A comparative randomized trial to assess the impact of oral contraceptive pretreatment on follicular growth and hormone profiles in GnRH antagonist-treated patients

BACKGROUND: This randomized controlled trial was designed to assess the impact of oral contraceptive (OC) scheduling with a GnRH antagonist (ganirelix) regimen on the ovarian response of women undergoing recombinant FSH (rFSH) stimulation for IVF, compared with a non-scheduled ganirelix regimen and a long GnRH agonist (nafarelin) protocol. METHODS: A total of 110 women was treated with an OC and ganirelix, 111 with ganirelix alone and 111 with nafarelin. The OC (containing 30 microg ethinylestradiol/150 microg desogestrel) was taken for 14-28 days and stopped 2 days prior to the start of rFSH treatment. Primary efficiency parameters were the number of cumulus-oocyte complexes (per attempt) and the number of grade 1 or 2 embryos (per attempt). RESULTS: In terms of follicular growth and hormone profiles, the OC-scheduled antagonist regimen mimicked the agonist regimen rather than the (non-scheduled) GnRH antagonist regimen. In the OC-scheduled GnRH antagonist group and the nafarelin group (versus the non-scheduled antagonist group), pituitary suppression was more profound at the start of stimulation (P < or = 0.001), there was a slower start of follicular growth (P < or = 0.001), longer stimulation was required (11.7 and 10.3 days respectively versus 9.4; P < or = 0.001), and more rFSH was used (2667 and 2222 IU versus 1966 IU; P < or = 0.001). In the three groups, the number of oocytes was similar (13.1, 12.9 and 11.5 respectively; not significant) as well as the number of good quality embryos (5.1, 5.7 and 5.0 respectively; not significant). CONCLUSION: OC treatment prior to the rFSH/ganirelix regimen can be successfully applied to schedule patients, although more days of stimulation and more rFSH are required than with a non-scheduled GnRH antagonist regimen.     

关于吗啡耐受的针灸干预治疗研究概况

目的：为针灸干预吗啡耐受进一步研究提供理论支持。方法：通过查阅近年国内外关于吗啡耐受治疗的相关文献。结果：针灸干预吗啡耐受有一定疗效,并可能与生物节律调整有关。结论：针灸干预吗啡耐受可作进一步深入研究。     

麻黄碱预处理在老年心功能不全患者全身麻醉中的应用

目的观察麻黄碱预处理在全身麻醉中对老年心功能不全患者的血流动力学的影响。方法选择100例ASAⅡ级、老年Ⅱ级心功能不全非心脏手术患者,随机分成两组,每组50例,观察组予麻黄碱75μg/kg静注2min后,再注射咪达唑仑0.08mg/kg、丙泊酚1mg/kg、芬太尼4μg/kg、维库溴铵0.15ml/kg,3分钟后行气管插管;对照组与上述给药方法和事件相似,仅麻黄碱改为相同容量的0.9%生理盐水。比较两组麻醉诱导期血流动力学变化。记录入室安静≥10min时和气管插管成功后2min彩超监测EF值;记录诱导前(T0基础值)、插管即刻(T1)、插管成功后2min(T2)、4min(T3)、6min(T4)、8min(T5)、10min(T6)七个时间点MAP、HR、SpO2、BIS的数值。结果与同组T0时比较,对照组MAP、HR在T1、T2、T3、T4、T5、T6时间点明显下降(P<0.01),而观察组无明显差异。两组间MAP、HR在T1、T2、T3、T4、T5、T6同时间点比较,对照组明显下降(P<0.01)。两组诱导后较入室时SpO2明显升高(P<0.01),BIS明显降低(P<0.01),但组间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。入室安静后10min时与气管插管成功后2min比较,对照组EF明显下降(P<0.01)。结论老年Ⅱ级心功能不全患者在麻醉诱导期静脉注射麻黄碱75μg/kg 2min后,再注射麻醉诱导药,可有效地预防低血压、心率减慢的发生,增加围手术期安全性。     

Heat shock pretreatment improves stem cell repair following ischemia-reperfusion injury via autophagy

AIM: To investigate whether heat shock pretreatment (HSP) improves mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) repair via autophagy following hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury (HIRI).METHODS: Apoptosis of MSCs was induced by 250 mM hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) for 6 h. HSP was carried out using a 42 °C water bath for 1, 2 or 3 h. Apoptosis of MSCs was analyzed by flow cytometry, and Western blot was used to detect Bcl-2, Bax and cytochrome C expression. Autophagy of MSCs was analyzed by flow cytometry and transmission electron microscopy, and the expression of beclin I and LC3-II was detected by Western blot. MSCs were labeled in vivo with the fluorescent dye, CM-Dil, and subsequently transplanted into the portal veins of rats that had undergone HIRI. Liver levels of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) were quantified by fluorescent microscopy. Serum aminotransferase activity and the extent of HIRI were also assessed at each time point.RESULTS: HSP for 2 h reduced apoptosis of MSCs induced by H₂O₂ as seen by a decrease in apoptotic rate, a decrease in Bax and cytochrome C expression and an increase in Bcl-2 expression (P < 0.001). In addition, HSP for 2 h induced autophagy of MSCs exposed to H₂O₂ as shown by an increase in acidic vesicular organelle-positive cells, beclin 1 and LC3-II expression, and autophagosome formation (P < 0.05). Treatment with 3-methyladenine attenuated HSP-induced autophagy and abolished the protective effects of HSP on the apoptosis of MSCs. Rapamycin failed to have additional effects on either autophagy or apoptosis compared with HSP alone. The phosphorylation of p38MAPK was significantly elevated and the phosphorylation of mTOR was downregulated in heat shock pretreated MSCs. Treatment with the p38MAPK inhibitor, SB203580, reduced HSP-induced autophagy in MSCs. In vivo studies showed that the transplantation of HSP-MSCs resulted in lower serum aminotransferase levels, lower Suzuki scores, improved histopathology and an increase in PCNA-positive cells (P < 0.05).CONCLUSION: HSP effectively induces autophagy following exposure to H₂O₂ via the p38MAPK/mTOR pathway, which leads to enhanced MSC survival and improved MSC repair following HIRI in rats.     

Er:YAG激光桩道预处理的研究进展

本文回顾了Er:YAG激光活化根管冲洗技术的最新研究进展,包括光子诱导光声流(photon initiated photoacoustic streaming,PIPS)技术和冲击波增强发射光声流(shock wave enhanced emission photoacoustic streaming,SWEEPS)技术,探讨Er:YAG激光预处理桩道的原理、优点以及对纤维桩粘接强度的影响,以期为临床选择适宜的桩道处理方法提供新思路。     

不同表面预处理条件对金瓷结合强度的影响

目的：研究非贵金属合金在上瓷前的不同表面预处理条件对金瓷结合强度的影响。方法７２个棒盘试件随机分为９组,分别经不同的条件预处理后,通过剪切拉伸实验测量其金瓷结合强度。结果除气和预氧化并无提高ＣＷ－ＰＡ型Ｎｉ－Ｃｒ－Ｎｂ烤瓷合金的金瓷结合强度的作用,而上瓷前在空气中自然氧化３０分钟至２小时其金瓷结合强度有明显提高。结论临床使用此种合金时,上瓷前不需进行特殊的氧化热处理即可获得满意的修复效果。     

脑缺血预处理对缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用

目的　观察缺血预处理对脑缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用。方法　采用四血管阻断法对实验鼠分组进行全脑缺血预处理及缺血后再灌注, 半定量法观察海马区神经元受损情况。结果　实验组四血管阻断３ 分钟（ 预处理） 后海马区神经元受损与对照组无显著差异;３ 天间隔６ 分钟全脑缺血再灌注组神经元受损较其他组明显减轻。结论　缺血预处理对脑缺血再灌注损伤保护作用与全脑缺血预处理时间, 后续全脑缺血再灌注损伤时间及两者间的时间间隔有关。     

多酶预处理溶液联合超声对口腔内科器械的清洗效果评价

目的:评价多酶预处理溶液联合超声对口腔内科器械的清洗效果。方法:选取2019年2月~5月我院口腔内科常规使用并进行消毒的器械620支,随机分为两组,分别用多酶预处理溶液(对照组)和多酶预处理溶液联合超声清洗(实验组)处理。比较两组目测清洗合格率以及STF清洗效果检测卡合格率。结果:实验组器械目测合格率以及STF清洗效果检测卡检测合格率均高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:多酶预处理溶液联合超声清洗对于口腔内科器械具有更加有效和安全的清洗效果。     

不同预处理方法对隔夜骨科电动摆锯的清洗效果比较

目的比较不同预处理方法对隔夜骨科电动摆锯的清洗效果。方法选取2019年4至6月我院回收的80把电动摆锯作为研究对象,按简单随机法分为对照组(40把,传统预处理方法)与实验组(40把,改良预处理方法)。比较两组电动摆锯的预处理情况、清洗消耗时间及清洗效果。结果实验组明显血污、干涸血污的把数少于对照组(P<0.05);实验组的清洗消耗时间优于对照组(P<0.05)。两组经目测检查均清洗合格,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);潜血试验显示,两组摆锯外表面的清洗合格率比较,差异不显著(P>0.05);实验组摆锯内腔缝隙的清洗合格率高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论采用改良预处理方法对送回消毒供应中心的电动摆锯进行处理,可减少清洗消耗时间,提高清洗质量。