SARS疫情期间公众心态影响及变化趋势分析

目的：探索重大突发性公共卫生事件对社会公众心理行为的影响，以及在不同阶段中公众心态变化的特点。方法：对SAILS流行期间374人次的心理咨询记录进行分析，依据疫情发展情况，比较各阶段的差异。结果：在咨询者中，女性(59．4％)多于男性(40．6％)；根据疫情变化将咨询记录数据划分为三个阶段，分析发现随着疫情缓和，针对SARS症状的咨询者显著减少，从13．1％降低到1．8％；有关社会生活的咨询者显著增多，从8．7％上升到12．3％；在有关情绪问题的咨询者中，伴有相关症状者显著减少，从23．0％降低到4．5％；不伴相关症状者显著增多，从77．0％上升到95．5％。结论：整个SAILS疫情期问，情绪问题始终占第一位；随SARS疫情缓和，社会公众对于疾病本身的关注减少，而与疫情有关的社会生活问题增多；面对突发性公共卫生事件，及时开通心理咨询热线电话是十分必要的。     

Psychopathology and Public Policy

An effective definition of psychopathology would be helpful in distinguishing between normal and abnormal behavior and would provide guidance for important public policy decisions. Overinclusive definitions, such as the capacity/disability formulation, do not provide meaningful direction for defining need or assessing eligibility for insurance or other entitlements. Coping failures due to lack of skill, inadequate preparation, or other factors should be distinguished from those due to dysfunction or disturbance of psychological mechanisms. The capacity/disability formulation encourages confusion between different performance decrements and gives no guidance for appropriate boundaries for psychotherapy.     

Avoiding problems in clinical practice after the pill scare

The publications of 1995 and 1996 on the risk of venous thrombosis associated with the use of the combined oral contraceptive pill (COC) suggested that the risks were lower than previous estimates. The debate, which ensued, ensured that the safety of the COC with regard to arterial and venous disease was reassessed. This review details the importance of contraception for public health. It reassesses critically current prescribing practice in the light of the new publications on Factor V Leiden, arterial and venous disease. Methods of communicating information about the COC are assessed, and the difficulties of transmitting complex scientific data to health care professionals and the general public are debated. The importance of attempting to quantify the benefits and risks of the COC and explaining them in the context of other life events is emphasized.     

重庆市2004—2007年突发公共卫生事件分析

目的对重庆市2004—2007年报告的突发公共卫生事件进行分析，以加强对突发公共卫生事件的预防和应急处理。方法应用描述流行病学方法，分析事件特征。结果全市4年报告突发公共卫生事件478起，发病19884例，死亡56例；渝东南地区多发，时间分布基本呈双高峰：传染病事件占80．98％．学校事件占78．87％；事件平均报告时间3．44d，平均处理时间46．72d。结论突发公共卫生事件的发生与地区经济文化水平密切相关；应提高对乙、丙类传染病和非法定传染病事件的重视程度；学校卫生工作有待进一步加强：突发公共卫生事件报告管理体系有待进一步理顺。     

For-profit hospitals for Europe: the case of Britain and France

The paper first describes the structural characteristics of the for-profit private sector in Britain and in France. In Britain, the recent growth of the for-profit private hospital's sector, although still a small sector, is related to the growth of private insurance. Cost-containment however coupled to rapid increases in premiums is slowing down the momentum. Moreover, the NHS starts charging private hospitals for such services like blood banks. In France the private sector has always been strong, although living in a highly regulated and dependent symbiosis with the public sector. In a second part, speculations are made on the crucial question whether for-profit hospitals are a legitimate alternative for Europe. In the end, an in-between solution is opted for by which the public sector would sub-contract certain functions like data processing, management and others, from the commercial sector.     

2015—2020年南通市中小学生食源性疾病特征分析

目的 分析南通市中小学生食源性疾病流行病学特征,为有效防控中小学生食源性疾病提供科学依据。方法 收集2015—2020年南通市哨点医院就诊的中小学生食源性疾病病例信息,并采集病例粪便标本进行病原体检测,运用χ²检验比较不同学段中小学生食源性疾病病例的分布。结果 共监测中小学生食源性疾病病例1 432例。不同可疑暴露食品的分类和进食场所的病例数有统计学差异（χ²= 73.421;χ² = 66.857,P均＜0.001）,可疑暴露食品主要为肉与肉制品（28.21%）和水产动物及其制品（17.86%）,可疑进食场所主要为家庭（57.60%）和学校食堂（12.69%）。疑似食源性疾病暴发事件主要发生在学校食堂。共采集标本214份,检出病原体22份,总体检出率为10.28%,阳性病原体以诺如病毒（3.74%）和副溶血性弧菌（3.27%）为主。结论 需面向家庭、学校和学生开展有针对性的食品安全知识宣传,加强中小学生食源性疾病的重点食品和场所的食品安全监测和监管,最大限度地减少中小学生食源性疾病的发生。     

基于内部控制视角的医院合同全生命周期管理

本文归纳了医院合同管理面临的主要问题,梳理了国家政策对医院合同管理的要求。基于内部控制视角,介绍了某医院加强合同全生命周期管理的实践:改变以往纸质管理模式,研发合同管理系统,推进智慧财务建设;贯穿事前、事中、事后阶段,建立合同闭环管理体系;对接相关系统,促进合同与全面预算、收支、采购管理有机结合;按照不同经济业务对运营风险防控的要求,实施合同分类管理。     

新政府会计制度下公立医院会计核算的难点及对策

2019年1月1日公立医院正式开始实施新政府会计制度,通过研究公立医院在新制度下会计核算的衔接问题以及适应问题,找出公立医院会计核算将面临的难点,如固定资产及其累计折旧核算方式、应付职工薪酬、科教项目核算等,并给出相应的解决对策,如利用信息化手段对应付职工薪酬进行资金分配、利用成本配比处理医院科教项目核算难点等,帮助公立医院能够在改革中进步,提升公立医院会计核算管理水平。     

我国农村居民健康感知影响因素分析*

摘 要：2019年8月,重庆市荣昌区作为全国567个紧密型县域医共体建设试点县之一,以“人通、医通、财通”为抓 手,加快整合医疗卫生资源,促进医疗卫生工作重心下移和资源下沉,积极推动分级诊疗制度建设,为辖区内居民提供全方 位的健康服务。     

Associations of park features with park use and park-based physical activity in an urban environment in Asia: A cross-sectional study

Park use is associated with health, yet our understanding of park features related to their use is limited. Singapore's parks were audited for 30 micro-features, then geospatial analysis characterized micro-features scores for parks nearest to participants' homes. Adults (3,435) reported their park use and park-based physical activity. Using linear regression models, we found living near a park with higher micro-features scores was associated with more time in parks and park-based physical activity. Specific micro-features were associated with more park time (wildlife areas, water features, forested areas, unpaved trails (2–2.6 h/month, p < 0.05)) and with physical activity in parks (water features, forested areas, large playground, open green spaces (1.8–2.2 h/month, p < 0.05)). These findings could inform parks planning to support population-health.