牙髓电活力试验准确性的分析

用国产KDY-1型口腔多用电测仪的牙髓电活力试验,其准确率为99.4％,并结合临床实际,对牙髓电活力试验的结果又影响准确性的因素进行了讨论。     

清胃散加减治疗儿童急性牙髓炎胃火炽盛证的近期和远期疗效观察

目的:观察清胃散加减治疗儿童急性牙髓炎(AP)胃火炽盛证的疗效及对炎症因子的影响。方法:将106例患儿按随机数字表法分为对照组52例和观察组54例。对照组采用一次性根管治疗术,术后给予阿奇霉素干混悬剂,10 mg·kg~(-1),顿服,连续使用3 d。观察组在对照组治疗的的基础上加服清胃散加减治疗,1剂/d,连续观察7 d。于治疗前及治疗后1,3,5,7 d评价疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS);于治疗前及治疗后3,7 d评价改良面部表情评分(FPS-R);治疗后评价疼痛程度分级情况;记录疼痛减轻时间和咀嚼功能恢复正常时间;进行治疗前后中医证候评分;检测治疗前后C-反应蛋白(CRP),肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α),白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β),IL-6,降钙素基因相关肽(CGRP)和P物质(SP)水平;随访6个月记录成功或失败情况。结果:观察组患儿治疗后3,5,7 d的VAS评分均低于对照组(P 0. 01);观察组患儿治疗后3,7 d的FPS-R评分均低于对照组(P 0. 01);观察组患儿治疗后7 d疼痛程度轻于对照组(P 0. 05);观察组患儿疼痛减轻时间和咀嚼功能恢复正常时间均短于对照组(P 0. 01);观察组患儿中医证候评分均低于对照组(P 0. 01);观察组患儿血清CRP,TNF-α,IL-1β,IL-6,CGRP和SP水平均低于对照组(P 0. 01);经6个月的随访,观察组成功率为81. 48%,对照组为78. 85%,组间比较差异无统计学意义。结论:对于AP一次性根管治疗术后患儿采用清胃散加减内服治疗,近期能抑制炎症因子和疼痛递质的表达,可显著改善疼痛等症状,缩短病程,有着较好的近期疗效,随访成功率较好,但有待进一步的提高。     

清热止痛方治疗急性牙髓炎的疗效及其对根尖组织的影响

目的 分析清热止痛方治疗急性牙髓炎的疗效及其对根尖组织的影响.方法 选择2014年11月至2015年8月间在本院进行急性牙髓炎治疗的患者共70例,按随机数字表法分为两组,对照组和观察组各35例.对照组采用根管治疗术法,观察组在此基础上加用清热止痛方治疗.比较两组患者治疗效果、疼痛程度,相关指标(白细胞、肌酐、谷丙转氨酶)及牙根扛折性.结果 观察组总有效率及疼痛程度显著优于对照组(P<0.05);治疗前后两组的肌酐、谷丙转氨酶水平无明显变化(P>0.05);而白细胞治疗前后及组间对比,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后观察组牙根抗折性能明显提高,与对照组有显著差异(P<0.05).结论 清热止痛方治疗急性牙髓炎安全有效,副作用小,能有效缓解患者剧烈疼痛,提高患者机体免疫功能.     

热牙胶充填与侧压充填治疗对急性牙髓炎和根尖周炎患者SBI、PD及GI值的影响

目的 分析热牙胶充填与侧压充填治疗对急性牙髓炎和根尖周炎患者龈沟出血指数(SBI)、牙周袋深度(PD)、牙龈指数(GI)值的影响.方法 选取在本院进行治疗的急性牙髓炎和根尖周炎患者84例,按随机数表法分为两组,每组42例.对照组实施侧压充填治疗,观察组采用热牙胶充填治疗.比较两组患者SBI、PD及GI值、疗效、根管充填时间及牙周疼痛情况.结果 治疗后,观察组SBI、PD、GI值分别为(1.6±0.5)mm、(4.0±0.4) mm、(1.4±0.3) mm,明显低于对照组的(2.4±0.5)mm、(5.8±1.0)mm、(2.1±0.4)mm,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);观察组根管充填时间为(17.5±4.1)min,明显短于对照组的(26.8±5.4) min,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);观察组治疗总有效率明显高于对照组(95.2％比78.6％),牙周疼痛情况明显改善(2t4％比19.0％),差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 热牙胶充填治疗急性牙髓炎和根尖周炎效果明显优于侧压充填治疗,可缩短患者根管充填时间,降低龈沟出血等指数,缓解牙周疼痛.     

Effect of Diclofenac Potassium Premedication on Postendodontic Pain in Mandibular Molars with Symptomatic Irreversible Pulpitis: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Double-Blind Trial

IntroductionThe aim of this prospective, randomized, double-blind clinical trial was to evaluate the effect of a preoperative, single, oral dose of diclofenac potassium (DFK) on postoperative pain and rescue analgesic intake in patients with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis in mandibular molars treated in 1 visit.MethodsSeventy emergency patients with moderate to severe preoperative pain randomly received either 50 mg DFK or placebo tablets 1 hour before starting endodontic treatment (n = 35 per group). Patients recorded their pain level 6, 12, 24, and 48 hours after treatment on a 170-mm Heft-Parker visual analog scale. The incidence of rescue analgesic intake was also recorded. Outcome data were statistically analyzed using Mann-Whitney U, Friedman, Wilcoxon signed rank, and chi-square tests. Binary logistic regression assessed the association of predisposing factors with postoperative pain. The significance level (α) was set at 0.05.ResultsOf the 70 patients, 68 were analyzed (n = 34 per group). Both groups had similar baseline characteristics (P > .05). DFK showed significantly less pain incidence and intensity than the placebo at 48 hours only (P < .05). A significant decrease occurred from 24 to 48 hours with DFK (P < .05), which was not recorded with the placebo (P > .05). No difference in the incidence of rescue analgesic intake was reported between groups (P > .05). Food intake timing, sex, and rescue analgesic intake were associated with postoperative pain (P < .05).ConclusionsPremedication by a single, oral dose of 50 mg DFK could be effective in reducing postendodontic pain at 48 hours after 1-visit endodontic treatment in mandibular molars with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis.     

大鼠正常牙髓和炎症牙髓中Bcl-2，Bax的表达及其意义

目的：建立大鼠实验性牙髓炎模型；原位观察大鼠正常牙髓和炎症牙髓中Ｂｃｌ－２和Ｂａｘ的表达情况，探讨两者在牙髓炎病理变化中的作用。方法：利用ＳＤ大鼠的下颌第一磨牙采用内毒素化学诱导法建立牙髓炎模型，用免疫组织化学染色的方法研究Ｂｃｌ－２和Ｂａｘ的表达及其意义。结果：正常牙髓中Ｂｃｌ－２在成牙本质细胞层表达阳性，牙髓中央区域弱阳性，Ｂａｘ在成牙本质细胞层表达强阳性，牙髓中央区域阳性。在牙髓中央的表达弱于牙髓外周，Ｂｃｌ－２的表达在相应部位弱于Ｂａｘ。在炎症牙髓中炎细胞浸润区Ｂｃｌ－２表达强阳性，纤维包饶区和充血反应区表达分别为阳性和弱阳性，Ｂａｘ在炎症牙髓中着色较均匀。结论：成牙本质细胞凋亡与Ｂｃｌ－２和Ｂａｘ的表达量有关，正常牙髓中存在细胞凋亡，这与该部位Ｂａｘ表达量较高有关；Ｂｃｌ－２和Ｂａｘ是牙髓炎时炎细胞凋亡的重要调控因素之一。     

Residual Bacteriome after Chemomechanical Preparation of Root Canals in Primary and Secondary Infections

IntroductionSecondary infections may be linked to the presence of residual microorganisms within dental root canals. The purpose of this study was to investigate the bacterial composition of primary and secondary root canal infections before and after chemomechanical treatment.MethodsSamples were collected before chemomechanical preparation (S1) and before obturation (S2) from 19 subjects (10 primary and 9 secondary infections). DNA was extracted, and the V3/V4 region of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene was amplified using the 347 F/803R primers and paired-end sequenced using the MiSeq (Illumina, San Diego, CA) instrument.ResultsSequencing analysis yielded partial 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequences that were taxonomically classified into 10 phyla and 143 genera. The most prevalent phyla in the S1 and S2 samples were Firmicutes and Bacteroides; however, when comparing between sample groups, Proteobacteria seem to have been enriched in secondary infections. The dominant genera in the primary S1 samples were Bacillus, Streptococcus, and Prevotella, whereas Bacillus, Streptococcus, and Selenomonas dominated the secondary infection S1 samples. Bacillus and Marinilactibacillus were the most dominant genera in the primary and secondary S2 samples. The mean number of operational taxonomic units per sample was 32,656 (±12,124 SD) and 37,113 (±16,994 SD) in the S1 and S2 samples, respectively. Alpha and beta diversities presented the same pattern within samples from both groups.ConclusionsGreat interindividual variations in the bacterial composition of the root canal biofilms were observed. There was no difference in the bacterial composition before and after treatment, although some genera survived and seem to be part of a residual microbiome. Our findings revealed a high diversity of the bacterial communities present in root canal infections after chemomechanical treatment, although the majority of the taxa detected were in low abundance.