宫腔镜诊治围绝经期子宫出血(附138例报告)

目的 :探讨宫腔镜在诊治围绝经期异常子宫出血 (perimenopausaluterinebleeding ,PMUB)的价值。方法 :回顾分析PMUB 138例用宫腔镜诊治的临床资料。结果 :138例中子宫内膜息肉 5 5例 ,子宫颈息肉 2 9例 ,粘膜下子宫肌瘤 4 0例 ,子宫内膜增生过长 6例 ,子宫内膜不典型增生 3例 ,子宫内膜癌 1例 ,正常子宫内膜 4例。总体检查阳性率为 97 10 %。术中 1例发生子宫穿孔并发症。术后随访 2 ～12个月 ,随访率为82 6 1% ,患者症状明显改善 10 6例 ,满意率为 92 98%。结论 :用宫腔镜诊断PMUB有相当高的特异性和准确性。可同时治疗良性病变 ,减少不必要的开腹手术 ,是治疗PMUB的首选方法。     

Spontaneous mesenteric hemorrhage associated with ehlers-danlos syndrome

The vascular type of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome is a genetic disorder of connective tissue and is frequently associated with catastrophic arterial complications. Its surgical treatment is extremely difficult because of the fragility of vessels. This article describes three patients with vascular type of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome who developed mesenteric hemorrhage due to spontaneous arterial rupture. The clinical and molecular characteristics of the disease are briefly reviewed.     

Ventriculosubcutaneous shunt for temporary treatment of neonatal post-IVH hydrocephalus: a technical note

A technique for temporary ventricular drainage using a subcutaneous pouch is described for use in neonatal hydrocephalus after intraventricular hemorrhage. The advantages include continuous, valve-regulated ventricular decompression, no exposed tubing, avoidance of electrolyte imbalance and of the loss of CSF, obviation of the need for repeated tapping, and the ability to convert to a peritoneal shunt on an elective basis.     

含服米索前列醇预防选择性剖宫产产后出血

目的：探讨舌下含服米索前列醇预防剖宫产产后出血的效果。方法：将妊娠晚期单胎选择性剖宫产者200例随机分为两组,研究组110例，在第二产程末胎头娩出后舌下含服米索400μg，对照组90例，在胎儿娩出后静脉注射催产素20IU，观察产后2h出血量和用米索前后血压及用药后出现的副作用，结果：产后2h内的出血量，研究组与对照组分别为174．43ml和219.73ml，二组比较有显著性差异（P＜0．01），用米索前后血压比较，二组无显著性差异（P＞0．05），结论：舌下含服前列醇促进子宫收缩作用强于催产素，能减少产后出血，也适用于某些与血管变化有关的高危孕产妇，预防产后出血。     

产后出血159例临床分析及护理

目的　探讨产后出血的原因与影响因素。方法　回顾分析收治的产后出血 15 9例 ,数据处理采用χ2 检验。结果　产后出血发生率 3.5 % ,产后 2小时内出血者 88.6 7% ,出血原因宫缩乏力为 6 6 .6 7% ,影响因素有手术产、流产史、分娩史、妊娠合并症及产程延长等 ,统计学处理P <0 .0 1。结论　重视产后出血的影响因素 ,正确评估出血量及产妇产后 2小时留置产房观察是产后出血早期诊断的关键 ,其预防重点在于早期发现并针对不同原因及时正确处理     

Epilepsy After Stroke

A retrospective follow-up of 200 consecutive stroke patients [ischemic brain infarction (IBI) 157, intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) 20, subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) 23] who were in need of ambulatory rehabilitation was conducted for a mean period of 40 months after stroke. Epilepsy developed in 33 (17%) patients. The occurrence of epilepsy was 14% in IBI, 15% in ICH, and 35% in SAH. Significantly more patients developed epilepsy in the SAH group than in the IBI group (8 of 23 vs. 22 of 157, p less than 0.05). Of the 33 patients, 15% had their first seizures within the first 2 weeks after stroke, and 55% developed epilepsy in 6 months. Forty-eight percent of the patients had generalized seizures. Antiepileptic drug (AED) treatment was started in 28 of 33 patients, of whom 17 still had seizures during follow-up. Epilepsy was an important consequence of stroke among patients who needed rehabilitation, especially in SAH patients. In most, this was due to arterial spasm leading to IBI.     

Clinical impact of CCM mutation detection in familial cavernous angioma

Introduction and background A 3-year-old Bosnian girl with a large symptomatic brainstem and multiple supratentorial cavernous angiomas, who underwent neurosurgical treatment, is presented. As multiple cavernomas are more common in familial cases, genetic analyses and neuroradiological imaging were performed in the patient and her parents to see whether there was any evidence for inheritance. This information is important for genetic counseling and provision of medical care for at-risk relatives. Currently, no recommendation is available on how to manage these cases.Results Genetic analyses demonstrated a novel CCM1 frameshift mutation (c.1683_1684insA; p.V562SfsX6) in the child and the asymptomatic 27-year-old mother. Sensitive gradient-echo magnetic resonance imaging of the mother revealed multiple supratentorial lesions, whereas analogous imaging of the father showed no pathological findings.Conclusion This case exemplifies that seemingly sporadic cases with multiple lesions might well be hereditary and that presymptomatic genetic testing of family members may identify relatives for whom clinical and neuroradiological monitoring is indicated.     

晚期产后出血问题的探讨(附52例临床分析)

本文对52例晚期产后出血病例进行了分析,结果认为晚期产后出血与感染密切有关;在处理上诊断性刮宫仍是重要措施之一,并提出对存在感染因素的产妇,术前、产前应用抗菌素预防感染.在剖宫产过程中,可用含抗生素的溶液冲洗宫腔,以达到预防感染的目的。     

孕妇情绪与产后抑郁症相关因素的研究

为了探讨孕妇抑郁、焦虑情绪、产后抑郁症的发生率，及其关系和有关影响因素，随机抽取1997年1～11月在本院分娩的部分孕妇共1052例进行情绪测定（HAD）问卷调查，其中以艾氏广后抑郁量表（EPDS）跟踪至产后7天的有866例。调查结果：EPDS阳性率为15．01％，HAD问卷中A值总分、D值总分≥11分的分别为5．13％及437％；随着A值、D值的增高，EPDS阳性率也随之升高。据此分析了影响EPDS和A值、D值的有关因素，并提出了相应措施。     

门静脉高压症的历史回顾

门静脉高压症名称的由来至今巳有100多年的历史.它的治疗则经历了一个逐步发展和完善的过程.回顾这一历史,有利于进一步完善门静脉高压症的治疗.