A longitudinal study of pulmonary function in fire fighters

Pulmonary function changes among fire fighters were evaluated by re-examining 632 Baltimore city fire fighters six to ten years after a baseline examination. Spirometry was used to determine forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1). Information about exposures was obtained by questionnaire and by combining data from fire department records regarding the number of fires fought by fire fighting units with individual work histories. Men who never wore a mask while extinguishing fires experienced a 1.7 times greater rate of FEV1 decline than mask wearers. Men with ammonia exposure experienced a rate of decline 1.7 times greater than non-exposed men. Neither length of time spent in exposed jobs nor number of responses were associated with the rate of decline. Active fire fighters experienced a rate of decline 2.5 times greater than those who had retired or resigned. Some effects differed between men who were able to perform repeatable pulmonary function tests and those who were not.     

Induction of antibody and protective responses in mice by Brucella O-polysaccharide-BSA conjugate.

A Brucella conjugate vaccine was synthesized by covalently coupling the O-polysaccharide (PS) obtained from Brucella melitensis 16M, to bovine serum albumin (BSA). The conjugate (PS-BSA) was non-toxic for mice. When injected at two doses (10 or 1 μg) in mice, it induced the production of antibodies and the boost was shown to be efficient if administered after 10 weeks. Immunization of mice with 10 μg of conjugate conferred significant protection against virulent challenge with B. melitensis H38, similar to that obtained with the reference vaccine H38.     

In vivo protection against scorpion toxins by liposomal immunization

The possibility of raising a humoral immune response able to induce protection from the lethal effects of scorpion toxins was evaluated in the mouse model. A toxic fraction from the venom of the scorpion Tityus serrulatus was entrapped in sphingomyelin-cholesterol liposomes which yielded a conveniently detoxified immunogen. After three injections of this immunogen, all but three of a group of 18 mice developed an IgG response which was shown to be both specific and of good affinity for the toxic antigen. In vitro neutralization assays indicated that pre-incubation of a lethal dose of the toxic fraction with immune sera strongly diminished its toxicity. In vivo protection assays showed that mice with the highest levels of circulating anti-toxin antibodies could resist the challenge by double the normal LD₅₀ of the toxic fraction, which killed all control non-immune mice. The protection was, however, found to be limited both in its duration and its effectiveness against higher amounts of toxin.     

金属硫蛋白对大鼠心肌缺血后再灌注损伤的影响——电镜形态计量学研究

用离体大鼠心脏缺血后再灌注模型,根据心肌亚微结构改变及线粒体比表面测定,揭示金属硫蛋白对缺血后再灌注损伤有明显保护作用,提示金属硫蛋白是一种细胞保护剂,可望用于临床,控制缺血后再灌注损伤。     

关于中专护生职业防护认知调查分析与对策

对200名中专护生在临床实习前进行职业防护认知的调查，结果护生的职业防护知识严重缺乏，防护意识淡薄，分析存在问题并采取相应对策。     

心得安对心肌保护作用的研究

用体外循环狗心脏模型对心得安在常温下对缺血心肌的保护作用进行评价,并与钾停搏液进行比较。实验结果,心得安组心脏缺氧停跳时间明显缩短(P<0.025),组织化学和电镜糖元颗粒半定量结果均显示糖元保存良好(P<0.01)。再灌注期末钾停搏液组心肌水份含量明显高于心得安组(P<0.01)。光镜综合分析及心肌超微结构电镜定量分析均显示心得安组明显优于对照组。提示心得安对钾停搏液的心肌保护作用有明显改善。     

Female fertility after cytotoxic therapy – protection of ovarian function during chemotherapy of malignant and non-malignant diseases

Abstract:  Due to the dramatic improvements in cure and survival of young patients of reproductive age suffering from malignant or systemic disease, the preservation of fertility and ovarian function during cytostatic treatment has become of increased importance during the last decade. Pharmacological therapy with GnRH analogues and the cryopreservation of ovarian tissue are discussed in this context. The value of these treatment procedures and their potential clinical applications are critically reviewed in this article.     

体外循环中微温血、冷血心肌保护液对心肌保护作用的比较

目的观察微温血与冷血心肌保护液对瓣膜置换术患者的心肌保护作用。方法30例行二尖瓣或主动脉瓣置换术者随机分为两组,分别经主动脉根部每20～30min间断顺行灌注微温血或冷血心肌保护液。主动脉阻断前、体外循环结束后6h、16h分别测血气分析、磷酸肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)、心肌钙蛋白-I(cTn-I)。结果主动脉阻断前血气、CK-MB、cTn-I两组无显著差异,体外循环结束后6h、16h微温血组较冷血组各项指标低有显著差异。结论微温血较冷血心肌保护液对二尖瓣置换术者缺血再灌注心肌功能有显著保护作用。     

冷停搏液冠状静脉灌注保护缺血心肌的实验研究

采用左前降支（ＬＡＤ）梗阻心肌缺血模型，２４只杂种犬依冷停搏液灌注方法分为４组，即主动脉灌注（ＡＰ）、右房灌注（ＲＡＰ）、冠状静脉窦灌注（ＣＳＰ）、主动脉灌注加冠状静脉窦堵塞（ＡＰＣＳＯ），每组６只。结果表明，冠状静脉灌注（ＲＡＰ、ＣＳＰ、ＡＰＣＳＯ）均明显增加有ＬＡＤ梗阻时缺血心肌保护。缺血时梗阻ＬＡＤ区心温维持较低；缺血后心电图恢复正常，心肌组织有氧代谢标志酶—琥珀酸脱氢酶（ＳＤＨ）保持较高活性（＋＋＋～＋＋＋＋），心脏指数（ＣＩ）和左室搏出功指数（ＬＶＳＷＩ）恢复较佳。相反，ＡＰ对梗阻ＬＡＤ区心肌不能提供足够的心肌保护。缺血时对ＬＡＤ区降温差；缺血后心电图Ｓ－Ｔ段明显抬高，ＳＤＨ活性减弱（＋），无氧糖酵解标志酶—乳酸脱氢酶活性增高（＋＋＋），ＣＩ和ＬＶＳＷＩ恢复较差。     

肽6A对大鼠异丙肾上腺素心肌损伤的治疗作用

给大鼠异丙肾上腺素(30 mg·kg~(-1).d~(-1)·sc)造成心肌损伤的模型上.用合成的纤维蛋白原降解肽片断——肽6A(50μmol·kg~(-1)·d~(-1))治疗.可明显减轻由异丙肾上腺素引起的心肌损伤.抑制心肌肌酸磷酸激酶、α-羟丁酸脱氢酶、乳酸脱氢酶和谷草转氨酶的漏出.降低血浆纤维蛋白原的含量.阻止异丙肾上腺素引起的心肌组织钙聚积.表现了明显的心肌保护作用。提示肽6A可能对于缺血性心脏疾病的治疗具有潜在临床应用价值。