善得定对门静脉高压性胃病大鼠胃粘膜灌注的影响

目的 观察善得定对门静脉高压性胃病（ｐｏｒｔａｌ ｈｙｐｅｒｔｅｎｓｉｖｅ ｇａｓｔｏｐａｔｈｙ,ＰＨＧ）大鼠胃粘膜血流最（ｇａｓｔｒｉｃ ｍｕｃｏｓａｌ ｂｌｏｏｄ ｆｏｗ,ＧＭＢＦ）的影响,并对其作用机制作初步探讨。方法 部分结扎大鼠门静脉主干２周后,观察善得定对ＰＨＧ大鼠全身血流动力学,ＧＭＢＦ,门静脉压力（ＰＶＰ）的影响,测定了输注善得定３０ｍｉｎ后ＰＨＧ大鼠血浆胰高糖素,血浆和胃粘膜ＮＯ     

Expression of nitric oxide synthase protein and gene in the splanchnic organsof liver cirrhosis and portal hypertensive rats

AIM To investigate the expression of endothelial NO synthase (eNOS), inducible NO synthase (iNOS)protein and eNOS mRNA gene in the splanchnic organs of liver cirrhosis and portal hypertensive rats.METHODS In control and CCl4-induced liver cirrhotic rats, the expression of eNOS and iNOS proteins wasdetected by immunohistochemical method, and eNOS mRNA was detected by in situ hybridization.RESULTS The expression of eNOS protein and eNOS mRNA increased in most organs of the cirrhotic rats,including bronchial and alveolar epithelial cells, renal tubular epithelial cells and mesenchyma, endothelialand adventitial cells of aorta and superior mesenteric artery, whereas no significant increase of iNOS proteinwas found. In the hepatic tissue, NOS protein and eNOS mRNA were present in mesenchymal cells and vesseladventitial cells, no difference was observed in the expression between control and cirrhotic rats.CONCLUSION The expression of NOS varied in region. In splanchnic organs and vasculars there was anincreased expression of eNOS which induced aplanchnic vasodilation and increased the inflow of portal vein,while in the liver tissue and blood vessel showed no increased expression, which may be associated withincreased intrahepatic vascular resistance.     

TIPS、改良Sugiura术和TIPS加改良Sugiura术治疗门静脉高压症的疗效观察

目的　探讨TIPS、改良Sugiura术和TIPS加改良Sugiura术治疗门静脉高压症的临床疗效。　方法　对 90例门静脉高压症患者分别行TIPS(Ⅰ组 )、改良Sugiura(Ⅱ组 )和TIPS加改良Sugiura术 (Ⅲ组 )治疗。　结果　Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ组近期并发症分别为 2 3 3 3 %、3 0 0 0 %和 2 0 0 0 % ,其中 ,出血复发率为 6 67%、10 0 0 %和 0 % ,肝性脑病为 16 67%、0 %和 13 3 3 % ,Ⅰ组病死率为 3 3 3 %。术后 1～ 3 6个月随访 ,Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ组出血复发率分别为 3 4 4 8%、3 3 3 3 %和 3 3 3 % ;肝性脑病分别为 17 2 4 %、3 3 3 %和 3 3 3 % ,病死率分别为 2 0 69%、13 3 3 %和 3 3 3 %。Ⅲ组分流道通畅率高于Ⅰ组。　结论　TIPS与改良Sugiura术联合运用能有效地防治食管静脉曲张出血。     

Selective modulatory effects of the essential oil of Croton zehntneri on isolated smooth muscle preparations of the guinea-pig

The effects of the essential oil of the plant Croton zehntneri (EOCz) in the concentration range 1–200 μg/mL were studied on the mechanical activity of various in vitro smooth muscle preparations of the guinea-pig. In isolated ileum EOCz induced a variable response such that in 57% of tissues basal tone was reduced (EC₅₀ 5 μg/mL) whereas the rest remained unaffected by the oil. In concentrations above 10 μg/mL EOCz induced spontaneous oscillatory contractions in all preparations. In contrast the basal tone of the aorta, portal vein and bladder remained unaltered by the oil. In the portal vein EOCz concentration-dependently inhibited the amplitude of spontaneous contractions (IC₅₀ 109 μg/mL) without reducing frequency, whereas in the bladder such activity was increased by the oil (EC₅₀ 44 μg/mL). In ileum precontracted with 60 mM KCl, EOCz induced a complete and concentration-dependent relaxation with an IC₅₀ value of approximately 26 μg/mL. In contrast EOCz did not relax KCl-induced tone in the aorta or bladder, whilst eliciting less than 20% relaxation of the precontracted portal vein. Thus our data show that EOCz exerts differential modulatory effects on the contractility of various smooth muscles of the guinea-pig. That EOCz appears to selectively relax intestinal smooth muscle may support its use in folk medicine as a gastrointestinal antispasmodic. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Cavernous transformation of the portal vein in a child with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma

We present an 11 year old boy who developed collateral vessels in the portal hepatis with non-visualization of the portal vein 9 months after treatment for large cell lymphoma. This “cavernous transformation of the portal vein” may lead to varices with subsequent gastrointestinal hemorrhage. Med. Pediatr. Oncol. 29:143–145, 1997. © 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

A new staging system for hepatocellular carcinoma associated with portal vein tumor thrombus

BackgroundA new staging system for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) associated with portal vein tumor thrombus (PVTT) was developed by incorporating the good points of the BCLC classification of HCC, and by improving on the currently existing classifications of HCC associated with PVTT.MethodsUnivariate and multivariate analysis with Wald χ² test were used to determinate the clinical prognostic factors for overall survival (OS) in patients with HCC and PVTT in the training cohort. Then the conditional inference trees analysis was applied to establish a new staging system.ResultsA training cohort of 2,179 patients from the Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital and a validation cohort of 1,550 patients from four major liver centers in China were enrolled into establishing and validating a new staging system. The system was established by incorporating liver function, general health status, tumor resectability, extrahepatic metastasis and extent of PVTT. This staging system had a good discriminatory ability to separate patients into different stages and substages. The median OS for the two cohorts were 57.1 (37.2–76.9), 12.1 (11.0–13.2), 5.7 (5.1–6.2), 4.0 (3.3–4.6) and 2.5 (1.7–3.3) months for the stages 0 to IV, respectively (P<0.001) in the training cohort. The corresponding figures for the validation cohort were 6.4 (4.9–7.9), 2.8 (1.3–4.4), 10.8 (9.3–12.4), and 1.5 (1.3–1.7) months for the stages II to IV, respectively (P<0.001). The mean survival for stage 0 to 1 were 37.6 (35.9–39.2) and 30.4 (27.4–33.4), respectively (P<0.001).ConclusionsA new staging system was established which provided a good discriminatory ability to separate patients into different stages and substages after treatment. It can be used to supplement the other HCC staging systems.     

门静脉高压症鼠内脏和血管中环加氧酶的表达

目的研究门静脉高压症鼠血浆前列环素(PGI2)水平、血管和小肠中环加氧酶(COX)基因表达以及内脏血流动力学的变化,探讨PGI2、COXmRNA表达与门静脉高压症高血流动力学之间的关系。方法20只雄性SD大鼠随机分成肝内型门静脉高压症组(IHPH,n=7)、肝前型门静脉高压症组(PHPH,n=7)和假手术组(SO,n=6),同位素微球技术行内脏血流动力学研究,并采取股动脉血行血浆六-酮-前列腺素F1α(6-keto-PGF1α)浓度测定;RT-PCR法半定量测定血管和小肠标本中COXmRNA表达。结果IHPH、PHPH组均具有内脏血流量增加、内脏血管阻力降低等高血流动力学特征;IHPH、PHPH组血浆6-keto-PGF1α及胸主动脉、肠系膜上动脉和小肠COX-1mRNA的表达均显著高于SO组(P<0.05),且其浓度或表达情况均与内脏血流量(PVI)、内脏血管阻力(SVR)和门静脉压力(FPP)显著相关(P<0.05)。结论门静脉高压症时内脏、血管组织中COXmRNA表达和血浆6-keto-PGF1α浓度与内脏血流动力学变化显著相关。     

NOS、ET-1在血吸虫病门静脉高压兔肺组织中的表达和意义

目的　探讨内皮素 (endothelin -1,ET -1)、一氧化氮 (NO)在血吸虫病门静脉高压性肺血管病变发病机制中的作用。方法　运用腹部敷贴法感染血吸虫尾蚴形成血吸虫病肝硬化门静脉高压症动物模型 ,模型组 (M组 ) 10只和正常对照组 (N组 ) 10只 ,应用免疫组织化学法对动物模型的肺组织中的ET -1、一氧化氮合酶 (nitricoxidesynthase ,NOS)进行定位性研究 ,并以正常兔作对照。结果　感染血吸虫尾蚴 12 0d后 ,肝硬化门静脉高压症动物模型成功 ,模型组肺组织中ET -1、NOS阳性细胞的表达均明显增多 ,染色增强 ,计算机图像定量分析示两组光灰度值和光密度值均具有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 1)。结论　ET -1、NOS在血吸虫病门静脉高压兔肺血管中的表达明显增强 ,表明ET -1、NO在血吸虫病门脉高压性肺血管病变发病机制中具有重要意义。     

保留迷走神经主干的贲门周围血管离断术治疗门静脉高压症临床体会

目的 :探讨保留迷走神经主干的贲门周围血管离断术 (VTPPD)比较于切断迷走神经主干的贲门周围血管离断术加幽门成形术 (PD+PP)治疗门脉高压症的治疗效果。方法 :回顾性分析 1999— 10～ 2 0 0 3— 0 5实施的 VTPPD31例与 PD+PP4 8例 ,比较两组病人手术并发症 ,死亡率。结果 :VTPPD组手术死亡率为 9.7% ,PD+PP组手术死亡率为 12 .5 % ,两者死亡率无明显差异 (P >0 .0 5 ) ;VTPPD组并发症明显低于 PD+PP组 (P <0 .0 1)。结论 :保留迷走神经主干的贲门周围血管离断术能够降低术后并发症 ,提高门脉高压症手术的远期疗效。     

Diagnostic value of Doppler ultrasound in the assessment of liver cirrhosis in children: Histopathological correlation

We have correlated flow abnormalities in the hepatic vasculature with histological findings in the liver to determine the accuracy of Doppler ultrasound in the diagnosis of liver cirrhosis in children. Eighteen children admitted for evaluation of unknown liver disease were examined prospectively and blindly with Doppler ultrasound prior to liver biopsy. Biopsy specimens showed established cirrhosis in 9 of 18, early cirrhosis in 5 of 18, and no cirrhosis in 4 of 18 children. Doppler studies were also performed on 20 control subjects. The portal vein velocity was decreased (p < 0.0005) and the arterio-portal velocity ratio was increased (p < 0.0005) in the established cirrhosis cohort relative to the controls. For the criteria of the established cirrhosis cohort, the sensitivities of the loss of the reverse flow component in the hepatic veins, the arterio-portal velocity ratio being greater than 3.0, the portal vein velocity being less than 20 cm/s, and the existence of focal flow acceleration in the hepatic veins were 100%, 78%, 67%, and 44%, respectively. The specificity of all of these criteria was 100%. The indicators were not useful in the diagnosis of early cirrhosis. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.