上腺素引起的血小板聚集有显著的抑制作用,而这种抑制作用显著弱于槟榔子粗提取物,提示槟榔子中的其他成分参与了这种抑制作用;鞣酸、没食子酸、薯蓣皂苷元和异去甲槟榔次碱能够抑制乙酰胆碱酯酶的活性,其中鞣酸的抑制作用强于槟榔子粗提取物。结论：槟榔子中含有抗血小板聚集及抑制乙酰胆碱酯酶活性的有效成分,而发挥这些功效的确切成分有待进一步的研究证实。     

中药葛根及同属植物的化学模式识别

应用主成分分析法（PCA）对来源于全国不同产地的野葛及葛属的其它8种植物进行了化学模式识别研究，为葛属植物的药材质量评价及分类提供了依据。     

皮寒药质量标准初步研究

目的：对皮寒药药材质量标准进行初步研究。方法：研究皮寒药药材性状特征、粉末显微鉴别特征,并以皮寒药对照药材和β-谷甾醇对照品为对照,研究建立皮寒药药材的薄层鉴别方法;采用药典方法检查药材水分、灰分含量,并在浸出物测定方法学研究后,选择测定该药材水溶性浸出物（热浸法）含量。结果：建立了皮寒药药材性状和粉末显微鉴别特征以及...     

舒胃汤对功能性消化不良大鼠胃肠平滑肌Bcl-2、Caspase-12表达的影响

目的 通过观察舒胃汤对功能性消化不良(functional dyspepsia,FD)肝郁脾虚证模型大鼠胃窦和幽门区Bcl-2、Caspase-12蛋白及mRNA表达的影响,探讨舒胃汤治疗FD的作用和机制.方法 将Wistar大鼠60只随机分成空白组,模型组,莫沙必利组,舒胃汤低、中、高剂量组.按改良复合病因造模法造成FD肝郁脾虚证模型,连续21 d.分组干预,连续14d.处死大鼠后,取胃窦平滑肌和十二指肠上段组织.Western-blot法检测Bcl-2、Caspase-12蛋白表达;RT-PCR法检测Bcl-2、Caspase-12的mRNA表达.结果 Western-blot检测发现,与空白组比,模型组Caspase-12表达升高而Bcl-2表达降低(P<0.05);与模型组比,舒胃汤中、高组Caspase-12 mRNA表达显著降低(P<0.01).RT-PCR检测发现,与空白组比,模型组Caspase-12表达显著升高而Bcl-2表达显著降低(P<0.01);与模型组相比,舒胃汤低、中、高剂量组Caspase-12表达显著降低(P<0.01),中、高剂量组Bcl-2表达显著升高(P<0.01).结论 舒胃汤可能通过调控胃窦和幽门区凋亡因子Bcl-2、Caspase-12的表达抑制平滑肌细胞的凋亡,从而有效地治疗功能性消化不良.     

朝鲜白头翁、人参和甘草的复合水提物的抗血管生成作用

目的：本研究旨在证实朝鲜白头翁、人参和甘草的复合水提物（water extract ofPulsatillakoreana（Yabe ex Nakai）Nakai ex T.Mori.,PanaxginsengC.A.Meyer andGlycyrrhizauralensisFisch,WEPPG）的抗血管生成作用。方法：使用纤维母细胞生长因子致血管生成的人类脐静脉内皮细胞模型衡量细胞的增殖、黏附及迁移,同时进行细管形成实验及纤维母细胞生长因子致鸡胚绒毛尿囊膜血管生成实验检测WEPPG的抗血管生成作用。结果：WEPPG能够显著抑制纤维母细胞生长因子所致血管生成的人类脐静脉内皮细胞的增殖、黏附及迁移。信号蛋白分析显示多种蛋白表达变化,如细胞周期素A、p63、KIP2的上调及nibrin蛋白和黏着斑激酶的下调。与对照组相比,WEPPG显著减少了鸡胚绒毛尿囊膜血管生成。结论：本研究的结果证实了WEPPG的抗血管生成作用,这可能是这种药物具有抗癌功效的原因之一。     

木香不同煎煮方法对提取物的影响

实验对木香采用三种不同的方法进行煎煮,并对所得汤液中挥发油及浸膏进行含量测定,通过比较得出:木香浸泡煎煮20分钟左右汤液中挥发油收得率最高,随着煎煮时间的延长,汤液中挥发油含量有所下降,但不显著。浸膏煎出量随煎煮时间的延长而递增。