Combination of Quantitative Computed Tomography and Blood Biochemistry for Evaluating the Relationship Between Nutrition and Bone Mineral Density in Patients on Maintenance Hemodialysis

PurposeTo investigate the effect of nutritional factors on bone mineral density (BMD) using quantitative computed tomography combined with blood biochemistry in patients on maintenance hemodialysis (MHD).MethodsSixty patients on MHD were divided into osteopenia (n = 20) and nonosteopenia (n = 40) groups. BMD, fat, and muscle mass were measured by quantitative computed tomography. The calcification of coronary artery and hilar lymph node and computed tomography attenuation values of the liver and spleen were also analyzed. Differences between the two groups were compared, and the risk factors for osteopenia were analyzed by logistic regression analysis.ResultsPatients in the osteopenia group had lower albumin levels than those in the nonosteopenia group (37.84 ± 3.00 vs 42.03 ± 4.05 g/L; P < .001). Logistic regression showed that patients with lower albumin levels had a higher risk of osteopenia (odds ratio, 1.462; 95% confidence interval, 1.313–1.801; P = .003). BMD was negatively correlated with fat mass (r = ?0.365, P = .004) and positively correlated with the ratio of muscle mass to fat mass (r = 0.431, P = .001). There was no significant difference in the rate of calcification of coronary artery or hilar lymph nodes between the two groups. Computed tomography values of the liver and spleen were positively correlated with the duration of dialysis (r = 0.55, P = .001; r = 0.42, P < .001, respectively).ConclusionLow albumin levels are associated with an increased risk of osteopenia in patients on MHD. Abdominal fat is a risk factor for reduction in BMD in MHD patients, and the ratio of abdominal muscle mass to fat mass is a protective factor for BMD.     

129例生殖道人乳头瘤病毒感染的分型

目的 了解女性生殖道人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）感染的型别组成。方法 用荧光定量聚合酶链反应（PCR）对129例已确诊为HPV感染的门诊标本进行HPV6、11型和HPV16、18型的分型检测。结果 在129例标本中检出阳性126例,阳性检出率为97.7%。其中单独HPV6、11型阳性69例,占53.5%;单独HPV16、18型阳性14例,占10.9%;HPV6、11和HPV16、18型同时阳性43例,占33.3%;HPV6、11和HPV16、18型同时阴性3例。结论 在女性生殖道HPV感染中HPV6、11、16、18占绝对优势。     

骨显像定量分析对骨组织单发性病灶良恶性鉴别诊断

目的 :探讨延迟局部骨显像定量分析 ,即TF比值的测定对骨单发性病灶良恶性鉴别诊断的临床意义。方法 :共 45例病人 ,分为 3组 ,即多发性骨转移癌组 (A组 ,12例 )、单发性病灶恶变组 (B组 ,15例 )和单发性病灶良性组 (C组 ,18例 )。在常规的全身骨显像基础上进行早期 (3～ 4h)和延迟 (2 4h)的局部静态骨显像 ,然后求出病灶区 (L)和正常区 (N)的放射性计数。结果 :①A组、B组和C组的TF比值分别为 :1 488± 0 .338、1 384± 0 .2 2 3和1.174± 0 .2 11;A组与B组的TF比值差异不显著 (P >0 .0 5 ) ,C组的TF比值比A组及B组皆要低 ,且差异显著(P <0 .0 1)。②若以A组TF比值的 x -s即 1.15作为骨单发病灶恶变的诊断阈值 ,则其灵敏度、特异性和准确率分别是 93.3%、72 .2 %和 81.8%。结论 :延迟局部骨显像定量分析 (TF比值的测定 )对骨单发性病灶良恶性的鉴别诊断有较大的临床应用价值。     

荧光定量PCR技术在检测HCV—RNA中的应用

目的 评价荧光定量ＰＣＲ技术测定ＨＣＶ－ＲＮＡ水平的价值,探讨ＰＢＭＣ中检出ＨＣＶ－ＲＮＡ的意义。方法 采用荧光定量ＫＲ及ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ技术同时检测８７例血液透析患者的血清和淋巴细胞中ＨＣＶ－ＲＮＡ。结果血清、淋巴细胞中ＨＣＶ－ＲＮＡ的荧光定量ＰＣＲ检出率（４９．４％、６９．０％）,分别高于相应标本中ＨＣＶ－ＲＮＡ的ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ阳性率（３３．３％、３５．６％）（Ｐ ＜０．０５）。血清、淋巴细胞中同时检出ＨＣＶ－ＲＮＡ的一致率,荧光定量ＰＣＲ法（３１．０％）显著高于ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ定性法（６．９％）（Ｐ＜０．００１）． 荧光定量ＰＣＲ法,淋巴细胞中ＨＣＶ－ＲＮＡ检出率高于血清（Ｐ＜０．０１）。结论 与 ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ相比,荧光定量ＰＣＲ技术检测 ＨＣＶ－ＲＮＡ敏感性较高,对ＰＢＭＣ内ＨＣＶ－ＲＮＡ检测有利于提高ＨＣＶ检测的阳性率。     

MNNG诱发大鼠腺胃粘膜不典型增生与 高分化腺癌形态定量分析

目的探寻大鼠腺胃粘膜不典型增生与高分化腺癌的形态定量参数指标,探讨大鼠实验性胃癌与人类胃癌形态定量指标的异同性。方法利用HPIAS-1000型图象分析系统对以MNNG诱发的大鼠腺胃粘膜不典型增生及高分化腺癌进行形态定量研究。结果大鼠腺胃粘膜不典型增生与高分化腺癌8项形态定量参数指标经统计学处理比较,其中核面积、核周长、核等效直径、核体积、核长径,核形状因子8项形态定量指标（P<0.01）有高度显著性差异,而核短径和核长短径比值（P>0.05）无显著性差异。结论这些形态定量参数指标对区别大鼠腺胃粘膜不典型增生与高分化腺癌有一定价值,形态定量参数指标也是随着癌前病变、癌的顺序逐渐递增;大鼠腺胃粘膜上皮癌变与人类胃粘膜上皮癌变有着相似的形态学变化过程。     

UPLC指纹图谱多模式识别结合多指标成分测定的清热消炎宁胶囊质量控制研究

目的 建立清热消炎宁胶囊（Qingre Xiaoyanning Capsules,QXC）UPLC指纹图谱及多指标成分定量分析方法,结合化学模式识别技术对多批次制剂进行质量评价。方法 通过优化样品前处理及色谱检测方法,建立合适UPLC指纹图谱和含量测定条件。色谱柱为UPLC HSS T3柱（50 mm×2.1 mm,1.8μm）;乙腈-0.1%甲酸水溶液为流动相梯度洗脱;检测波长280 nm;柱温40℃;体积流量0.5 mL/min。采用层次聚类分析（hierarchical cluster analysis,HCA）、主成分分析（principal component analysis,PCA）、正交偏最小二乘-判别分析（orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis,OPLS-DA）和聚类热图分析对20批清热消炎宁胶囊进行质量评价。结果 清热消炎宁胶囊UPLC指纹图谱及含量测定方法学考察结果均符合测定要求,获得21个共有峰,运用对照品比对方式指认了7个色谱峰;20批样品的相似度均大于0.954,样品间一致性及稳定性良好;...     

基于一测多评多组分定量质控联合主成分分析、正交偏最小二乘法-判别分析及熵权逼近理想解排序法的盐沙苑子饮片综合质量评价

目的 建立一测多评（quantitative analysis of multicomponents by single-marker,QAMS）法同时检测盐沙苑子饮片中杨梅素、扁蓄苷、杨梅素-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷、毛蕊异黄酮葡萄糖苷、西伯利亚落叶松黄酮、沙苑子苷B、沙苑子苷A、毛蕊异黄酮、芒柄花素、鼠李柠檬素、豆甾醇、胡萝卜苷、β-谷甾醇含量的方法,并采用主成分分析法（principal component analysis,PCA）、正交偏最小二乘法-判别分析（orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis,OPLS-DA）法及熵权逼近理想解排序（entropy weight-technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution,EW-TOPSIS）法对其质量进行评价。方法 采用Lichrospher C18色谱柱;乙腈-0.2%磷酸水溶液为流动相梯度洗脱。以沙苑子苷A为内参物,建立内参物与其他12个待测成分的相对校正因子（relative co...     

Production and characterization of monoclonal antibodies to guinea pig lymphoid differentiation antigens

We have prepared 2 mouse monoclonal antibodies which react with differentiation antigens on guinea pig lymphoid cells. Monoclone 5AB2 recognizes an antigen expressed on both T and B lymphocytes and absent on macrophages. It has proven useful in the preparation of populations of antigen presenting cells which are free of T and B lymphocytes. The second monoclonal, 8BE6, is specific for peripheral T cells and 10% of thymocytes. It reacts with a 68,000 dalton molecule which is also expressed on the guinea pig B cell leukemia, EN-L2C. 8BE6 has proven to be lytic for peripheral T cells in the presence of rabbit complement and has been used to deplete T cells from heterogenous cell populations.     

伯氏疏螺旋体与嗜吞噬细胞无浆体混合感染的实验研究

目的应用动物模型探讨蜱传病原体伯氏疏螺旋体和嗜吞噬细胞无浆体混合感染对组织螺旋体载量、莱姆关节炎严重性、宿主免疫功能的影响。方法建立伯氏疏螺旋体和嗜吞噬细胞无浆体混合感染和伯氏疏螺旋体单一感染小鼠模型，在不同时间点研究各组小鼠组织中的螺旋体载量、关节炎严重性和血清IgG效价，并对数据进行统计学分析。结果与单一感染组相比，在螺旋体感染后18d和30d，混合感染组小鼠组织螺旋体载量显著增高，关节炎明显严重，血清IgC效价显著偏低。结论伯氏疏螺旋体和嗜吞噬细胞无浆体混合感染显著增加小鼠组织螺旋体载量、加重关节炎症状和病理改变，且抑制体液免疫功能。     

Quantitative trait locus mapping: fishing strategy or replicable results?

Genomewide scan, as shown by recently published linkage studies on the behavior of mice or in psychiatry, provides evidence for replicated quantitative trait loci (QTL). Several studies of Alzheimer's disease have demonstrated the promise of moving from clinical diagnoses to biological signs for psychiatric investigations. Empirical studies also demonstrate that genetic background, differences in environment, epistatic effects, and definition of the phenotype (including psychiatric diagnosis) all actively contribute to limit the duplication of QTL.